摘要:
The disclosure relates to a process for separating gallium and indium from an aqueous solution by subjecting this latter to liquid/liquid extraction with the use of certain classes of organylphosphonic acid esters and separating the resulting liquid phases from one another.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to process for making derivatives of vinylphosphonic acid or vinylpyrophosphonic acid. To this end, a ketone is reacted with tetraphosphorus hexoxide in the presence of catalytic proportions of a proton-yielding substance. In the event of the products desired to be produced being vinylphosphonic acid derivatives, the vinylpyrophosphonic acid derivatives first obtained are hydrolyzed with an equivalent quantity of water.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to a process for making derivatives of vinylpyrophosphonic acid, wherein a ketone is reacted with tetraphosphorus hexoxide (P.sub.4 O.sub.6) in the presence of a catalytically active proportion of a proton-yielding substance at elevated temperature. Vinylphosphonic acid derivatives are obtained by hydrolyzing the vinylpyrophosphonic acid derivatives with an equivalent proportion of water. More particularly, the ketone used is a compound of the following general formula ##STR1## in which either R stands exclusively for a halogen and R' either stands for a halogen or hydrogen, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and R" stands for an alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl or alkenyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or R" stands exclusively for an alkenyl group having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms and R and R' being identical or different each stand for hydrogen or a halogen or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
摘要:
Novel mono- or dicarboxytetralinephosphonic acids of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R stands for hydrogen or an alkyl group,X stands for hydrogen or a carboxylic group, andY stands for hydrogen or an alkyl group are made by reacting 1-phenylvinyl-1-phosphonic acid with an unsaturated carboxylic acid of formula II ##STR2## or with its anhydride.
摘要:
The present disclosure is directed to a pigment preparation comprising aluminum effect pigments, a solvent and at least one additive, wherein the aluminum effect pigments have a d98 value of the volume averaged particle size distribution curve of less than 15 μm, the at least one additive is a phosphorous containing additive, and the solvent has a viscosity equal to or more than 1.8 mPa's at 25° C. The disclosure is further directed to an ink jet printing ink as well the use thereof.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for producing a ribbon free randomly wound yarn package is disclosed, and wherein a plurality of critical winding ratios at which undesirable pattern formations or ribbons would normally occur are determined and stored in a microprocessor control unit. During the winding operation, the spindle speed and traversing frequency are monitored by sensors and are transmitted to the control unit, and the control unit computes the optimum time for rapidly changing the traversing frequency so that the actual winding ratio moves rapidly through each of the approaching critical winding ratios. The original traversing frequency is re-established after having passed beyond each of the critical winding ratios.
摘要:
Phosphonic acid dichlorides of the general formula I ##STR1## are made by reacting thionyl chloride with a phosphonic acid dialkylester of the general formula II ##STR2## and using, as the catalyst, a compound of the general formulae III, IV or VR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 PX (III)R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 P (IV)R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 PO (V)in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each stand for identical or different alkyl groups or aryl groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, X stands for chlorine or bromine, R.sup.4 has the same meaning as R.sup.1 through R.sup.3 or stands for chlorine or bromine.
摘要:
Novel-1-phenyltetraline-1,4-diphosphonic acids of the formula ##STR1## are made by reacting 1-phenylvinyl-1-phosphonic acids at temperatures of from 120.degree.-210.degree. C.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to a process for making phosphonic anhydrides of general formula (I)(RPO.sub.2).sub.n.H.sub.2 O (I)in which R stands for an alkyl or aryl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and n stands for a value between 2 and 20. To this end, the disclosure provides for a compound of general formula (II) ##STR1## in which R has the meaning given above to be oxidized with concentrated sulfuric acid under inert gas and in the presence of a diluent at a temperature between 0.degree. and 100.degree. C., the compound of general formula (II) and sulfuric acid being used in a molar ratio of about 1:1.