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公开(公告)号：US20080110623A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-15
申请号：US12021089
申请日：2008-01-28
IPC分类号： E21B43/267 , C09K8/80
CPC分类号： C09K8/80 , C09K8/805 , E21B43/267
摘要： A method of fracturing using deformable proppants minimizes proppant pack damage, without compromising the fracturing fluid's proppant transport properties during pumping, by use of deformable proppants. Selection of proppant is dependent upon the mechanical properties of the formation rock. The strength of the deformable proppant is dependent upon the modulus of the formation rock being treated such that the proppant is capable of providing, at the very least, a minimum level of conductivity in in-situ stress environments. The maximum elastic modulus of the deformable proppant is less than the minimum modulus of the formation rock which is being treated. The method is particularly applicable in fracturing operations of subterranean reservoirs such as those comprised primarily of coal, chalk, limestone, dolomite, shale, siltstone, diatomite, etc.
摘要翻译： 使用可变形支撑剂进行压裂的方法通过使用可变形的支撑剂，最大限度地减少了支撑剂组件的损伤，而不会在泵送期间损害压裂液的支撑剂输送性能。 支撑剂的选择取决于地层岩石的机械性能。 可变形支撑剂的强度取决于待处理的地层岩石的模量，使得支撑剂能够至少在原位应力环境中提供最小的导电水平。 可变形支撑剂的最大弹性模量小于正在处理的地层岩石的最小模量。 该方法特别适用于主要由煤，白垩，石灰石，白云石，页岩，粉砂岩，硅藻土等组成的地下储层的压裂作业。
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公开(公告)号：US20060151170A1
公开(公告)日：2006-07-13
申请号：US11034388
申请日：2005-01-12
IPC分类号： E21B43/267
CPC分类号： C09K8/80 , C09K8/805 , E21B43/267
摘要： A method of fracturing using deformable proppants minimizes proppant pack damage, without compromising the fracturing fluid's proppant transport properties during pumping, by use of deformable proppants. Selection of proppant is dependent upon the mechanical properties of the formation rock. The strength of the deformable proppant is dependent upon the modulus of the formation rock being treated such that the proppant is capable of providing, at the very least, a minimum level of conductivity in in-situ stress environments. The maximum elastic modulus of the deformable proppant is less than the minimum modulus of the formation rock which is being treated. The method is particularly applicable in fracturing operations of subterranean reservoirs such as those comprised primarily of coal, chalk, limestone, dolomite, shale, siltstone, diatomite, etc.
摘要翻译： 使用可变形支撑剂进行压裂的方法通过使用可变形的支撑剂，最大限度地减少了支撑剂组件的损伤，而不会在泵送期间损害压裂液的支撑剂输送性能。 支撑剂的选择取决于地层岩石的机械性能。 可变形支撑剂的强度取决于待处理的地层岩石的模量，使得支撑剂能够至少在原位应力环境中提供最小的导电水平。 可变形支撑剂的最大弹性模量小于正在处理的地层岩石的最小模量。 该方法特别适用于主要由煤，白垩，石灰石，白云石，页岩，粉砂岩，硅藻土等组成的地下储层的压裂作业。
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3.发明申请Method of treating subterranean formations using mixed density proppants or sequential proppant stages 有权使用混合密度支撑剂或连续支撑剂阶段处理地下地层的方法公开(公告)号：US20080032898A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-07
申请号：US11708597
申请日：2007-02-20
申请人： Harold Brannon , William Wood , Randall Edgeman , Allan Rickards , Christopher Stephenson , Doug Walser , Mark Malone
发明人： Harold Brannon , William Wood , Randall Edgeman , Allan Rickards , Christopher Stephenson , Doug Walser , Mark Malone
IPC分类号： C09K8/02
CPC分类号： C09K8/62 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267 , Y10S507/924
摘要： An increase in effective propped lengths is evidenced in hydraulic fracturing treatments by the use of ultra lightweight (ULW) proppants. The ULW proppants have a density less than or equal to 2.45 g/cc and may be used as a mixture in a first proppant stage wherein at least one of the proppants is a ULW proppant. Alternatively, sequential proppant stages may be introduced into the formation wherein at least one of the proppant stages contain a ULW proppant and where at least one of the following conditions prevails: (i.) the density differential between the first proppant stage and the second proppant stage is greater than or equal to 0.2 g/cc; (ii.) both the first proppant stage and the second proppant stage contain a ULW proppant; (iii.) the rate of injection of the second proppant stage into the fracture is different from the rate of injection of the first proppant stage; or (iv.) the particle size of the second proppant stage is different from the particle size of the first proppant stage.
摘要翻译： 通过使用超轻质（ULW）支撑剂在水力压裂处理中证明有效支撑长度的增加。 ULW支撑剂具有小于或等于2.45g / cc的密度，并且可以在第一支撑剂阶段中用作混合物，其中至少一种支撑剂是ULW支撑剂。 或者，连续的支撑剂阶段可以被引入地层，其中支撑剂阶段中的至少一个包含ULW支撑剂，并且其中以下条件中的至少一个占优势：（i）第一支撑剂阶段和第二支撑剂之间的密度差 阶段大于或等于0.2g / cc; （ii）第一支撑剂阶段和第二支撑剂阶段都包含ULW支撑剂; （iii）第二支撑剂阶段进入裂缝的速率与第一支撑剂阶段的注入速率不同; 或（iv），第二支撑剂阶段的粒径不同于第一支撑剂阶段的粒度。
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4.发明申请METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS OF A STORABLE RELATIVELY LIGHTWEIGHT PROPPANT SLURRY FOR HYDRAULIC FRACTURING AND GRAVEL PACKING APPLICATIONS 有权用于液压破碎和砂浆包装应用的可靠的相对轻型推荐浆料的方法和组合公开(公告)号：US20080087429A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-17
申请号：US11951229
申请日：2007-12-05
IPC分类号： E21B43/267
摘要： Methods and compositions useful for subterranean formation treatments, such as hydraulic fracturing treatments and sand control that utilize relatively lightweight and/or substantially neutrally buoyant particulates. Particles that may be employed include particulates of naturally occurring materials that may be optionally strengthened or hardened by exposure to a modifying agent; porous materials including selectively configured porous material particles manufactured and/or treated with selected glazing materials, coating materials and/or penetrating materials; and well treating aggregates composed of an organic lightweight material and a weight modifying agent. The relatively lightweight particulate may be suspended as a substantially neutral buoyant particulate and stored with a carrier fluid as a pumpable slurry.
摘要翻译： 用于地下地层处理的方法和组合物，例如水力压裂处理和使用相对轻质和/或基本上中性浮力颗粒的砂控制。 可以使用的颗粒包括可以通过暴露于改性剂任选地加强或硬化的天然存在的材料的颗粒; 多孔材料包括用选择的玻璃材料，涂层材料和/或穿透材料制造和/或处理的选择性构造的多孔材料颗粒; 并且处理由有机轻质材料和重量调节剂组成的聚集体。 相对轻质的颗粒可以作为基本上中性的浮力颗粒悬浮并与作为可泵送浆料的载体流体一起储存。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20060065398A1
公开(公告)日：2006-03-30
申请号：US10954398
申请日：2004-09-30
IPC分类号： E21B43/267
摘要： A subterranean formation having natural fractures, which is to be subjected to hydraulic fracturing, is first pre-treated with an ultra lightweight (ULW) proppant having an average particle size between from about 12/20 to about 40/70. The small ULW proppant flows into the natural fractures and packs the fractures. The formation is then subjected to hydraulic fracturing. The pre-treatment serves to enhance the effective propped fracture length of the formation during the hydraulic fracturing by reducing the loss of fluid from the subsequently pumped fracturing fluid. The method is applicable to hydrocarbon bearing formations as well as non-hydrocarbon bearing formations and has particular applicability to coal beds.
摘要翻译： 首先用具有约12/20至40/70的平均粒度的超轻质（ULW）支撑剂对具有天然裂缝进行水力压裂的地层进行预处理。 小型ULW支撑剂流入天然骨折并包扎骨折。 然后对地层进行水力压裂。 预处理用于通过减少来自后续泵送压裂液的流体损失来提高水力压裂期间地层的有效支撑断裂长度。 该方法适用于含烃地层以及非烃类地层，对煤层具有特殊的适用性。
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6.发明申请Methods and compositions of a storable relatively lightweight proppant slurry for hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing applications 审中-公开用于水力压裂和砾石包装应用的可存储的相对轻质的支撑剂浆料的方法和组合物公开(公告)号：US20050028979A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-10
申请号：US10899823
申请日：2004-07-27
IPC分类号： C09K8/62 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267 , E21B43/26
摘要： Methods and compositions useful for subterranean formation treatments, such as hydraulic fracturing treatments and sand control that utilize relatively lightweight and/or substantially neutrally buoyant particulates. Particles that may be employed include particulates of naturally occurring materials that may be optionally strengthened or hardened by exposure to a modifying agent; porous materials including selectively configured porous material particles manufactured and/or treated with selected glazing materials, coating materials and/or penetrating materials; and well treating aggregates composed of an organic lightweight material and a weight modifying agent. The relatively lightweight particulate may be suspended as a substantially neutral buoyant particulate and stored with a carrier fluid as a pumpable slurry.
摘要翻译： 用于地下地层处理的方法和组合物，例如水力压裂处理和使用相对轻质和/或基本中性浮力颗粒物的砂控制。 可以使用的颗粒包括可以通过暴露于改性剂任选地加强或硬化的天然存在的材料的颗粒; 多孔材料包括用选择的玻璃材料，涂层材料和/或穿透材料制造和/或处理的选择性构造的多孔材料颗粒; 并且处理由有机轻质材料和重量调节剂组成的聚集体。 相对轻质的颗粒可以作为基本上中性的浮力颗粒悬浮并与作为可泵送浆料的载体流体一起储存。
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公开(公告)号：US20070193746A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-23
申请号：US11787269
申请日：2007-04-13
IPC分类号： E21B43/267
CPC分类号： C09K8/68 , C09K8/64 , E21B43/261 , E21B43/267 , Y10S507/924
摘要： A method of hydraulically fracturing a hydrocarbon-bearing subterranean formation ensures that the conductivity of water inflow below the productive zone of the subterranean formation is reduced. The method consists of two principal steps. In the first step, a fracture in and below the productive zone of the formation is initiated by introducing into the subterranean formation a fluid, free of a proppant, such as salt water, fresh water, brine, liquid hydrocarbon, and/or nitrogen or other gases. The proppant-free fluid may further be weighted. In the second step, a proppant laden slurry is introduced into the subterranean formation which contains a relatively lightweight density proppant. Either the fluid density of the proppant-free fluid is greater than the fluid density of the proppant laden slurry or the viscosity of the proppant-free fluid is greater than the viscosity of the proppant laden slurry. The method limits undesirable fracture height growth in the hydrocarbon-bearing subterranean formation during the fracturing.
摘要翻译： 一种含烃地层的水力压裂方法确保降低地层生产区下方的水流入的电导率。 该方法由两个主要步骤组成。 在第一步中，通过向地层中引入不含支撑剂的流体，例如盐水，淡水，盐水，液态烃和/或氮，或者 其他气体。 不含支撑剂的流体可以进一步加权。 在第二步中，将含有支撑剂的浆料引入包含相对较轻密度的支撑剂的地层中。 无支撑剂流体的流体密度大于负载载体的浆料的流体密度，或者不含支撑剂的流体的粘度大于负载载体浆料的粘度。 该方法在压裂期间限制含烃地层中不希望的裂缝高度增长。
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公开(公告)号：US20050016732A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-27
申请号：US10863731
申请日：2004-06-09
IPC分类号： E21B43/26 , E21B43/267 , E21B43/00
CPC分类号： C09K8/68 , C09K8/64 , E21B43/261 , E21B43/267 , Y10S507/924
摘要： A method of hydraulically fracturing a hydrocarbon-bearing subterranean formation ensures that the conductivity of water inflow below the productive zone of the subterranean formation is reduced. The method consists of two principal steps. In the first step, a fracture in and below the productive zone of the formation is initiated by introducing into the subterranean formation a fluid, free of a proppant, such as salt water, fresh water, brine, liquid hydrocarbon, and/or nitrogen or other gases. The proppant-free fluid may further be weighted. In the second step, a proppant laden slurry is introduced into the subterranean formation which contains a relatively lightweight density proppant. Either the fluid density of the proppant-free fluid is greater than the fluid density of the proppant laden slurry or the viscosity of the proppant-free fluid is greater than the viscosity of the proppant laden slurry. The method limits undesirable fracture height growth in the hydrocarbon-bearing subterranean formation during the fracturing.
摘要翻译： 一种含烃地层的水力压裂方法确保降低地层生产区下方的水流入的电导率。 该方法由两个主要步骤组成。 在第一步中，通过向地层中引入不含支撑剂的流体，例如盐水，淡水，盐水，液态烃和/或氮，或者 其他气体。 不含支撑剂的流体可以进一步加权。 在第二步中，将含有支撑剂的浆料引入包含相对较轻密度的支撑剂的地层中。 无支撑剂流体的流体密度大于负载载体的浆料的流体密度，或者不含支撑剂的流体的粘度大于负载载体浆料的粘度。 该方法在压裂期间限制含烃地层中不希望的裂缝高度增长。
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9.发明申请Well treating composition containing relatively lightweight proppant and acid 审中-公开含有相对轻质的支撑剂和酸的处理良好的组合物公开(公告)号：US20060073980A1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-06
申请号：US10954801
申请日：2004-09-30
申请人： Harold Brannon , Joel Boles , Allan Rickards , William Wood
发明人： Harold Brannon , Joel Boles , Allan Rickards , William Wood
CPC分类号： C09K8/74 , C09K8/72 , C09K8/80 , C09K8/805 , C09K2208/28 , E21B43/26 , E21B43/267
摘要： A well treating composition contains an aqueous acid and at least one relatively lightweight proppant, preferably having an apparent specific gravity (ASG) less than or equal to 2.45. The acid fracturing composition may used to acid fracture a hydrocarbon reservoir within a subterranean formation of an oil or gas well. The composition may further be used to stimulate the production of hydrocarbons. The proportion of relatively lightweight proppant to acid in the composition is such that the dimensional fracture conductivity (CfD) is in excess of 1.0. The aqueous acid typically has an ASG substantially equal to the ASG of the relatively lightweight particulate. As such, the relatively lightweight particulate is suspended in the aqueous acid.
摘要翻译： 处理良好的组合物含有酸水溶液和至少一种相对轻质的支撑剂，优选具有小于或等于2.45的表观比重（ASG）。 酸压裂组合物可以用于将油气井的地层内的烃储层酸化。 该组合物还可用于刺激烃的生产。 组合物中相对轻质的支撑剂与酸的比例使得尺寸断裂导电率（C max）超过1.0。 含水酸通常具有基本上等于相对轻质颗粒的ASG的ASG。 因此，相对轻质的颗粒悬浮在含水酸中。
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公开(公告)号：US20060258546A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-16
申请号：US11430296
申请日：2006-05-08
申请人： Harold Brannon , Allan Rickards , Phillip Kaufman
发明人： Harold Brannon , Allan Rickards , Phillip Kaufman
IPC分类号： C09K8/62
CPC分类号： E21B43/267 , C09K8/80 , C09K8/805 , Y10T428/2991 , Y10T428/2993 , Y10T428/2998
摘要： A structured composite is comprised of particulates having particle size distribution of at least two modes and a binder. The particle size distribution is preferably bi-modal or tri-modal. The composite may further contain a density-modifying agent for modifying the density of the composite. The particulates are preferably substantially spherical and may be ultra lightweight (ULW) materials. The resulting composites exhibit the requisite strength to survive downhole imposed stresses and temperatures.
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