Abstract:
A process for separating low molecular weight compounds from a crude polycaproamide melt comprises heat treating the melt in vacuo with superheated steam, in an extruder having a plurality of degassing zones, under precise conditions of temperature, pressure and configuration, such that the occurrence of side reactions and dehydration of the melt are substantially eliminated, the molecular weight of the polymer during the heat treatment in vacuo, during transport and subsequent processing remains substantially unchanged, a residual content of low molecular weight compounds of .ltoreq.1.8% is achieved, and the operating flexibility of the process is increased.
Abstract:
A liquid developer and a charge control substance for developing positively charged electrostatic charge images. The developer comprises an electrically insulating carrier liquid having a high resistance and a low dielectric constant and which contains a pigment or dye, a resinous binder, the charge control substance and conventional additives in dispersion or solution. The charge control substance is a negative-controlling graft copolymer soluble in an aliphatic hydrocarbon and is obtained by grafting a carboxylic acid N-alkenylamide onto polymers soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons used as the carrier liquid. The carboxylic acid N-alkenylamide is a compound of the formula: ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl,R.sub.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, andR.sub.2 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenyl.
Abstract:
A layer of selenium is removed from a metal base by contacting the layer with a fluid which contains an amine or a mercaptan at a temperature in the range between about 60.degree. and 150.degree. C. and then contacting the layer with an inert fluid at a temperature not exceeding 40.degree. C.
Abstract:
A photosensitive printing plate for use in flexographic printing is disclosed, comprising(a) a transparent, flexible, dimensionally stable plastic film support,(b) an adhesive layer comprising a chlorosulfonated polyethylene, and(c) a light-hardenable layer comprising an elastomer.In the plate, adhesion of the light-hardenable layer to the support is improved.Additionally a process for the production of said printing plate is disclosed, comprising the steps of:coating a transparent, flexible, dimensionally stable plastic film with an adhesive layer comprising a chlorosulfonated polyethylene;applying a light-hardenable layer comprising an elastomer to the adhesive layer; andexposing the light-hardenable layer through the plastic film without using an original such that a thin, light-hardened lower stratum is formed on that side of the light-hardenable layer which is in contact with the adhesive layer.
Abstract:
A presensitized printing plate suitable for waterless planographic printing is disclosed which comprises a layer support, a radiation-sensitive layer containing(a) a compound possessing at least one C--O--C bond, which can be split by acid(b) a compound forming a strong acid upon irradiation, and(c) a water-insoluble binder, an outer, ink-repellent, crosslinked silicone elastomer layer, and an intermediate layer comprising amorphous silicic acid by which the adhesion of the silicone elastomer layer to the radiation-sensitive layer is improved. The photosensitivity of this printing plate is considerably improved, as compared to known negative-working printing plates that can be used for waterless offset printing. The processes of making and using the presensitized printing plate are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A tool for applying the margins of a metal foil strip which is adhesively bonded to the edge of a glass article onto the broad surfaces of the article comprises a handle having a pair of elongated arms merging into the handle and extending therefrom to straddle the edge of the article. The flanks have guide surfaces inclined to the longitudinal dimension of the tool to ride upon the edge of the article and surfaces which press the marginal portion of the strip onto the broad surfaces of the glass.
Abstract:
A liquid developer containing negatively charged toner particles for developing electrostatic charge images, comprising a carrier liquid having a high electrical resistivity and a low dielectric constant, a pigment or dye constituent, a resinous binder, a charge controller and conventional additives, wherein the pigment or dye constituent is dispersed in a solution of styrene/butadiene copolymer binder in the carrier liquid; and a process for preparing the liquid developer by mixing a dispersion of the pigment or dye constituent in a solution of the copolymer binder in the carrier liquid with a solution of the charge controller in the carrier liquid.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a liquid developer for developing electrostatic images which comprises an electrically insulating carrier liquid having dispersed therein pigmented polymer particles composed of pigment particles encapsulated by polymeric material and having a particle size in the range of about 0.1 to 12 .mu.m. The invention also includes a process for the preparation of the liquid developer.
Abstract:
A pliers for gripping small pieces of glass to be ground as a support foot which can ride on a surface from which the grinder projects and a clamping jaw which can hold the piece of glass against a resting surface formed on this foot.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for removing samples from a plastic melt for measuring the rheological properties of the plastic melt in which melt samples are removed from melt in a melt channel through a hollow probe arranged transversely of the direction of flow of the melt, the probe having an opening for the inlet of the melt samples. The probe is elongated and is displaceable along its axis in a direction transverse of the melt channel while being rotatable around its axis so that the inlet in the probe can be placed in various positions in the melt cross section. The opening of the probe is disposed at the periphery of a circle lying in a radial plane around the longitudinal axis whereby samples can be obtained in a three-dimensionally extending region.