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公开(公告)号：US5014318A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-07
申请号：US439394
申请日：1989-10-25
申请人： Hartmut Schott , Dieter Seitzer , Heinz Gerhauser , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Ernst Eberlein , Stefan Krageloh , Rolf Kapust , Harald Popp
发明人： Hartmut Schott , Dieter Seitzer , Heinz Gerhauser , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Ernst Eberlein , Stefan Krageloh , Rolf Kapust , Harald Popp
摘要： Disclosed is an apparatus for checking audio signal processing systems. The apparatus has the following features:the apparatus is provided with a first input connection, to which the input signal of the audio processing system to be checked is transmitted, a second input connection, to which the output signal of said system is transmitted, and a signal processor.said signal processor ascertains the signal delay time of said system to be checked by means of correlating said signals received at said two input connections,said signal processor always composes the difference signal from said signal received at said first input connection during a specific time span and said signal received at said second input connection, lagging by the signal delay time,said signal processor ascertains the spectral composition of said signal received at said first input connection during said specific time span and of said respective difference signal,said signal processor ascertains the hearing threshold of the human ear from said spectral composition and compares the ascertained hearing threshold with the respective difference signal.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE89 / 00110 Sec。 371日期：1989年10月25日 102（e）日期1989年10月25日PCT提交1989年2月25日PCT公布。 公开号WO89 / 08357 日期为1989年9月8日。公开是用于检查音频信号处理系统的装置。 该装置具有以下特征：该装置具有第一输入连接，待检查的音频处理系统的输入信号被发送到该第一输入连接，传输所述系统的输出信号的第二输入连接;以及 信号处理器。 所述信号处理器通过将在所述两个输入连接处接收到的所述信号相关来确定要检查的所述系统的信号延迟时间，所述信号处理器总是在特定时间跨度期间组合来自在所述第一输入连接处接收的所述信号的差信号， 所述信号在所述第二输入连接处被接收，滞后于所述信号延迟时间，所述信号处理器确定在所述特定时间跨度期间在所述第一输入连接处接收到的所述信号的频谱组成以及所述各个差分信号，所述信号处理器确定听觉 阈值，并将所确定的听力阈值与相应的差分信号进行比较。
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公开(公告)号：US5742735A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-21
申请号：US295484
申请日：1994-08-25
申请人： Ernst Eberlein , Heinz Gerhauser , Harald Popp , Dieter Seitzer , Hartmut Schott , Karl Heinz Brandenburg
发明人： Ernst Eberlein , Heinz Gerhauser , Harald Popp , Dieter Seitzer , Hartmut Schott , Karl Heinz Brandenburg
CPC分类号： H04B1/667 , G10H1/0041 , G10H7/02 , G10L19/0208 , G10H2250/235
摘要： A digital adaptive transformation coding method for the transmission and/ortorage of audio signals, specifically music signals, wherein N scanned values of the audio signal are transformed into M spectral coefficients, and the coefficients are split up into frequency groups, quantized and then coded. The quantized maximum value of each frequency group is used to define the coarse variation of the spectrum. The same number of bits is assigned to all values in a frequency group. The bits are assigned to the individual frequency groups as a function of the quantized maximum value present in the particular frequency group. A multi-signal processor system is disclosed which is specifically designed for implementation of this method.
摘要翻译： 一种用于传输和/或存储音频信号，特别是音乐信号的数字自适应变换编码方法，其中音频信号的N个扫描值被变换为M个频谱系数，并将该系数分成频率组，然后被量化并随后编码 。 每个频率组的量化最大值用于定义频谱的粗略变化。 相同数量的位分配给频率组中的所有值。 这些位根据特定频率组中存在的量化最大值的函数分配给各个频率组。 公开了专门用于实施该方法的多信号处理器系统。
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3.发明授权Method for determining the type of coding to be selected for coding at least two signals 失效用于确定要选择用于编码至少两个信号的编码类型的方法
公开(公告)号：US5736943A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-07
申请号：US557046
申请日：1996-05-31
IPC分类号： G10L19/00 , G10L19/008 , G10L19/02 , H03M7/30 , H04B1/66 , H04H1/00 , H04H20/47 , H04H60/09 , H04N5/00 , H04S1/00 , D03M7/00
CPC分类号： H04S1/007 , G10L19/008 , H04B1/665
摘要： In the case of coding a plurality of signals which are not independent of e another, a selection of the suitable type of coding is made as a function of a similarity measure. According to one aspect of the invention, the similarity measure is determined by firstly coding one of the signals according to the intensity-stereo method and then decoding it in order to create a signal affected by coding error, whereupon the latter signal and the associated non-coded signal are transformed into the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, a selection or evaluation of the actually audible spectral components, as well as of the signal affected by coding error and of the associated signal not affected by coding error, is undertaken using a listening threshold which is determined by a psycho-acoustic calculation. Intensity-stereo coding is undertaken in the case of a high similarity measure, whereas otherwise a separate coding of the channels is performed.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP94 / 02250 Sec。 371日期：1996年5月31日 102（e）日期1996年5月31日PCT提交1994年7月8日PCT公布。 公开号WO95 / 08227 日期1995年3月23日在对不是彼此独立的多个信号进行编码的情况下，作为相似性度量的函数进行适当的编码类型的选择。 根据本发明的一个方面，通过首先根据强度立体声方法对信号之一进行编码，然后对其进行解码来确定相似性度量，以便产生受编码错误影响的信号，由此产生后一信号和相关联的非信号 编码信号被转换成频域。 在频域中，使用由精神病理学家确定的听力阈值来进行实际可听频谱分量的选择或评估，以及受编码错误影响的信号和不受编码错误影响的相关信号， 声学计算。 在高相似性度量的情况下进行强度立体声编码，否则执行信道的单独编码。
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公开(公告)号：US5701346A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-23
申请号：US704730
申请日：1996-09-12
摘要： In a method of coding a plurality of audio signals, the left and the right basic channel as well as the central channel are combined by joint stereo coding so as to obtain a jointly coded signal, which is decoded so as to provide simulated decoded signals. The simulated decoded signals and two surround channels are combined by matricization by means of a compatibility matrix so as to form compatible signals which are suitable for decoding by existing decoders. In order to avoid audible disturbances caused by excessive energy contents of the compatible signals, which would occur if joint stereo coding and decoding were carried out prior to carrying out the matricization, the compatible signals or the simulated decoded signals are dynamically weighted by means of a dynamic correction factor in such a way that the compatible signals are approximated with regard to their energy to the energy of signals which would be obtained if the two basic channels and the central channel as well as the surround channels were matricized directly.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP95 / 00378 371日期：1996年9月12日 102（e）日期1996年9月12日PCT提交1995年2月2日PCT公布。 公开号WO95 / 26083 日期1995年9月28日在一种对多个音频信号进行编码的方法中，通过联合立体声编码来组合左右基本频道以及中央频道，以获得联合编码的信号，其被解码为 提供模拟解码信号。 模拟的解码信号和两个环绕声道通过借助于兼容性矩阵的校准来组合，以形成适合于现有解码器解码的兼容信号。 为了避免由于兼容信号的能量含量过多引起的可听到的干扰，如果在执行基准化之前进行了联合的立体声编码和解码，则会发生兼容信号或模拟解码信号通过 动态校正因子，使得将兼容信号相对于其能量相对于如果两个基本信道和中央信道以及环绕信道被直接校准而获得的信号的能量近似即可。
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公开(公告)号：US5509017A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-16
申请号：US232094
申请日：1994-04-29
摘要： A process for simultaneous transmission of signals from N signal sources via a corresponding number of transmission channels, in which the individual signals are divided into blocks and the blocks are transformed into spectral coefficients by transformation or filtering, the spectral coefficients undergoing a data reduction process. The blocks belonging to the individual signals are divided into sections. The respective current sections of all signals are processed simultaneously. The permissible interference for each section is determined utilizing a perception-specific model, and a request of currently required overall transmission capacity is calculated. The allotment of maximum transmission capacity at disposal for each individual signal is calculated from the overall transmission capacity at disposal and the currently required overall transmission capacity. Each signal is coded and transmitted with the thus determined capacity.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE92 / 00905 Sec。 371日期1994年04月29日 102（e）日期1994年4月29日PCT提交1992年10月28日PCT公布。 出版物WO93 / 09645 日期：1993年5月13日。一种用于通过相应数量的传输信道从N个信号源同时传输信号的过程，其中各个信号被分成块，并且通过变换或滤波将块变换成频谱系数，频谱系数 正在进行数据简化过程。 属于各个信号的块被分成几个部分。 所有信号的各个电流部分同时被处理。 使用感知特定模型确定每个部分的容许干扰，并且计算当前所需的总传输容量的请求。 每个单独信号处理的最大传输容量的分配是根据处理的总体传输容量和当前所需的总传输容量计算的。 每个信号被编码并以这样确定的容量传输。
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6.发明授权Method for measuring the conservation of stereophonic audio signals and method for identifying jointly coded stereophonic audio signals 失效用于测量立体声音频信号的保存的方法和用于识别联合编码的立体声音频信号的方法
公开(公告)号：US5926553A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-20
申请号：US817749
申请日：1997-07-21
摘要： Jointly processed stereophonic audio signal properties are identified using a stereophonic signal as reference signal and creating a signal for testing by processing the stereophonic signal, e.g. by coding and subsequently decoding it. Both signals are transformed into the frequency domain to create representative spectral data for the respective subbands. Correlation coefficients are determined for each subband both of the reference signal and also of the signal for testing on the basis of the spectral data of the channels of the reference signal or of the signal for testing. From the comparison of the correlation coefficients belonging to the same subband, jointly processed stereophonic audio signals are detected if at least one of the correlation coefficients of the signal for testing greatly exceeds the correlation coefficient of the reference signal for the same subband.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP95 / 04008 Sec。 371日期1997年7月21日 102（e）日期1997年7月21日PCT提交1995年10月11日PCT公布。 出版物WO96 / 12384 日期：1996年04月25日使用立体声信号作为参考信号来识别立体声音频信号特性，并通过处理立体声信号来产生用于测试的信号。 通过编码并随后对其进行解码。 两个信号被转换成频域以产生各个子带的代表性光谱数据。 基于参考信号或测试信号的频谱数据，确定参考信号和测试信号的每个子带的相关系数。 从属于相同子带的相关系数的比较来看，如果用于测试的信号的相关系数中的至少一个大大超过相同子带的参考信号的相关系数，则检测出联合处理的立体声音频信号。
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公开(公告)号：US6115688A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US51347
申请日：1998-07-01
CPC分类号： H04B1/665
摘要： In coding of an audio signal, coded signals with low quality and bit rate on the one hand and coded signals with high quality and bit rate on the other hand are transmitted to a decoder. At first, the audio signal is coded with low bit rate and is transmitted to the decoder before an additional coded signal is transmitted to the decoder, which either alone or together with the first coded signal upon decoding thereof provides a decoded signal with high quality within the decoder. In this manner, a low-quality decoded signal is generated first in the decoder before decoding of the high-quality signal is possible.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP96 / 03609 Sec。 371日期：1998年7月1日 102（e）1998年7月1日PCT PCT 1996年8月16日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 14229 日期1997年04月17日在编码音频信号时，一方面具有低质量和比特率的编码信号和另一方面具有高质量和比特率的编码信号被传送到解码器。 首先，以低比特率对音频信号进行编码，并且在将附加的编码信号发送到解码器之前被传送到解码器，解码器单独或与解码时的第一编码信号一起提供高质量的解码信号 解码器。 以这种方式，在对高质量信号进行解码之前，首先在解码器中产生低质量的解码信号。
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8.发明授权Process for transmitting and/or storing digital signals of multiple channels 失效用于发送和/或存储多个信道的数字信号的过程
公开(公告)号：US5706309A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-06
申请号：US428235
申请日：1995-05-02
申请人： Ernst Eberlein , Jurgen Herre , Bernhard Grill , Dieter Seitzer
发明人： Ernst Eberlein , Jurgen Herre , Bernhard Grill , Dieter Seitzer
IPC分类号： G11B20/10 , G11B20/00 , G11B20/18 , H04B1/66 , H04B14/00 , H04H1/00 , H04H5/00 , H04H20/18 , H04H20/88 , H04N7/06 , H04N21/2365 , H04N21/434
CPC分类号： H04H20/88 , G11B20/00007 , H04N21/2368 , H04N21/4341 , H04N21/8106 , H04N7/06 , G11B20/00992
摘要： A process for transmitting and/or storing digital signals of multiple chals. This process is suited, in particular, for transmitting the five channels of 3/2 stereophony as well as for transmitting two stereo channels and three additional commentary channels. In this manner, by way of illustration, television programs with multi-language audio signals can be transmitted. This process is distinguished in that by reduction of the to-be-transmitted data, only a bit rate of 384 kbit/s is required for transmission. The reduction of the data is achieved by the K input channels being imaged in segments onto the N.ltoreq.K virtual spectral data channels, by the spectral data channels being quantized, coded, and transmitted taking into consideration the principles of psychoacoustics, and by K output channels being reproduced from the transmitted bit stream with the aid of a transmitted list from the N.ltoreq.K spectral data channels.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 01047 Sec。 371日期：1995年5月2日 102（e）日期1995年5月2日PCT提交1993年11月2日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 10758 日期1994年5月11日用于发送和/或存储多个信道的数字信号的过程。 该过程特别适用于传输3/2立体声的五个通道，以及用于发送两个立体声通道和三个额外的评论通道。 以这种方式，作为说明，可以发送具有多语言音频信号的电视节目。 该过程的区别在于通过减少要发送的数据，传输需要384kbit / s的比特率。 通过被考虑到心理声学原理的量化，编码和传输的频谱数据信道，由K个输入信道以片段成像到N个K个虚拟频谱数据信道上来实现数据的减少，并且通过 借助于来自N个K个频谱数据信道的发送列表，从发送的比特流再现K个输出信道。
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9.发明授权Process for reducing data in the transmission and/or storage of digital signals from several interdependent channels 失效用于减少来自几个相互依赖的信道的数字信号的传输和/或存储中的数据的过程
公开(公告)号：US5703999A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-30
申请号：US751456
申请日：1996-11-18
摘要： A process for reducing data in the transmission and/or storage of digital signals of several interdependent channels is described. As the signals from the channels are not independent of one another, an additional data quantity reduction is possible during transmission. In known processes for the coding of signals from two stereo channels, in the case of an unfavorable signal composition interference can be caused by the coding process and cannot be concealed by the signal actually present in the channel and consequently reduce listening enjoyment. In the process according to the invention and with the aid of the spectral values of corresponding blocks of several channels, there is a balancing of the necessary data rate for a separate coding of the two channels and for a joint coding. There is a joint coding of the channels for as long as the data rate for the joint coding does not exceed by a predeterminable value the data rate for the separate coding of the particular channel. In this case the spectral values of the corresponding blocks are similar, so that a joint coding is preferred. In the case of highly dissimilar signals the balancing leads to a separate transmission of the signals. In order to ensure that there is no interference, temporarily no use is made of the joint coding of several channels.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于减少数个相互依赖的信道的数字信号的发送和/或存储中的数据的过程。 由于来自信道的信号不是彼此独立的，所以在传输期间可以进一步减少数据量。 在用于编码来自两个立体声信道的信号的已知过程中，在不利的信号组合的情况下，可能由编码过程引起干扰，并且不能被实际存在于信道中的信号所隐藏，从而减少听觉享受。 在根据本发明的过程中并且借助于几个信道的相应块的频谱值，存在对于两个信道的单独编码和联合编码的必要数据速率的平衡。 只要联合编码的数据速率不超过特定信道的单独编码的数据速率的可预定值，则存在信道的联合编码。 在这种情况下，相应块的频谱值是相似的，因此优选联合编码。 在高度不相似信号的情况下，平衡导致信号的单独传输。 为了确保没有干扰，暂时没有使用几个通道的联合编码。
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公开(公告)号：US06450040B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-17
申请号：US09600422
申请日：2000-08-22
申请人： Bernd Dorsch , Hans-Peter Hohe , Dieter Seitzer
发明人： Bernd Dorsch , Hans-Peter Hohe , Dieter Seitzer
IPC分类号： G01B716
摘要： A force/torque sensor has a semiconductor region which is adapted to be subjected to a force or torque. Two control electrodes are provided on a first and a second side of the semiconductor region, the sides being arranged in spaced, opposed relationship with one another, and a current through the semiconductor region being producible between the control electrodes. Two sensor electrodes are provided on a third and a fourth side of the semiconductor region, the sides being also arranged in spaced, opposed relationship with one another and extending essentially at right angles to said first and second sides. A force or torque applied to the semiconductor region is determinable by detecting a voltage present between the sensor electrodes when a current flows between the control electrodes. The semiconductor region is formed by the channel of a field effect transistor, the drain an source electrodes of said field effect transistor defining the control electrodes.
摘要翻译： 力/扭矩传感器具有适于受到力或扭矩的半导体区域。 两个控制电极设置在半导体区域的第一和第二侧上，这些侧面以彼此间隔开的对置关系布置，并且通过半导体区域的电流可在控制电极之间产生。 两个传感器电极设置在半导体区域的第三和第四侧上，这些侧面也以彼此间隔开的对置关系布置并基本上与所述第一和第二侧基本成直角地延伸。 施加到半导体区域的力或扭矩可以通过在电流在控制电极之间流动时检测传感器电极之间的电压来确定。 半导体区域由场效应晶体管的沟道形成，漏极由所述场效应晶体管的源电极限定控制电极。
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