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1.发明授权Overcurrent protection circuits comprising combinations of PTC devices and switches 失效包括PTC器件和开关组合的过电流保护电路
公开(公告)号：US5864458A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-26
申请号：US564465
申请日：1995-11-29
申请人： Hugh Duffy , Justin Chiang , John Midgley
发明人： Hugh Duffy , Justin Chiang , John Midgley
摘要： Electrical circuit protection arrangements with PTC devices and mechanical switches. The combinations of this invention permit the use of mechanical switches and PTC devices to switch voltages and currents in normal circuit operations, wherein the voltage and/or current ratings of the mechanical switches and PTC devices are much less than the normal operating voltages and currents of the circuits. This feature permits the use of smaller and less expensive mechanical switches and PTC device than would otherwise be required in such circuits. The arrangements of switches and PTC devices also permit the PTC devices to limit the magnitude of the fault current passed to the circuit.
摘要翻译： 带PTC器件和机械开关的电路保护装置。 本发明的组合允许使用机械开关和PTC装置在正常电路操作中切换电压和电流，其中机械开关和PTC装置的电压和/或电流额定值远低于正常工作电压和 电路。 该特征允许使用比在这样的电路中要求的更小和更便宜的机械开关和PTC装置。 开关和PTC器件的布置也允许PTC器件限制传递到电路的故障电流的大小。
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2.发明授权Circuit protection arrangements using ground fault interrupter for overcurrent and overvoltage protection 失效使用接地故障断路器进行过流保护和过电压保护的电路保护装置
公开(公告)号：US5745322A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US563321
申请日：1995-11-28
申请人： Hugh Duffy , Justin Chiang , John Midgley , Brian Thomas
发明人： Hugh Duffy , Justin Chiang , John Midgley , Brian Thomas
摘要： An electrical protection system which uses a ground fault interrupter (GFI) to protect a circuit from (A) ground faults and (B) overcurrents and/or overvoltages. For overcurrent protection, a control element may be coupled in series with the line or return input to the GFI, and a bypass element may be coupled in parallel with the control element and the GFI. In case of an overcurrent, the control element causes current to be diverted through the bypass element, thereby creating a current imbalance in the GFI circuitry causing the GFI to open the circuit. For overvoltage protection, a bypass element (e.g. a varistor) may be coupled between, e.g., the line sense input of the GFI and the return sense input of the GFI. In case of an overvoltage, the bypass element conducts current, thereby creating a current imbalance in the GFI circuitry causing the GFI to open the circuit.
摘要翻译： 一种使用接地故障中断器（GFI）来保护电路免受（A）接地故障和（B）过电流和/或过电压的电气保护系统。 对于过电流保护，控制元件可以与GFI的线路或返回输入串联耦合，并且旁路元件可以与控制元件和GFI并联耦合。 在过电流的情况下，控制元件使电流通过旁路元件转移，从而在GFI电路中产生电流不平衡，导致GFI打开电路。 对于过电压保护，旁路元件（例如变阻器）可以耦合在例如GFI的线路感测输入和GFI的返回检测输入之间。 在过压的情况下，旁路元件导通电流，从而在GFI电路中产生电流不平衡，导致GFI打开电路。
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公开(公告)号：US06606023B2
公开(公告)日：2003-08-12
申请号：US09060278
申请日：1998-04-14
IPC分类号： H01L713
CPC分类号： H01C13/02 , H01C1/1406 , H01C7/027 , H01C7/13 , H01C17/006
摘要： A composite circuit protection device includes a laminar insulating member and first and second laminar circuit protection devices. Each of the first and second laminar circuit protection devices includes (1) a first laminar electrode, (2) a second laminar electrode, (3) a laminar PTC resistive element which (i) exhibits PTC behavior, (ii) has a first face to which the first electrode is secured and an opposite second face to which the second electrode is secured, and (iii) defines first and second apertures which run between the first and second faces, (4) a third laminar conductive member which (i) is secured to the second face of the PTC resistive element in the area of the first aperture, and (ii) is spaced apart from the second electrode, (5) a fourth laminar conductive member which (i) is secured to the first face of the PTC resistive element in the area of the second aperture, and (ii) is spaced apart from the first electrode, (6) a first transverse conductive member which lies within the first aperture defined by the PTC resistive element, runs between the first and second faces of the PTC element, is secured to the PTC element, and is physically and electrically connected to the first laminar electrode and to the third laminar conductive member, but is not connected to the second laminar electrode, and (7) a second transverse conductive member which lies within the second aperture defined by the PTC resistive element, runs between the first and second faces of the PTC element, is secured to the PTC element, and is physically and electrically connected to the second laminar electrode and to the fourth laminar conductive member, but is not connected to the first laminar electrode. The first and second laminar devices are physically secured together in a stacked configuration, with the laminar insulating member between them; and the devices are connected together electrically by interfacial electrical connections between adjacent electrodes and laminar conductive members so that when an electrical power supply is connected to (i) one of the electrodes and (ii) the third or fourth laminar member on the same face of the PTC resistive element as the electrode (i), the first and second laminar circuit protection devices are connected electrically in parallel.
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公开(公告)号：US07053748B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-30
申请号：US10637369
申请日：2003-08-07
IPC分类号： H01C7/10
CPC分类号： H01C13/02 , H01C1/1406 , H01C7/027 , H01C7/13 , H01C17/006
摘要： A composite circuit protection device includes a laminar insulating member and first and second laminar circuit protection devices. Each of the first and second laminar circuit protection devices includes (1) a first laminar electrode, (2) a second laminar electrode, (3) a laminar PTC resistive element which (i) exhibits PTC behavior, (ii) has a first face to which the first electrode is secured and an opposite second face to which the second electrode is secured, and (iii) defines first and second apertures which run between the first and second faces, (4) a third laminar conductive member which (i) is secured to the second face of the PTC resistive element in the area of the first aperture, and (ii) is spaced apart from the second electrode, (5) a fourth laminar conductive member which (i) is secured to the first face of the PTC resistive element in the area of the second aperture, and (ii) is spaced apart from the first electrode, (6) a first transverse conductive member which lies within the first aperture defined by the PTC resistive element, runs between the first and second faces of the PTC element, is secured to the PTC element, and is physically and electrically connected to the first laminar electrode and to the third laminar conductive member, but is not connected to the second laminar electrode, and (7) a second transverse conductive member which lies within the second aperture defined by the PTC resistive element, runs between the first and second faces of the PTC element, is secured to the PTC element, and is physically and electrically connected to the second laminar electrode and to the fourth laminar conductive member, but is not connected to the first laminar electrode. The first and second laminar devices are physically secured together in a stacked configuration, with the laminar insulating member between them; and the devices are connected together electrically by interfacial electrical connections between adjacent electrodes and laminar conductive members so that when an electrical power supply is connected to (i) one of the electrodes and (ii) the third or fourth laminar member on the same face of the PTC resistive element as the electrode (i), the first and second laminar circuit protection devices are connected electrically in parallel.
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5.发明授权Power line protection devices and methods for providing overload protection to multiple outputs 失效电力线路保护装置和为多个输出提供过载保护的方法公开(公告)号：US06222716B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-24
申请号：US09282004
申请日：1999-03-29
申请人： Justin Chiang , Adrian I. Cogan , Paul Wiener
发明人： Justin Chiang , Adrian I. Cogan , Paul Wiener
IPC分类号： H02H504
CPC分类号： H02H1/04 , H02H5/041 , Y10T307/826
摘要： A method and apparatus for providing a more reliable protection device and an improved PIC power integrated switch. Accordingly, the over-temperature status of the switch as well as the overcurrent status of each of a plurality of ports of the switch are detected. If there is over-temperature, ports with the overcurrent status are identified as a potential cause. These ports are then switched off. After a predetermined waiting time period during which the switch temperature is expected to decrease, the over-temperature status of the switch is again checked. If the over-temperature disappears, then the ports with non-overcurrent status remain on. However, if the over-temperature persists, then all of the ports are turned off. The improved PIC switch thus increases the dynamic operation range of the conventional PIC switch, while ensuring normal operations.
摘要翻译： 一种用于提供更可靠的保护装置和改进的PIC功率集成开关的方法和装置。 因此，检测开关的过温状态以及开关的多个端口中的每一个的过电流状态。 如果存在过温，则具有过电流状态的端口被识别为潜在原因。 然后关闭这些端口。 在期望开关温度降低的预定等待时间段之后，再次检查开关的过热状态。 如果过温消失，则具有非过流状态的端口保持开启状态。 但是，如果过热仍然存在，则所有端口都关闭。 因此，改进的PIC开关因此增加了常规PIC开关的动态工作范围，同时确保正常操作。
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