公开(公告)号：US08259564B1

公开(公告)日：2012-09-04

申请号：US12425503

申请日：2009-04-17

申请人： Hannes Gredler ,  John Galen Scudder ,  Nischal Sheth ,  Yakov Rekhter

发明人： Hannes Gredler ,  John Galen Scudder ,  Nischal Sheth ,  Yakov Rekhter

IPC分类号： G06F11/00

CPC分类号： G06F11/2005 ,  H04L45/507

摘要： This disclosure describes techniques for protecting an endpoint of a label switched path. In one embodiment, a system includes an ingress router, a primary egress router, backup router, and a point of local repair (PLR) router. The ingress router, the PLR router, and the first egress router form a first label switched path. The backup router provides protection for the primary egress router such that the backup router provides routing services for the first egress router when the first egress router is not available. The primary egress router and the backup router share an anycast IP address. The backup router advertises a route to reach the primary egress router, but upon receiving a packet intended for the primary egress router, the backup router identifies the destination of the packet and forwards the packet to the destination instead of the primary egress router along a different route.

摘要翻译： 本公开描述了用于保护标签交换路径的端点的技术。 在一个实施例中，系统包括入口路由器，主出口路由器，备用路由器和本地修复（PLR）路由器的点。 入口路由器，PLR路由器和第一出口路由器形成第一标签交换路径。 备用路由器为主出口路由器提供保护，使得当第一出口路由器不可用时，备用路由器为第一出口路由器提供路由服务。 主出口路由器和备份路由器共享一个任播IP地址。 备用路由器通告路由到达主要出口路由器，但是在接收到主出口路由器的数据包后，备份路由器会识别报文的目的地，并将数据包转发到目的地而不是主出口路由器 路线。

公开(公告)号：US09178797B2

公开(公告)日：2015-11-03

申请号：US13539424

申请日：2012-06-30

申请人： John Galen Scudder ,  Ross W. Callon

发明人： John Galen Scudder ,  Ross W. Callon

IPC分类号： H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/755 ,  H04L12/757 ,  H04L29/14 ,  H04L12/24 ,  H04L12/715

CPC分类号： H04L45/021 ,  H04L41/0668 ,  H04L41/0672 ,  H04L45/023 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L69/40

摘要： In general, techniques are described for selectively invoking graceful restart procedures when a route reflector member of a redundant route cluster fails. In one example, a method is provided that includes determining, by a provider edge router that supports graceful restart procedures, that a first router forms a redundant group with at least a second router. The method also includes detecting a failure of the first router and determining that at least the second router in the redundant group is operating approximately while the first router is failed. The method further includes overriding graceful restart procedures with respect to the failed first router when at least the second router is operating. The method also includes forwarding one or more data packets according to route information provided via the second router.

摘要翻译： 一般来说，描述了当冗余路由集群的路由反射器成员发生故障时选择性地调用优雅重启过程的技术。 在一个示例中，提供了一种方法，其包括由支持平滑重启过程的提供商边缘路由器确定第一路由器与至少第二路由器形成冗余组。 该方法还包括检测第一路由器的故障，并且确定至少第二路由器在第一路由器发生故障时大致操作冗余组中的第二路由器。 该方法还包括当至少第二路由器正在运行时相对于故障的第一路由器重写优雅的重新启动过程。 该方法还包括根据经由第二路由器提供的路由信息​​转发一个或多个数据分组。

公开(公告)号：US07852772B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-14

申请号：US11254609

申请日：2005-10-20

申请人： Clarence Filsfils ,  Stewart Bryant ,  Ian Michael Charles Shand ,  David D. Ward ,  John Galen Scudder

发明人： Clarence Filsfils ,  Stewart Bryant ,  Ian Michael Charles Shand ,  David D. Ward ,  John Galen Scudder

IPC分类号： H04L12/26

CPC分类号： H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/18 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28

摘要： A method of implementing a backup path in an autonomous system (AS) for failure of an inter-AS link is described. The method comprises forwarding data elements destined for the failed link via a backup path and including a loop prevention attribute in the packet.

摘要翻译： 描述了在自治系统（AS）中实现AS间链路故障的备用路径的方法。 该方法包括经由备份路径转发去往故障链路的数据元素，并在分组中包括环路防止属性。

公开(公告)号：US07496650B1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-24

申请号：US10811626

申请日：2004-03-29

申请人： Stefano Benedetto Previdi ,  John Galen Scudder ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  David Delano Ward

发明人： Stefano Benedetto Previdi ,  John Galen Scudder ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  David Delano Ward

IPC分类号： G06F15/173 ,  G01R31/08 ,  H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/028 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/48 ,  H04L69/14 ,  H04L69/40

摘要： One or more sets of routing information are maintained. A network topology change indication of a progressive series of network changes is received, with at least one more associated network topology change indication of the progressive series of network changes expected to be received in the future. An updated set of routing information is computed based on the network topology change indication, and a determination is made as to whether or not the updated set of routing information changes nexthop information for one or more routes. In response to determining that the new set of routing information does not change nexthop information for said one or more routes and given the expectation of at least one more associated network topology change indication of the progressive series of network changes is expected to be received in the future, the routing information is not updated based on the updated set of routing information.

摘要翻译： 维护一组或多组路由信息。 接收到逐渐的一系列网络改变的网络拓扑变化指示，其中至少一个更多关联的网络拓扑改变预期在将来接收的渐进的一系列网络变化的指示。 基于网络拓扑变化指示计算更新的路由信息​​集合，并且确定更新的路由信息​​集合是否改变一个或多个路由的下一跳信息。 响应于确定新的路由信息​​集合不会改变用于所述一个或多个路由的下一跳信息，并且给出期望至少一个更相关联的网络拓扑结构的变化指示逐渐的一系列网络改变将在 未来，路由信息不会根据更新的路由信息​​集进行更新。

公开(公告)号：US07983153B2

公开(公告)日：2011-07-19

申请号：US12481411

申请日：2009-06-09

申请人： Clarence Filsfils ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  John Galen Scudder ,  David D. Ward ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Jim Guichard

发明人： Clarence Filsfils ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  John Galen Scudder ,  David D. Ward ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Jim Guichard

IPC分类号： H04J1/16 ,  H04J3/14 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L12/26

CPC分类号： H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/50

摘要： In one embodiment, an edge device in a first routing domain is configured to communicate with a second routing domain via a data link. The edge device receives a data packet containing a destination address that is reachable via the second routing domain and an indication that the data packet is a protected packet that was previously rerouted from another edge device in the first routing domain via a Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Fast Reroute (FRR) backup path. The edge device determines if communication with the second routing domain is still available via the data link, and if so, removes the indication that the data packet is a protected packet and forwards the data packet to the second routing domain, and, if not, drops the data packet to prevent the data packet from being rerouted a second time in the first routing domain on another MPLS FRR backup path.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，第一路由域中的边缘设备被配置为经由数据链路与第二路由域进行通信。 边缘设备接收包含经由第二路由域可到达的目的地地址的数据分组，以及指示数据分组是先前通过多协议标签交换在第一路由域中从另一边缘设备重新路由的受保护分组的指示 （MPLS）快速重路由（FRR）备份路径。 边缘设备确定与第二路由域的通信是否仍然通过数据链路可用，如果是，则删除数据分组是受保护分组的指示，并将数据分组转发到第二路由域，如果不是， 删除数据包，以防止数据包在另一个MPLS FRR备份路径上的第一个路由域再次被重新路由。

公开(公告)号：US07864669B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-04

申请号：US11254587

申请日：2005-10-20

申请人： Olivier Bonaventure ,  Pierre Francois ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  Stewart Bryant ,  David D. Ward ,  John Galen Scudder ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  Ian Michael Charles Shand ,  Gargi Nalawade

发明人： Olivier Bonaventure ,  Pierre Francois ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  Stewart Bryant ,  David D. Ward ,  John Galen Scudder ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  Ian Michael Charles Shand ,  Gargi Nalawade

IPC分类号： H04L12/26

CPC分类号： H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L2212/00

摘要： A method of constructing a backup path in an autonomous system (AS) for failure of an inter-AS link is described. The method comprises identifying an alternate inter-AS path and constructing a tunnel to an end point on the alternate path.

摘要翻译： 描述了在自治系统（AS）中构建用于AS间链路故障的备用路径的方法。 该方法包括识别替代的AS间路径并构建到备用路径上的终点的隧道。

公开(公告)号：US07860115B1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-28

申请号：US10739238

申请日：2003-12-18

申请人： John Galen Scudder ,  David Delano Ward

发明人： John Galen Scudder ,  David Delano Ward

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  G06F15/173

CPC分类号： H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/026 ,  H04L45/46

摘要： Disclosed are, inter alia, methods, apparatus, data structures, computer-readable medium, mechanisms, and means for withdrawing routes based on a tag. One implementation receives one or more messages identifying multiple routes and a tag associated with the multiple routes. A routing database is updated to include the routes. A particular message associated with a route withdraw operation is received, with the particular message including an indication of the tag. The multiple routes are removed from the routing database in response to receiving the tag. For example, the tag may be a Border Gateway Protocol attribute, a Border Gateway Protocol communities attribute, or some other indication. When some devices do not support this feature, before other nodes will typically send to a particular device a message to withdraw multiple routes based on a tag, the particular device must first advertise that it has this capability and/or it will withdraw multiple routes based on a tag.

摘要翻译： 公开的方法，装置，数据结构，计算机可读介质，机构和用于基于标签撤回路线的装置。 一个实现接收一个或多个标识多个路由的消息和与多个路由相关联的标签。 更新路由数据库以包括路由。 接收与路由提取操作相关联的特定消息，其中特定消息包括标签的指示。 响应于接收到标签，多个路由从路由数据库中删除。 例如，标签可以是边界网关协议属性，边界网关协议社区属性或其他一些指示。 当某些设备不支持此功能时，在其他节点通常将特定设备发送基于标签撤销多个路由的消息之前，特定设备必须首先通告其具有此功能和/或将撤销多个路由 在标签上。

公开(公告)号：US07639688B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-29

申请号：US11183381

申请日：2005-07-18

申请人： Clarence Filsfils ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  John Galen Scudder ,  David D. Ward

发明人： Clarence Filsfils ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  John Galen Scudder ,  David D. Ward

IPC分类号： H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L45/742 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L63/10

摘要： A method and system for protecting valuable resources within an autonomous system network. Address prefixes within the system are designated as valuable and a flag bit is associated with the address within routing tables of routers of the network. Interfaces to border routers are identified and when packets are received at those interfaces, the packets are flagged with a flag or tag bit. The destination address of the received packet is compared to the flag bit associated with the valuable resource prefix, and if the packet is directed to that resource the packet is dropped and/or logged, but the packet is not forwarded to that resource. In specific cases an interface from an external source may be configured to not create the flag or tag bit, wherein that packet will be delivered to the destination prefix of the packet.

摘要翻译： 一种用于保护自治系统网络内有价值资源的方法和系统。 系统中的地址前缀被指定为有价值的，并且标志位与网络的路由器的路由表中的地址相关联。 识别到边界路由器的接口，并且当在这些接口处接收到分组时，分组被标记为标志或标记位。 将接收到的分组的目的地地址与与有价值的资源前缀相关联的标志位进行比较，并且如果分组指向该资源，则分组被丢弃和/或记录，但是分组不被转发到该资源。 在特定情况下，来自外部源的接口可以被配置为不创建标志或标记位，其中该分组将被传递到分组的目的地前缀。

公开(公告)号：US07355983B2

公开(公告)日：2008-04-08

申请号：US10775877

申请日：2004-02-10

申请人： John Galen Scudder ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  David D. Ward

发明人： John Galen Scudder ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  David D. Ward

IPC分类号： G01R31/08

CPC分类号： H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/22

摘要： A graceful shutdown technique modifies a routing protocol to allow an intermediate node, such as a router, to announce to its peer routers (peers) its intention to be gracefully shutdown and removed from service in a network. By announcing its intention to be removed from service, the shutdown router closes (terminates) all connections with its peers and all original routes advertised on those connections are removed (withdrawn) from service. According to the inventive technique, the shutdown router may continue forwarding packets over the network for a “grace” period of time, i.e., the router maintains the validity of those original routes so that packets mapped to the routes are not dropped (at least during the grace period). The grace period also allows backup paths to be propagated to each peer and put into service prior to a final withdrawal of the shutdown router's paths from a forwarding information base of the peer. Thus, the grace period enables the network to continue using the shutdown router as a next hop as it re-converges to use the alternate, backup paths.

摘要翻译： 优雅的关机技术修改路由协议，允许诸如路由器之类的中间节点向其对等路由器（对等体）通告其意图被正常关闭并从网络中的服务中删除。 关闭路由器通过宣布将其从服务中删除，关闭（终止）与对等体的所有连接，并将从这些连接发布的所有原始路由从服务中删除（撤销）。 根据本发明的技术，关闭路由器可以在“宽限”时间段内继续通过网络转发分组，即，路由器保持那些原始路由的有效性，使得映射到路由的分组不被丢弃（至少在 宽限期）。 宽限期还允许将备份路径传播到每个对等体，并在关闭路由器的路径从对等体的转发信息库最后提取之前投入使用。 因此，宽限期允许网络在重新收敛以使用备用路径时继续使用关闭路由器作为下一跳。

公开(公告)号：US07855953B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-21

申请号：US11254468

申请日：2005-10-20

申请人： Clarence Filsfils ,  John Galen Scudder ,  Stefano B. Previdi

发明人： Clarence Filsfils ,  John Galen Scudder ,  Stefano B. Previdi

IPC分类号： H04L12/26

CPC分类号： H04L45/22 ,  H04L12/4633 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/50

摘要： A method of managing forwarding of data in a first autonomous system (AS) is described. The first AS includes a plurality of border routers having inter-domain links to one or more remote AS's and an associated exterior communications protocol. The border routers use an interior communications protocol with other border routers in the first AS using primary tunnels. The method comprises the steps, performed at a first border router having a primary route via an inter-domain link to a remote AS, of constructing an alternate route to the remote AS via second border router in the first AS, instigating a backup tunnel to the second border router upon failure of the primary route and sending a failure message to the other border routers.

摘要翻译： 描述了在第一自治系统（AS）中管理数据转发的方法。 第一AS包括具有到一个或多个远程AS的域间链接和相关联的外部通信协议的多个边界路由器。 边界路由器使用内部通信协议与第一AS中的其他边界路由器使用主隧道。 该方法包括以下步骤：在具有通过到远程AS的域间链路的主路由的第一边界路由器上执行的步骤，通过第一AS中的第二边界路由器构建到远程AS的备用路由，将备用隧道引导到 主路由器故障时的第二个边界路由器，并向其他边界路由器发送故障消息。