公开(公告)号：US07720382B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-18

申请号：US10826151

申请日：2004-04-16

申请人： Penelope E. Haxell ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong ,  Peter M. Winkler

发明人： Penelope E. Haxell ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong ,  Peter M. Winkler

IPC分类号： H04J14/00

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0062 ,  H04J3/0647 ,  H04L7/0075 ,  H04Q2011/0033

摘要： A system and method are disclosed for time-domain wavelength interleaved networking that reduce the need for complex time-slot scheduling and reduce the routing complexity. Substantially all communications in the time-domain wavelength interleaved network pass through a hub node. In addition, interior nodes in the time-domain wavelength interleaved network will forward substantially all communications received from the hub node that are destined for another node on all branches outward from the hub node. The central hub node can impose a timing reference. Thus, the transmission and reception of a message can be synchronized such that a message sent in a time-slot k by a node Ni will be received by a node Nj in the time-slot k. Further, the hub node can recover from a link failure by shifting transmission times of all nodes that are separated from the hub node by the failed link.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于时域波长交织网络的系统和方法，其减少对复杂时隙调度的需要并降低路由复杂度。 时域波长交织网络中的所有通信基本上通过集线器节点。 此外，时域波长交织网络中的内部节点将基本上转发从集线器节点接收到的所有从集线器节点向外的所有分支上的另一个节点的通信。 中心枢纽节点可以施加定时参考。 因此，可以同步消息的发送和接收，使得节点Ni在时隙k中发送的消息将在时隙k中由节点Nj接收。 此外，集线器节点可以通过将故障链路与集线器节点分离的所有节点的传输时间进行转移，从链路故障中恢复。

公开(公告)号：US06381046B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US09234826

申请日：1999-01-21

申请人： Gordon Thomas Wilfong ,  Peter M. Winkler

发明人： Gordon Thomas Wilfong ,  Peter M. Winkler

IPC分类号： H04B1020

CPC分类号： H04J14/0283 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0245 ,  H04J14/0249

摘要： We disclose a method for routing a set of demands in a ring network that comprises nodes interconnected by directed links, in which each demand may be routed clockwise or counterclockwise. According to our method, a linear program is solved to obtain a set of routing variables that minimize an objective function. Each routing variable corresponds to a respective one of the demands, and has a value, exemplarily, on the closed interval from 0 to 1. A value of 1 signifies, e.g., clockwise routing, and a value of 0 signifies counterclockwise routing. The objective function describes the value of a load, defined on each link and maximized over all links of the network, so that a solution of the linear program provides a minimum value of the maximized load. The method further comprises rounding the routing variables so that the value of each routing variable falls at 1 or 0. This rounding is carried out such that the maximized load does not exceed the previously-obtained minimum value of the maximized load. The method further comprises routing each of the demands clockwise or counterclockwise, in accordance with the value of its respective routing variable.

摘要翻译： 我们公开了一种在环网中路由一组需求的方法，该环网包括通过定向链路互连的节点，其中每个需求可以顺时针或逆时针路由。 根据我们的方法，求解线性程序以获得最小化目标函数的一组路由变量。 每个路由变量对应于需求中的相应一个，并且具有例如从0到1的关闭间隔的值。值1表示例如顺时针路由，值0表示逆时针路由。 目标函数描述了在每个链路上定义并在网络的所有链路上最大化的负载的值，使得线性程序的解决方案提供了最大负载的最小值。 该方法还包括对路由变量进行四舍五入，使得每个路由选择变量的值落在1或0.这种舍入被执行为使得最大负载不超过先前获得的最大负载的最小值。 该方法还包括根据其各自的路由变量的值顺序或逆时针地布置每个需求。

公开(公告)号：US07366178B2

公开(公告)日：2008-04-29

申请号：US11225516

申请日：2005-09-13

申请人： Seungjoon Lee ,  Girija J. Narlikar ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong ,  Yihao Lisa Zhang

发明人： Seungjoon Lee ,  Girija J. Narlikar ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong ,  Yihao Lisa Zhang

IPC分类号： H04J1/02

CPC分类号： H04W72/0446 ,  H04W84/22

摘要： A method and apparatus for scheduling the transmission of data packets over a multihop wireless backhaul network in which delay guarantees through the network may be advantageously ensured. Illustratively, a novel packet scheduling scheme is provided which is advantageously based on an existing scheduling policy for wireline networks and for which a delay guarantee (based on the delay characteristics of the existing scheduling policy) can be advantageously ensured. In one embodiment, an even-odd link activation framework is defined for a given multihop wireless backhaul network, and an associated scheduling policy based on an arbitrary existing scheduling policy for wireline networks is derived and adopted. In such a case, the derived scheduling policy, when applied to the given multihop wireless backhaul network, advantageously ensures a worst-case delay guarantee of approximately twice that of the existing scheduling policy for wireline networks.

摘要翻译： 可以有利地确保通过多跳无线回程网络调度数据分组的传输的方法和装置，其中通过网络的延迟保证。 示例性地，提供了一种新颖的分组调度方案，其有利地基于用于有线网络的现有调度策略，并且可以有利地确保延迟保证（基于现有调度策略的延迟特性）。 在一个实施例中，为给定的多跳无线回程网络定义偶数链路激活框架，并且导出并采用基于用于有线网络的任意现有调度策略的相关调度策略。 在这种情况下，当应用于给定的多跳无线回程网络时，派生的调度策略有利地确保了用于有线网络的现有调度策略的最差情况延迟保证的两倍。

公开(公告)号：US5838819A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-17

申请号：US557872

申请日：1995-11-14

申请人： Laurence W. Ruedisueli ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

发明人： Laurence W. Ruedisueli ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

IPC分类号： G06F3/02 ,  G06F1/16 ,  G06F3/041 ,  G06F3/048 ,  G06F17/24 ,  G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06F1/1611 ,  G06F1/1616 ,  G06F1/1626 ,  G06F1/1698 ,  G06F17/24 ,  G06F2200/1632

摘要： A system and method for processing and managing electronic copies of handwritten notes are provided. The system includes a processor for processing the handwritten notes to generate the electronic copies, with each electronic copy associated with a respective identifier corresponding to at least one set of the respective handwritten notes, in which the identifiers facilitate the management of the electronic copies. The system includes an electronic notepad and can also include devices operatively connected to the electronic notepad for operating with the electronic notepad to receive, manage, merge, and/or display the electronic copies from the electronic notepad.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于处理和管理手写笔记的电子副本的系统和方法。 该系统包括用于处理手写笔记以产生电子副本的处理器，每个电子副本与相应于相应手写笔记的至少一组的相应标识符相关联，其中标识符有助于电子副本的管理。 该系统包括电子记事本，并且还可以包括可操作地连接到电子记事本的设备，用于与电子记事本一起操作以从电子记事本接收，管理，合并和/或显示电子副本。

公开(公告)号：US07486682B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-03

申请号：US10903546

申请日：2004-07-30

申请人： Carl Jeremy Nuzman ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

发明人： Carl Jeremy Nuzman ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L41/0896 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/56 ,  H04L69/14

摘要： A method and apparatus for grooming traffic demands according to mileage based tariffs. An Integer Linear Program (ILP) that captures the traffic grooming problem is defined, and such a linear program can in principle be solved by conventional linear program application systems which are fully familiar to those of ordinary skill in the art. However, the time required to solve such an ILP is fairly large, even for the moderately sized networks we are interested in. That is, there are many possible routes to consider, and hence many integer variables in the ILP. Therefore, further in accordance with the principles of the present invention, the ILP is advantageously run on the Delaunay Triangulation of the network rather than on the completely connected network graph.

摘要翻译： 一种根据里程价格调整交通需求的方法和装置。 定义了捕获流量梳理问题的整数线性规划（ILP），原则上可以通过本领域普通技术人员所熟悉的常规线性程序应用系统来解决这种线性程序。 然而，解决这样的ILP所需的时间相当大，即使对于我们感兴趣的中等规模的网络也是如此。也就是说，有许多可能的路线要考虑，因此ILP中有许多整数变量。 因此，进一步根据本发明的原理，ILP有利地运行在网络的Delaunay Triangulation上，而不是完全连接的网络图上。

公开(公告)号：US07194207B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-20

申请号：US09779315

申请日：2001-02-08

申请人： April Patricia Rasala ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

发明人： April Patricia Rasala ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

IPC分类号： H04J10/00

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0062 ,  H04Q2011/0011 ,  H04Q2011/0064

摘要： The present invention provides a wide-sense, non-blocking WDM cross-connect that utilizes a relatively small number of wavelength interchangers. The cross-connect of the present invention comprises first, second and third fabrics and one or more wavelength interchangers that interconnect the first and second fabrics. Demands that require a change in wavelength are routed through the first fabric, through one or more of the wavelength interchangers, and through the second fabric. Demands that do not require a change in wavelength are only routed through the third fabric. A routing algorithm is utilized to ensure that any sequence of connection requests and withdrawals can be routed without disturbing any currently routed requests.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了利用相对较少数量的波长交换器的广义无阻塞WDM交叉连接。 本发明的交叉连接包括第一和第三织物以及互连第一和第二织物的一个或多个波长互换器。 需要波长变化的要求通过第一种织物，通过一个或多个波长交换器和第二织物布线。 不需要波长变化的要求只能通过第三层布线。 使用路由算法来确保可以路由任何连接请求和提取序列，而不会干扰任何当前路由的请求。

公开(公告)号：US06487332B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-26

申请号：US09471925

申请日：1999-12-23

申请人： April Patricia Rasala ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

发明人： April Patricia Rasala ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

IPC分类号： G02B626

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0011 ,  H04Q2011/0024

摘要： The present invention provides a strictly non-blocking WDM cross-connect that utilizes a relatively small number of wavelength interchangers. In accordance with one embodiment, the WDM cross-connect utilizes n1k1 wavelength interchangers, where n1 is an integer equal to the number of wavelengths carried on an input optical fiber associated with the WDM cross-connect and k1 is the total number of input optical fibers to the WDM cross-connect. Each of the wavelength interchangers is connected to exactly one input port of the fabric and each input port of the fabric is connected to exactly one wavelength interchanger. The input optical fibers of the WDM cross-connect are connected to k1 optical switches of the cross-connect that separate out the n1 wavelengths onto n1 optical fibers, which are input to respective wavelength interchangers. Therefore, each wavelength interchanger receives exactly n1 optical fibers. The fabric has output ports that are connected to k2 output optical fibers, where k2 is an integer equal to the number of output optical fibers that are connected to the output ports of the fabric. In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the WDM cross-connect comprises two fabrics and one or more wavelength interchangers that interconnect the fabrics. The cross-connect in accordance with this embodiment can be rendered strictly non-blocking by utilizing a number of wavelength interchangers equal to (k1+k2)−1, where k1 and k2 correspond to the number of input and output optical fibers, respectively, of the WDM cross-connect. In accordance with both of these embodiments, the number of input and output optical fibers of the strictly non-blocking WDM cross-connect can be unequal.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种使用相对较少数量的波长交换器的严格无阻塞WDM交叉连接。 根据一个实施例，WDM交叉连接利用n1k1波长互换器，其中n1是等于与WDM交叉连接相关联的输入光纤上承载的波长数的整数，k1是输入光纤的总数 到WDM交叉连接。 每个波长交换器连接到织物的正好一个输入端口，并且该结构的每个输入端口连接到正好一个波长交换器。 WDM交叉连接的输入光纤连接到交叉连接的k1个光开关，将n1波长分离到n1个光纤上，这些光纤被输入到各个波长交换器。 因此，每个波长交换器精确地接收n1个光纤。 织物具有连接到k2输出光纤的输出端口，其中k2是等于连接到织物的输出端口的输出光纤的数量的整数。 根据本发明的另一个实施例，WDM交叉连接包括两个织物和互连织物的一个或多个波长互换器。 通过利用等于（k1 + k2）-1的多个波长交换器，可以将根据本实施例的交叉连接严格地不阻塞，其中k1和k2分别对应于输入和输出光纤的数量， 的WDM交叉连接。 根据这两个实施例，严格无阻塞WDM交叉连接的输入和输出光纤的数量可以是不相等的。

公开(公告)号：US5930380A

公开(公告)日：1999-07-27

申请号：US798981

申请日：1997-02-11

申请人： Ramanujan S. Kashi ,  Winston Lowell Nelson ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

发明人： Ramanujan S. Kashi ,  Winston Lowell Nelson ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

IPC分类号： G06K9/62 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06T7/00 ,  G06K9/36

CPC分类号： G06K9/00154

摘要： In a process of signature verification, an off-line test signature is compared to one or more on-line reference signatures. Dynamic data obtained from the reference signature or signatures may be used to improve the thinning of the test signature. Such data may also be used for segmenting the test signature and sequencing the resulting strokes. In some embodiments, the invention includes evaluating a dynamic error, based at least in part on such sequencing of the test signature. In some further embodiments, the invention includes producing a rendering of at least one on-line reference signature as a two-dimensional image, and evaluating a static error based, at least in part, on shape-matching between the rendered image and the test signature.

摘要翻译： 在签名验证过程中，将离线测试签名与一个或多个在线参考签名进行比较。 从参考签名或签名获得的动态数据可用于改进测试签名的变薄。 这样的数据也可以用于分割测试签名并对得到的笔划进行排序。 在一些实施例中，本发明包括至少部分地基于测试签名的顺序来评估动态错误。 在一些另外的实施例中，本发明包括产生作为二维图像的至少一个在线参考签名的渲染，以及至少部分地基于渲染图像与测试之间的形状匹配来评估静态误差 签名。

公开(公告)号：US07180864B2

公开(公告)日：2007-02-20

申请号：US10085568

申请日：2002-02-27

申请人： Anindya Basu ,  Chih-Hao Luke Ong ,  April Patricia Rasala ,  Frederick Bruce Sheperd ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

发明人： Anindya Basu ,  Chih-Hao Luke Ong ,  April Patricia Rasala ,  Frederick Bruce Sheperd ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

IPC分类号： H04L12/26

CPC分类号： H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/52

摘要： A method for exchanging routing information between I-BGP routers within an autonomous system (AS) advantageously enables a solution to both persistent route oscillation problems and transient route oscillation problems which may occur when using I-BGP in a given AS. Conventional I-BGP protocol techniques are extended by enabling I-BGP speakers (e.g., routers) to communicate a set of possible best paths to a given destination, rather than communicating only a single best path, to each of their I-BGP peers within the given AS. Specifically, a plurality of possible best paths to a destination are communicated (where there are in fact more than one) from an I-BGP speaker in a given AS to its I-BGP peers (within the given AS), for each neighboring AS that provides any such paths (i.e., routes to the destination).

摘要翻译： 在自治系统（AS）内的I-BGP路由器之间交换路由信息的方法有利地能够解决在给定AS中使用I-BGP时可能出现的持久路由振荡问题和瞬时路由振荡问题。 通过使I-BGP扬声器（例如，路由器）能够将一组可能的最佳路径传达给给定目的地而不是仅传达单个最佳路径，来扩展I / 给定的AS。 具体地，对于每个相邻的AS，向给定的AS中的I-BGP对等体（在给定的AS内）传送到目的地的多条可能的最佳路径（其中实际上不止一个）从给定AS中的I-BGP演讲者 它提供任何这样的路径（即，到达目的地的路由）。

公开(公告)号：US06535310B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-18

申请号：US09471641

申请日：1999-12-23

申请人： April Patricia Rasala ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

发明人： April Patricia Rasala ,  Gordon Thomas Wilfong

IPC分类号： H04J1402

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0011

摘要： The present invention provides a strictly non-blocking WDM cross-connect that utilizes a relatively small number of wavelength interchangers. The cross-connect of the present invention comprises two fabrics and one or more wavelength interchangers that interconnect the fabrics. The fabrics are either pathwise strictly non-blocking or pathwise wide-sense non-blocking. In the former case, the WDM cross-connect is strictly non-blocking, i.e., both pathwise and wavelength strictly non-blocking. In the latter case, the cross-connect is wavelength strictly non-blocking and is pathwise wide-sense non-blocking, i.e., a routing algorithm is required to ensure that any sequence of connection requests and withdrawals can be routed without disturbing any currently routed requests. In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-connect is strictly non-blocking and comprises a minimum number of wavelength interchangers, namely, 2k−1, where k is a positive integer equal to the number of input fibers and to the number of output fibers of the cross-connect. The cross-connect is capable of providing a route for any sequence of connection requests and withdrawals without having to disturb any currently routed requests and without the need for a routing algorithm.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种使用相对较少数量的波长交换器的严格无阻塞WDM交叉连接。 本发明的交叉连接包括互连织物的两个织物和一个或多个波长交换器。 织物是路径严格无阻塞或路径广义无阻塞。 在前一种情况下，WDM交叉连接是严格无阻塞的，即路径方向和波长严格无阻塞。 在后一种情况下，交叉连接是波长严格无阻塞的，并且是路径广义无阻塞，即需要路由算法以确保可以路由任何连接请求和提取序列，而不会干扰任何当前路由 要求。 根据本发明的优选实施例，交叉连接是严格无阻塞的，并且包括最小数量的波长互换器，即2k-1，其中k是等于输入光纤数量的正整数，并且 交叉连接的输出光纤的数量。 交叉连接能够提供任何连接请求和提取序列的路由，而不必打扰任何当前路由的请求，而不需要路由算法。