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公开(公告)号：US4642664A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-10
申请号：US487401
申请日：1983-04-21
IPC分类号： H01L45/00
CPC分类号： H01L45/00
摘要： An electrical device is made by partially pyrolyzing polymer material by heating the material to between 500.degree. C. and 800.degree. C. Electrodes are applied to the material at two different locations to define an electrically active element therebetween. Devices made according to the teachings of the disclosure exhibit negative resistance in a portion of their voltage current domain and function as bi-directional electrical switches.
摘要翻译： 通过将材料加热至500℃至800℃，通过部分热解聚合物材料制成电子器件。电极在两个不同位置施加到材料上以在其间限定电活性元件。 根据本公开的教导制造的器件在其电压电流域的一部分中呈现负电阻并且用作双向电开关。
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2.发明授权Electrical temperature pyrolyzed polymer material detector and associated circuitry 失效电温热解聚合物材料检测器及相关电路
公开(公告)号：US4577979A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-25
申请号：US487378
申请日：1983-04-21
CPC分类号： G01K7/22
摘要： Temperature detectors are disclosed which employ, as their active elements, pieces of partially pyrolyzed polymer material which switch to a more highly conductive state under appropriate imposed electrical bias conditions when the ambient temperature increases above the switching temperature of the detector.
摘要翻译： 公开了温度检测器，其使用部分热解聚合物材料作为其有源元件，当环境温度升高到高于检测器的开关温度时，在适当的施加的电偏压条件下切换到更高导电状态。
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公开(公告)号：US5288444A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US39256
申请日：1987-04-17
IPC分类号： C04B35/622 , F27D1/00 , F27B9/04
CPC分类号： F27D1/0009 , C04B35/62272
摘要： Ceramic fibers formed by the pyrolysis of organosilicon preceramic polymers are provided with increased resistivity by treating the fibers in air at temperatures of less than 1,000.degree. C. to oxidize the free carbon content of the fibers.
摘要翻译： 通过有机硅预陶瓷聚合物的热解形成的陶瓷纤维通过在小于1000摄氏度的温度下处理空气中的纤维而提高了电阻率，以氧化纤维的游离碳含量。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4856179A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-15
申请号：US141077
申请日：1988-01-05
IPC分类号： H01L45/00
CPC分类号： H01L45/00 , Y10T29/49002 , Y10T29/49105
摘要： An electrical device is made by partially pyrolyzing polymer material by heating the material to between 500.degree. C. and 800.degree. C. Electrodes are applied to the material at two different locations to define an electrically active element therebetween. The device exhibits negative resistance in a portion of its voltage current domain and function as bi-directional electrical switches.This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 859,709, filed May 5, 1986, now abandoned, which is a divisional application of application ser. No. 487,401, filed Apr. 21, 1983, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,642,644.
摘要翻译： 通过将材料加热至500℃至800℃，通过部分热解聚合物材料制成电子器件。电极在两个不同位置施加到材料上以在其间限定电活性元件。 该器件在其电压电流域的一部分中呈现负电阻并且用作双向电开关。 这个应用程序是应用程序的延续。 1986年5月5日提交的第859,709号现在已经放弃，这是一个应用程序的分案申请。 1983年4月21日提交的美国专利第487,401号。 第4,642,644号。
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公开(公告)号：US4707423A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-17
申请号：US387075
申请日：1982-06-10
摘要： The present invention provides a rechargeable electric storage battery comprising an electrolyte containing charge-transporting positive ions and negative ions capable of intercalating into graphitic carbon, and oppositely charged graphitic carbon electrodes which are simultaneously intercalated by the positive ions and negative ions present in such electrolyte. The graphitic carbon electrodes may be provided in a variety of physical configurations. Such battery is believed to provide reasonably high power density and energy density characteristics, fabrication simplicity, a relatively long lifetime, and potential economic advantages.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种可再充电蓄电池，其包含含有电荷输送正离子和能够嵌入石墨碳的负离子的电解质，以及由电解质中存在的正离子和负离子同时插入的带电荷的石墨碳电极。 石墨碳电极可以以各种物理构型提供。 据信这样的电池提供相当高的功率密度和能量密度特性，制造简单性，相对长的寿命和潜在的经济优点。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4634546A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-06
申请号：US756528
申请日：1985-07-19
CPC分类号： H01B1/04 , C01B31/0415
摘要： An improved procedure is provided for increasing the electrical conductivity of graphite via intercalation. It has been found that fully halogenated hydrocarbons (as described) have the ability to substantially aid the intercalation of graphite by previously known intercalant mixtures of (a) fluorosulfonic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, or mixtures thereof, and (b) a boron trihalide, a tetrahalide of a Group IV element, a pentahalide of a Group V element, or mixtures thereof. The presence of a fully halogenated hydrocarbon, such as carbon tetrachloride, during the graphite intercalation reaction has been found to expedite the rate at which intercalation takes place and possibly enables the achievement of a greater electrical conductivity than would have otherwise been obtained. In a preferred embodiment the graphite carbon is present within a carbonaceous fibrous material at the time of its intercalation and the resulting product is substantially electrically oriented along the axis of the fiber.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种通过插层提高石墨电导率的改进方法。 已经发现，完全卤化的烃（如所述）具有通过先前已知的（a）氟磺酸，氯磺酸或其混合物的嵌入剂混合物和（b）三卤化硼， IV族元素的四卤化物，V族元素的五卤化物或其混合物。 已经发现在石墨插入反应期间存在完全卤化的烃如四氯化碳可以加速发生插入的速率，并且可能使得能够实现比原来获得的更大的电导率。 在优选的实施方案中，石墨碳在其插入时存在于碳质纤维材料内，并且所得产物沿着纤维的轴线基本上电定向。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4632775A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-30
申请号：US737769
申请日：1985-05-28
CPC分类号： H01B1/04 , C01B31/0415
摘要： An improved procedure is provided for increasing the electrical conductivity of graphite via intercalation. It has been found that sulfur trioxide has the ability to substantially aid the intercalation of graphite by previously known intercalants such as (a) fluorosulfonic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, or mixtures thereof, (b) a boron trihalide, a tetrahalide of a Group IV element, a pentahalide of a Group V element, or mixtures thereof, and (c) mixtures of (a) and (b). Such presence of sulfur trioxide during the graphite intercalation reaction has been found to expedite the rate at which intercalation takes place and possibly enables the achievement of a greater electrical conductivity than would have otherwise been obtained. In a preferred embodiment the graphitic carbon is present within a carbonaceous fibrous material at the time of its intercalation and the resulting product is substantially electrically oriented along the axis of the fiber.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种通过插层提高石墨电导率的改进方法。 已经发现，三氧化硫具有通过先前已知的插入剂例如（a）氟磺酸，氯磺酸或其混合物，（b）三卤化硼，IV族元素的四卤化物，基本上有助于石墨插入的能力 ，V族元素的五卤化物或其混合物，和（c）（a）和（b）的混合物。 已经发现在石墨插入反应期间这种三氧化硫的存在加速了发生插层的速率，并且可能实现比原来获得的更大的电导率。 在优选的实施方案中，石墨碳在其插入时存在于碳质纤维材料内，并且所得产物沿着纤维的轴线基本上电取向。
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公开(公告)号：US4873604A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-10
申请号：US750216
申请日：1985-07-01
CPC分类号： G01K7/22 , H01H85/0241 , H01H85/38 , H02H3/06 , H01H2085/385 , H02H9/02
摘要： A shunt device and a method are described for protecting electrical equipment when a fuse blows. The shunt device establishes a by-pass across the fuse for permitting a limited amount of current to begin to flow at a lower voltage than the fuse blowing voltage and before the fuse blows, thereby serving as a transitory relief valve for a portion of the current while minimizing or even substantially eliminating the inductive spike when the fuse blows. The shunt device is made of at least one pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (PPP) fiber having a selected switching voltage so that the PPP fiber switches to a low resistance state while the fuse is blowing. When the fuse and PPP characteristics are properly matched, the rate of change of the current with time is lowered, thus selectively decreasing the size of the voltage transients which occur after the fuse blows.
摘要翻译： 描述了分流装置和方法，用于在保险丝熔断时保护电气设备。 分流装置在保险丝上建立旁路，以允许有限量的电流以比熔丝熔断电压低的电压开始流动，并且在保险丝熔断之前，从而用作电流的一部分的临时溢流阀 同时在保险丝熔断时最小化甚至基本消除电感尖峰。 分流装置由至少一种具有所选择的开关电压的热解的聚丙烯腈（PPP）纤维制成，使得在保险丝熔断时，PPP光纤切换到低电阻状态。 当保险丝和PPP特性正确匹配时，电流随时间的变化率降低，从而选择性地减小保险丝熔断后发生的电压瞬变的大小。
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9.发明申请FILMS AND ARTICLES HAVING A BARRIER COATING DERIVED FROM CONCENTRATED AQUEOUS NANOCOMPOSITE DISPERSIONS 有权具有浓缩水性纳米复合物分散体衍生的裱纸涂层的薄膜和文章公开(公告)号：US20120208034A1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-16
申请号：US13453593
申请日：2012-04-23
CPC分类号： D21H19/40 , C08J2301/08 , C08J2467/02 , C08K3/34 , C08K3/346 , C08L21/00 , C09D7/61 , C09D7/70 , C09D167/02 , Y10T428/31667
摘要： Films or other articles having a barrier coating derived from a concentrated nanocomposite dispersion which includes a silicate filler and a matrix polymer dispersed in an aqueous medium. The dispersions are condensed by selectively removing liquid therefrom to provide high solids coating formulations.
摘要翻译： 具有衍生自浓缩纳米复合物分散体的阻隔涂层的膜或其它制品，其包括硅酸盐填料和分散在水性介质中的基质聚合物。 通过选择性地从其中除去液体来冷凝分散体以提供高固含量涂料制剂。
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公开(公告)号：US20090285722A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-19
申请号：US12383058
申请日：2009-03-19
申请人： Paul R. Soskey , Jerome F. Parmer, JR. , Harris A. Goldberg , Douglas P. Karim , Laxmi Samantara , Carrie A. Feeney , Michele Farrell
发明人： Paul R. Soskey , Jerome F. Parmer, JR. , Harris A. Goldberg , Douglas P. Karim , Laxmi Samantara , Carrie A. Feeney , Michele Farrell
CPC分类号： B01L3/50825 , A61B5/15003 , A61B5/150274 , A61B5/150351 , A61B5/150755 , A61B5/154 , B01L2200/12 , B01L2200/141 , B01L2200/16 , B01L2300/044 , B01L2300/12 , B01L2300/16 , B01L2300/161 , B01L2300/168
摘要： An evacuated container assembly suitable for use in connection with blood collection including: (a) a container member formed of a first polymeric material and having a sidewall and one or more openings; (b) a nanocomposite barrier coating disposed on the container member having a thickness of up to about 30 microns and being derived from an aqueous dispersion including (i) a dispersed barrier matrix polymer; and (ii) a substantially exfoliated silicate filler having an aspect ratio of more than 50; and (c) one or more sealing members disposed in the opening(s) operative to hermetically seal the cavity; wherein the cavity is evacuated and maintains a pressure below atmospheric pressure and exhibits a draw volume loss lower than that of a like assembly without a nanocomposite barrier film by a factor of at least 1.5.
摘要翻译： 适于与血液收集相关联的真空容器组件，包括：（a）由第一聚合物材料形成并具有侧壁和一个或多个开口的容器构件; （b）设置在所述容器构件上的厚度高达约30微米的纳米复合屏障涂层，其衍生自包含（i）分散的阻隔基质聚合物的水分散体; 和（ii）长宽比大于50的基本上剥离的硅酸盐填料; 和（c）设置在所述开口中的一个或多个密封构件，用于气密地密封所述空腔; 其中所述空腔被抽真空并保持低于大气压力的压力，并且显示比不具有至少1.5倍的纳米复合阻挡膜的类似组件的拉伸体积损失。
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