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公开(公告)号：US4076594A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-28
申请号：US729858
申请日：1976-10-04
摘要： Formic acid is purified by extractive distillation of its aqueous solutions using a basic extractant, followed by distillation of the bottom mixture first obtained, the extractant used being N-formylmorpholine.
摘要翻译： 甲酸通过使用碱性萃取剂萃取蒸馏其水溶液进行纯化，然后蒸馏首先获得的底部混合物，所用萃取剂为N-甲酰基吗啉。
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公开(公告)号：US4217460A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-12
申请号：US893953
申请日：1978-04-06
CPC分类号： C07C51/48 , Y10S203/22
摘要： Carboxylic acids of the general formula IR.sup.1 -COOH Iwhere R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or vinyl, are isolated from their dilute aqueous solutions by extraction followed by distillation of the mixtures obtained, the extractant used being a secondary amide of the general formula II ##STR1## where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl or conjointly are 1,4- or 1,5-alkylene, in each case of not more than 8 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the sum of the carbon atoms of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is from 7 to 14 and that only one of these radicals is aryl, and where R.sup.4 is one of the radicals R.sup.1.
摘要翻译： 通过萃取从其稀释的水溶液中分离通式为I，R 1 -COOH的通式ⅠR1 -COOH I的羧酸，然后蒸馏得到的混合物，所用的萃取剂是通式 II，其中R 2和R 3是烷基，环烷基，芳基或芳烷基或联合地为1,4-或1,5-亚烷基，在每种情况下不超过8个碳原子，条件是 R 2和R 3的碳原子为7至14，并且这些基团中只有一个为芳基，并且其中R 4为基团R 1之一。
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公开(公告)号：US5206433A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-27
申请号：US732265
申请日：1985-05-09
IPC分类号： C07C53/02 , B01J31/00 , B01J31/02 , C07B61/00 , C07C27/00 , C07C27/02 , C07C51/00 , C07C51/09 , C07C67/00
CPC分类号： C07C51/09
摘要： Anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid is prepared by hydrolyzing methyl formate in the presence of a formamide and then obtaining the formic acid from the hydrolysis mixture by distillation, by a method in which the hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of 0.5-3 moles, per mole of methyl formate, of a water-soluble formamide of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl or together form an alkylene group, giving a 5-membered to 7-membered ring, with the proviso that the sum of the carbon atoms in R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is 5 or 6 and, in the case of an alkylene group, a carbon atom which is not directly bonded to the N atom can be replaced by an oxygen atom.
摘要翻译： 通过在甲酰胺存在下水解甲酸甲酯，然后通过蒸馏从水解混合物中获得甲酸，通过在0.5-3摩尔的存在下进行水解的方法制备无水或基本上无水的甲酸， 每摩尔甲酸甲酯，通式I的水溶性甲酰胺，其中R 1和R 2各自是烷基或一起形成亚烷基，得到5元至7元环，条件是 R1和R2中的碳原子的和为5或6，在亚烷基的情况下，与N原子不直接键合的碳原子可以被氧原子代替。
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公开(公告)号：US4218568A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-19
申请号：US945878
申请日：1978-09-26
CPC分类号： C07C51/09
摘要： Formic acid is prepared by hydrolyzing methyl formate, the hydrolysis being carried out in the presence of from 0.5 to 3.0 moles, per mole of methyl formate, of a base which contains tertiary nitrogen atoms, boils at not less than 180.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure and has a pKa from 4 to 9, N-substituted imidazole derivatives being the preferred bases.
摘要翻译： 甲酸通过水解甲酸甲酯制备，水解在0.5-3.0摩尔存在下，每摩尔甲酸甲酯，含有叔氮原子的碱，在大气压下沸腾至不低于180℃ pKa为4〜9，N-取代咪唑衍生物为优选的碱。
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公开(公告)号：US4002539A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US508162
申请日：1974-09-23
申请人： Max Strohmeyer , Werner Hagen , Heinz Hohenschutz
发明人： Max Strohmeyer , Werner Hagen , Heinz Hohenschutz
IPC分类号： C07C53/122 , C07C27/00 , C07C27/20 , C07C45/00 , C07C45/50 , C07C51/00 , C07C51/02 , C07C51/487 , C07C53/124 , C07C67/00 , B01D3/34
CPC分类号： C07C51/02 , C07C45/50 , C07C51/487
摘要： A process for isolating carboxylic acids from residues of the oxo reaction which are obtained as residues, on hydroformylation of ethylene or propylene, optionally after removing a part of the aldehydes produced, subsequent hydrogenation, treatment with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solutions and subsequent distillation, wherein the residues are acidified with strong mineral acids to a pH of from 2-4, the acidified mixture not containing more than 5 parts by weight of water per part by weight of the carboxylic acids contained in the mixture, the organic phase is then separated off and the carboxylic acids are isolated therefrom by distillation at pressures below 150 mbar. The carboxylic acids obtained can be used as solvents or for the manufacture of esters.
摘要翻译： 从羰基反应的残留物中分离出羧酸的方法，其作为残余物，在乙烯或丙烯的加氢甲酰化作用下，任选地在除去一部分所生成的醛后，随后氢化，用碱金属氢氧化物水溶液处理和随后的蒸馏而获得，其中 残留物用强无机酸酸化至pH为2-4，酸化混合物不含每重量份混合物中所含的羧酸5重量份以上的水，然后将有机相分离 并且通过在低于150毫巴的压力下蒸馏分离羧酸。 所得羧酸可用作溶剂或用于制备酯。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3957684A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-18
申请号：US482251
申请日：1974-06-24
摘要： Solutions of cobalt carbonyl and cobalt carbonyl hydride in organic solvents are prepared by treating aqueous solutions of cobalt salts with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at a temperature of from 50.degree. to 200.degree.C and a pressure of from 50 to 500 atmospheres in the presence of solvents which are sparingly water-miscible or are water-immiscible and which have a content of cobalt carbonyl, cobalt carbonyl hydride or mixtures thereof, the starting materials and the organic solvents being passed cocurrently through a zone in which a turbulent flow is maintained. The improvement includes using n-butanol as solvent. Solutions of cobalt carbonyl and cobalt carbonyl hydride in n-butanol are suitable as catalyst solutions for oxo syntheses.
摘要翻译： 羰基钴和羰基氢化钴在有机溶剂中的溶液通过在溶剂存在下，在50至200℃的温度和50-500大气压的条件下处理钴盐与一氧化碳和氢气的水溶液来制备 其易于水混溶或与水不混溶并且具有钴羰基钴，羰基氢化钴或其混合物的含量，原料和有机溶剂并流通过维持湍流的区域。 改进之处在于使用正丁醇作为溶剂。 羰基羰基钴和羰基氢化钴在正丁醇中的溶液适合用作氧代合成的催化剂溶液。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3932523A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-13
申请号：US542709
申请日：1975-01-20
申请人： Max Strohmeyer , Helmut Walz , Max Appl , Hans Moell , Horst Kerber , Heinz Hohenschutz
发明人： Max Strohmeyer , Helmut Walz , Max Appl , Hans Moell , Horst Kerber , Heinz Hohenschutz
CPC分类号： C07C45/50
摘要： The formation of an emulsion when working up reaction mixtures containing butyraldehydes and cobalt is avoided by a treatment with gases containing molecular oxygen in an aqueous acid medium at an elevated temperature, at least twice the amount of molecular oxygen stoichiometrically required for the oxidation of the cobalt being used per gram atom of cobalt present in the oxoreaction mixture.
摘要翻译： 在加工含有丁醛和钴的反应混合物时，通过在含水酸性介质中在高温下含有分子氧的气体处理，避免形成乳液，至少是钴氧化所需的化学计量分子量的两倍 每克原子存在于氧化反应混合物中的钴被使用。
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公开(公告)号：US4314947A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-09
申请号：US971662
申请日：1978-12-21
CPC分类号： C07C67/08 , C07C67/54 , Y10S203/06
摘要： A process for completing the esterification of aliphatic carboxylic acids of 1 to 8 carbon atoms with aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols of 3 to 10 carbon atoms at the boiling point of the alcohol in a column operated with bottom heating, the lower space of the column being free from fitments, the middle space being provided with a packing and the upper space being provided with a packing or other fitments, in which process the water of esterification is driven off at the top of the column by azeotropic distillation, the starting mixture is fed into the side of the column from 5 to 10 m above the liquid level, the ester formed is taken off as liquid from the column bottom, and the column is operated with flooding such that the liquid level is from 6 to 10 m, with the liquid mixture filling the lower column space, which is free from fitments, and the lower part of the packed layer above the said space.
摘要翻译： 一个完成在1至8个碳原子的脂肪族羧酸酯化的脂肪族或脂环族醇的3至10个碳原子的醇在醇的沸点下进行底部加热操作的柱子，该柱的较低空间是自由的 中间空间设置有填料，上部空间设置有填料或其他配件，在该方法中，通过共沸蒸馏将酯化水从顶部排出，将起始混合物送入 在液面以上5〜10米的塔侧，所形成的酯作为液体从柱底部取出，并且柱以泛液流动操作，液面为6〜10微米，液体为液体 混合物填充下部柱空间，其没有配件，并且填充层的下部在所述空间上方。
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公开(公告)号：US4198531A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-15
申请号：US842304
申请日：1977-10-14
申请人： Franz Merger , Max Strohmeyer , Gerhard Sandrock , Heinz Hohenschutz , Ludwig Schroff , Gerhard Nestler
发明人： Franz Merger , Max Strohmeyer , Gerhard Sandrock , Heinz Hohenschutz , Ludwig Schroff , Gerhard Nestler
CPC分类号： C07C37/14
摘要： p-alkylphenols are manufactured by continuous reaction of phenol with olefins in the presence of a pulverulent polystyrenesulfonic acid ion exchanger which is suspended in the reaction mixture.
摘要翻译： 在烷基苯酚是通过苯酚与烯烃在悬浮在反应混合物中的粉状聚苯乙烯磺酸离子交换剂存在下的连续反应来制备的。
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公开(公告)号：US4173589A
公开(公告)日：1979-11-06
申请号：US844648
申请日：1977-10-25
IPC分类号： C07C45/00 , C07C45/50 , C07C45/82 , C07C47/02 , C07C49/82 , C07C67/00 , C07C45/24 , C07C45/08
CPC分类号： C07C45/50
摘要： Oxo aldehydes containing iron pentacarbonyl are purified by distilling them in the presence of air.
摘要翻译： 含有五羰基铁的氧醛通过在空气存在下蒸馏来纯化。
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