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公开(公告)号：US4905206A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-27
申请号：US369656
申请日：1989-06-20
申请人： Hisashi Nishiyama , Kageyoshi Katakura , Toshio Ogawa , Satoshi Tamano , Koji Tanabe , Shizuo Ishikawa
发明人： Hisashi Nishiyama , Kageyoshi Katakura , Toshio Ogawa , Satoshi Tamano , Koji Tanabe , Shizuo Ishikawa
CPC分类号： G01F1/663 , G01S15/582 , G01S15/584
摘要： A flow meter, in which pulsed continuous ultrasonic wave is transmitted towards an object at predetermined intervals T to obtain a phase vector from a reception signal of wave reflected by the object and which calculates a Doppler frequency from the average value of phase differences between phase vectors at the sampling interval T to obtain a signal indicating the speed of the object, comprising a phase difference calculator by the auto-correlation method, by which a plurality of phase difference vectors indicating phase differences between phase vectors are added, the argument of the sum vector thus obtained representing the average phase difference, or a phase difference calculator by the 2-axial-component method, by which a phase difference is divided into 2 axial components, a cosine value and a sine value, and the average phase difference is obtained by using the average value for each of the components, and a phase difference calculator by the phase difference averaging calculator, by which a plurality of phase differences are added, as they are, to obtain the average thereof, in order to obtain a phase difference average value having small errors by switching them.
摘要翻译： 一种流量计，其中脉冲连续超声波以预定间隔T朝向物体传输，以从由物体反射的波的接收信号中获得相位矢量，并根据相位矢量之间的相位差的平均值计算多普勒频率 以采样间隔T，以获得指示对象速度的信号，包括通过自相关方法的相位差计算器，通过该相关方法将表示相位矢量之间的相位差的多个相位差矢量相加， 或通过2-轴分量法的相位差计算器，将相位差分成2个轴向分量，余弦值和正弦值，得到平均相位差 通过使用每个分量的平均值，以及通过相位差平均计算的相位差计算器 或者通过其相加多个相位差来获得其平均值，以便通过切换来获得具有较小误差的相位差平均值。
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公开(公告)号：US4884448A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-05
申请号：US230972
申请日：1988-08-11
CPC分类号： G01S15/582 , G01P5/244 , G01N2291/02836
摘要： A ultrasonic Doppler meter for measuring the speed of a moving body by measuring the phase shift due to the Doppler effect on received signals, comprising a transmitting/receiving unit transmitting ultrasonic bursts with a constant time interval towards the moving body and receiving reflected waves; a unit for measuring a phase difference vector representing a difference between phases of received signals corresponding to two successive transmitted pulses; a unit for calculating a difference between phase differences on the basis of two successive phase difference vectors stated above; and an accumulation unit for adding the difference between phase differences to a preceeding phase difference vector so as to obtain the speed of the moving object.
摘要翻译： 一种超声波多普勒测量仪，用于通过测量由于对接收信号的多普勒效应引起的相位偏移来测量移动体的速度，该发射/接收单元以恒定的时间间隔向移动体发射超声波脉冲并接收反射波; 用于测量表示对应于两个连续发送脉冲的接收信号的相位差之间的相位差矢量的单元; 基于上述两个连续的相位差矢量来计算相位差之差的单元; 以及累积单元，用于将相位差之间的差加到先前的相位差矢量上，以获得移动物体的速度。
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公开(公告)号：US4955386A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-11
申请号：US456608
申请日：1989-12-27
CPC分类号： G01S15/582 , G01P5/244 , G01S15/52 , G01S15/584
摘要： A pulse doppler apparatus transmits a ultrasonic sound wave at transmission intervals T and T+Ts alternately and iteratively, detects the phase difference attributable to the doppler shift in the reflected sound wave signal at the interval T and the phase difference in the reflected signal at the interval T+Ts sequentially, detects the difference between both phase differences, and transforms the difference into a doppler frequency. The apparatus includes an MTI filter which exerts the same filtering characteristics on the reflected sound signals at both intervals T and T+Ts.
摘要翻译： 脉冲多普勒装置以传输间隔T和T + Ts交替地和迭代地发送超声波，以间隔T检测归因于反射声波信号中的多普勒频移的相位差，以及反射信号中的相位差 间隔T + Ts顺序地检测两个相位差之间的差异，并将该差变换为多普勒频率。 该装置包括在间隔T和T + Ts处对反射声音信号施加相同滤波特性的MTI滤波器。
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公开(公告)号：US5111825A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-12
申请号：US609657
申请日：1990-11-06
CPC分类号： G01S15/582 , A61B8/06 , G01S15/584
摘要： A flow meter for detecting a flow speed in such a manner that an ultrasonic pulsed continuous wave is repeatedly transmitted toward an object at predetermined intervals T, a phase vector indicative of the phase of a reception signal due to the reflected wave is produced at the predetermined intervals, the phase difference between the present phase vector and the preceding phase vector is detected, and a Doppler frequency is calculated from the average value of a plurality of phase difference values to obtain the speed of the object. The phase difference values are classified into a first group consisting of position phase difference values and a second group consisting of negative phase difference values, the cosine and sine values of the central angle of the positive phase difference values and the cosine and sine values of the central angle of the negative phase difference values are calculated, and the argument of a vector indicated by the weighted sum of cosine values and the weighted sum of sine values is calculated to be used as an average phase angle.
摘要翻译： 一种用于以这样的方式检测流速的流量计，即超声波脉冲连续波以预定间隔T被重复地传送到物体，产生指示由于反射波引起的接收信号的相位的相位矢量， 检测当前相位矢量和前一相位矢量之间的相位差，并根据多个相位差值的平均值计算多普勒频率，以获得对象的速度。 相位差值被分为由位置相位差值组成的第一组和由负相位差值组成的第二组，正相位差的中心角的余弦和正弦值以及正相位差的余弦和正弦值 计算负相位差值的中心角，并且计算由余弦值的加权和指示的矢量的自变量和正弦值的加权和，以用作平均相位角。
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公开(公告)号：US4809703A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-07
申请号：US101444
申请日：1987-09-28
CPC分类号： G01S15/582 , A61B8/06
摘要： An ultrasonic Doppler blood flow meter comprises a transmit-receive transducer transmitting ultrasonic wave toward and into a living body and receiving an echo signal, quadrature detectors detecting a real (R) component and an imaginary (I) component of the receiving echo signal respectively, A/D converters converting analog output signals of the quadrature detectors into digital signals respectively, a converter subjecting the R and I components to quadrature transformation to generate output signals representing the absolute value and phase angle (.theta.) respectively of the received echo signal, and a signal processing circuit calculating the mean value of the differences (.DELTA..theta..sub.i =.theta..sub.i -.theta..sub.i-1) between the phase angles (.theta..sub.i) and their preceding ones (.theta..sub.i-1) detected when the ultrasonic wave is transmitted and the echo signal is received a predetermined number of times. In the signal processing circuit, the phase angle differences (.DELTA..theta.) are each resolved into an X-axis component (cos .DELTA..theta.) and a Y-axis component (sin.DELTA..theta.), and, after calculation of the mean values X and Y of n consecutive X-axis and Y-axis components respectively, the mean Doppler shift phase angle .DELTA..theta.=tan.sup.-1 (Y/X) is calculated on the basis of the calculated mean values X and Y.
摘要翻译： 一种超声波多普勒血流计包括发射 - 接收传感器，其向生物体传送超声波并接收回波信号，正交检测器分别检测接收回波信号的实部（R）分量和虚部（I）分量， A / D转换器将正交检测器的模拟输出信号分别转换为数字信号，转换器对R和I分量进行正交变换，以产生表示接收到的回波信号的绝对值和相位角（θ）的输出信号，以及 信号处理电路，计算在超声波传输时检测到的相位角（θi）和它们之前的相位角（θi-1）之间的差值（ΔTATA=θi-θi-1） 回波信号被接收预定次数。 在信号处理电路中，相位角差（DELTAθ）分别被分解为X轴分量（cosDTATA）和Y轴分量（sinΔTATAθ），并且在计算平均值和上限＆amp; X 和n个连续的X轴和Y轴分量的＆amp; upbar＆Y，平均多普勒频移相位角DELTAθ= tan-1（＆upbar＆Y /＆upbar＆X）是基于计算的平均值＆upbar＆X和＆upbar＆Y 。
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公开(公告)号：US4751847A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-21
申请号：US5900
申请日：1987-01-22
CPC分类号： G01S7/52085 , G01S15/582
摘要： A phase difference comparison type of ultrasonic velocity meter repeatingly transmitting acoustic waves in the form of pulses at alternate time intervals: T-T.sub.S and T+T.sub.S, receiving reflected waves generated by the transmission of these waves and reflected on an object, forming first and second mixed waves by mixing the reception signal obtained from the reflected waves with two reference waves having phases shifted 90 degrees from each other, detecting the phase difference between the present vectors representing the first and second mixed waves and similar vectors which have been obtained with respect to the preceding pulse transmission, detecting the phase difference Q between the phase difference caused in relation to the time interval T-T.sub.S and the phase difference caused in relation to the time interval T+T.sub.S with respect to a phase difference obtained each time a pulse is transmitted, and calculating the Droppler shift angle frequency .omega.d from .omega.d=Q/2T.sub.S.
摘要翻译： 超声波速度计的相位差比较类型以交替的时间间隔重复地以脉冲形式发射声波：T-TS和T + TS，接收由这些波的传播产生并反射在物体上的反射波，形成第一和 通过将从反射波获得的接收信号与具有相位偏移90度的相位的两个参考波混合来检测表示第一和第二混合波的当前矢量之间的相位差以及相对于已经获得的相似矢量的第二混合波 检测相对于时间间隔T-TS引起的相位差与相对于时间间隔T + TS的相位差相对于每次获得的相位差产生的相位差的相位差Q 并且从ωd = Q / 2TS计算滴管移位角频率ωd。
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公开(公告)号：US5107466A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-21
申请号：US611541
申请日：1990-11-13
CPC分类号： G01F1/663 , G01P5/244 , G01S15/582 , G01S15/584
摘要： A flow meter for detecting the average speed of an object in such a manner that an ultrasonic pulsed continuous wave is repeatedly transmitted toward the object to obtain a phase vector from the reception signal of the wave reflected from the object, the phase difference between consecutive ones of phase vectors obtained at an interval T equal to the period of transmitted wave is detected, a plurality of phase difference values are added and averaged to obtain an average phase difference value, and a Doppler frequency is calculated from the average phase difference value to obtain the average speed of the object, in which in order to remove an error caused by aliasing of an angle in the course of the arithmetic operation for obtaining the average phase difference value, a plurality of presumed average phase difference values having the error are calculated from the average phase difference value, the difference between the change of a phase caused by adding the phase difference values successively and the change of phase based upon each of the presumed average phase difference values is estimated to select the most appropriate one of the presumed average phase difference values, and the selected average phase difference value is used as a corrected average phase difference value.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测物体的平均速度的流量计，使得超声波脉冲连续波从物体反射的反射的接收信号中朝向物体反复传送，得到相位矢量，连续的相位差之间的相位差 检测以等于发送波周期的间隔T获得的相位矢量，将多个相位差相加并平均以获得平均相位差值，并根据平均相位差值计算多普勒频率，以获得 为了消除在用于获得平均相位差值的算术运算过程中由角度的混叠引起的误差，物体的平均速度，具有误差的多个推定平均相位差值由 平均相位差值，通过相加差相加引起的相位变化之间的差异 估计基于每个推定的平均相位差值的相位变化，以选择假定的平均相位差值中最合适的一个，并且将所选择的平均相位差值用作校正的平均相位差值。
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公开(公告)号：US4995397A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-26
申请号：US413060
申请日：1989-09-27
CPC分类号： G01P5/244 , G01S15/52 , G01S15/582 , G01S15/584
摘要： In a pulse Doppler flow speed meter in which ultrasonic wave pulses are transmitted repetitively at transmission intervals T and thereafter transmitted repetitively at transmission intervals (T+Ts), phases of reflected waves due to reflection of individual transmission pulses are measured sequentially to provide phase signals and the phase signals are subjected to frequency analysis to determine speed distributions, distributions of phase differences between phase signals corresponding to transmission pulses transmitted at the transmission intervals T and distributions of phase differences between phase signals corresponding to transmission pulses transmitted at the transmission intervals (T+Ts) are determined. A value of center of gravity of the former phase difference distributions and a value of center of gravity of the latter phase difference distributions are determined and then a phase difference between the two values of center of gravity is determined. Obtained from the phase difference are values of Doppler shift angle, according to which the former and latter phase difference distributions are shifted so as to be compensated for their aliasing.
摘要翻译： 在脉冲多普勒流速计中，以传输间隔T重复地发送超声波脉冲，然后以传输间隔（T + Ts）重复地发射，顺序地测量由各个传输脉冲的反射引起的反射波相位，以提供相位信号 并对相位信号进行频率分析，以确定速度分布，对应于在传输间隔T发送的传输脉冲的相位信号之间的相位差的分布，以及对应于以传输间隔（T）发送的传输脉冲的相位信号之间的相位差的分布 + Ts）。 确定前一相位差分布的重心值和后一相位差分布的重心值，然后确定两个重心值之间的相位差。 从相位差中获得的是多普勒频移角的值，根据该值，前者和后面的相位差分布被移位以便对其混叠进行补偿。
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公开(公告)号：US4679176A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-07
申请号：US673945
申请日：1984-11-21
CPC分类号： G01S7/52025 , G10K11/346
摘要： In an ultrasonic imaging apparatus, when a sampling time space determined corresponding to the respective phases of receiving signals from transducer elements adjacent to each other is shorter than the settling time of sample and hold circuits, these receiving signals are sampled at the same time. Noise is prevented from being mixed with the sample and hold values of these signals.
摘要翻译： 在超声波成像装置中，当相应于来自相邻的换能器元件的接收信号的相位确定的采样时间空间比采样和保持电路的建立时间短时，这些接收信号被同时采样。 防止噪声与这些信号的采样和保持值混合。
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公开(公告)号：US4974558A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-04
申请号：US769805
申请日：1985-08-27
CPC分类号： G01S7/52046 , A61B8/14 , G01S15/89 , G10K11/341
摘要： In an ultrasonodiagnostic tomography apparatus for transmitting focused sound wave from a plurality of transducers forming an array to a predetermined focus point and for carrying out beam formation for receiving sound from said focus point with dynamic focusing, wherein the width of transmission beam at said focus point is controlled by means of said transducers so that the width of transmission beam at said focus point may be larger than the width of receiving beam from said focus point.
摘要翻译： 在用于将形成阵列的多个换能器的聚焦声波发送到预定焦点并且用于通过动态聚焦执行用于从所述焦点接收声音的波束形成的超声诊断断层摄影装置中，其中在所述焦点处的发射束的宽度 通过所述换能器来控制，使得在所述焦点处的透射束的宽度可以大于从所述聚焦点的接收光束的宽度。
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