摘要:
A hydroprocessing process includes two hydroprocessing reaction stages, both of which produce a liquid and a vapor effluent, and a liquid-vapor contacting stage. The first stage vapor effluent contains impurities, such as heteroatom compounds, which are removed from the vapor by contact with processed liquid effluent derived from one or both reaction stages and, optionally, also liquid recovered from processed vapor. The first and contact stage liquid effluents are passed into the second stage to finish the hydoprocessing. The contact and second stage vapor effluents are cooled to recover additional hydroprocessed product liquid.
摘要:
A three stage hydroprocessing process includes two liquid and one vapor reaction stages, both of which produce an effluent comprising liquid and vapor. Both vapor effluents comprise vaporized hydrocarbonaceous material. Fresh hydrogen is used for the hydroprocessing in both liquid stages. The second stage liquid effluent comprises the product liquid. The first stage liquid effluent is the feed for the second stage. The first stage vapor effluent is hydroprocessed in the vapor stage and then cooled to condense and recover at least a portion of the processed vapor as additional product liquid.
摘要:
A hydroprocessing process includes a cocurrent flow liquid reaction stage, a countercurrent flow liquid reaction stage and a vapor reaction stage in which feed components are catalytically hydroprocessed by reacting with hydrogen. Both liquid stages both produce a liquid and a vapor effluent, with the cocurrent stage liquid effluent the feed for the countercurrent stage and the countercurrent stage liquid effluent the hydroprocessed product liquid. Both liquid stage vapor effluents are combined and catalytically reacted with hydrogen in a vapor reaction stage, to form a hydroprocessed vapor. This vapor is cooled to condense and recover a portion of the hydroprocessed hydrocarbonaceous vapor components as additional product liquid. The uncondensed vapor is rich in hydrogen and is cleaned up if necessary, to remove contaminants, and then recycled back into the cocurrent stage as hydrogen-containing treat gas. Fresh hydrogen is introduced into the countercurrent stage and the countercurrent stage effluent contains sufficient, and preferably all of the hydrogen for the vapor stage reaction.
摘要:
A three stage hydroprocessing process includes two liquid and one vapor reaction stages, with a hydrogen containing vapor effluent produced in both liquid stages. The second liquid stage vapor effluent comprises part of the first liquid stage feed and the first liquid stage vapor effluent is the feed for the vapor stage. At least a portion of the hydrogen for the first liquid stage and vapor stage reactions is respectively provided by the hydrogen in the second and first liquid stage vapor effluents.
摘要:
A distillate fuel feed is hydrotreated to remove heteroatoms and then separated into light and heavy hydrotreated fractions, with the heavy fraction catalytically dewaxed to improve low temperature properties. The hydrotreating and dewaxing are conducted in separate stages, which may be in the same reactor vessel. Fresh hydrogen may be passed into the dewaxing stage, with the dewaxing stage gaseous effluent then passed into the hydrotreating stage to provide hydrogen for the hydrotreating. Existing hydrotreating reaction vessels and facilities may be retrofitted to add one or more dewaxing stages.
摘要:
A reactor is provided for reacting a liquid with a treat gas in the presence of a catalyst, the reactor comprising a continuous wall enclosing a first reaction zone, wherein the first reaction zone includes a catalyst for causing a desired reaction between the liquid and the treat gas; a liquid inlet above the first reaction zone for allowing an unreacted portion of the liquid to enter the reactor; a gas inlet below the first reaction zone for allowing an unreacted portion of the treat gas to enter the reactor; a liquid outlet below the first reaction zone for allowing a reacted portion of the liquid to exit the reactor; a gas outlet above the first reaction zone for allowing a reacted portion of the treat gas to exit the reactor; and a liquid bypass device in the first reaction zone for allowing a portion of the liquid to bypass a portion of the first reaction zone, the liquid bypass device including a liquid bypass regulating device for regulating the amount of liquid which bypasses the first reaction zone. In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of reaction zones are present, and a liquid distribution tray is disposed above each reaction zone. Preferably, the liquid bypass device creates a hydrostatic seal with the liquid accumulating in the distribution tray so that the timing and extent of liquid bypass is self-regulating based on predefined flooding conditions.
摘要:
Disclosed is a catalytic cracking process which includes more than one catalytic cracking reaction step. The process integrates a hydroprocessing step between the catalytic cracking reaction steps in order to maximize olefins production, distillate quality and octane level of the overall cracked product. Preferably, the hydroprocessing step is included between the reaction stages, and a portion of the hydroprocessed products, i.e., a naphtha and mid distillate fraction, is combined with cracked product for further separation and hydroprocessing. It is also preferred that the first catalytic cracking reaction step be a short contact time reaction step.
摘要:
A process for the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of the multiple condensed ring heterocyclic organosulfur compounds present in petroleum and chemical streams. The stream is passed through at least one reaction zone countercurrent to the flow of a hydrogen-containing treat gas, and through at least one sorbent zone. The reaction zone contains a bed of Group VIII metal-containing hydrodesulfurization catalyst and the sorbent zone contains a bed of hydrogen sulfide sorbent material.
摘要:
Disclosed is a catalytic cracking process that includes more than one catalytic cracking reaction step. The process integrates catalytic cracking steps with hydroprocessing in order to maximize olefins production, distillate quality and octane level of the overall cracked product. Preferably, one hydroprocessing step is included between the cat cracking reaction steps, and a portion of the hydroprocessed products, i.e., a naphtha and mid distillate fraction, is combined with cracked product for further separation and hydroprocessing. It is also preferred that the first catalytic cracking reaction step be a short contact time reaction step.
摘要:
A process for upgrading a liquid petroleum or chemical stream wherein said feedstream flows countercurrent to the flow of a treat gas, such as a hydrogen-containing gas, in at least one reaction zone. The feedstream is treated so that it is substantially free of particulate matter and foulant precursors.