Switching apparatus and method for multiple traffic classes
    1.
    发明授权
    Switching apparatus and method for multiple traffic classes 失效
    多种业务类的交换设备和方法

    公开(公告)号:US5742606A

    公开(公告)日:1998-04-21

    申请号:US663091

    申请日:1996-10-30

    摘要: In a communication switch with input and output queueing, which handles different priority classes of traffic (e.g. video and audio applications with a high priority, and file transfers and e-mail as low priority traffic), the invention provides a timed shut-off mechanism at each input queue. This mechanism is activated when an input queue attempting to transmit low-priority traffic gets a backpressure signal. The mechanism interrupts further attempts to transmit low priority traffic for a predetermined period of T switching cell cycles. Hence, during the shut-off periods, the output queue is only used by the high priority traffic. Therefore, the performance of the high priority traffic is preserved.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 03727 Sec。 371日期1996年10月30日 102(e)日期1996年10月30日PCT提交1993年12月31日PCT公布。 第WO95 / 18499号公报 日期1995年7月6日在具有输入和输出排队的通信交换机中,其处理不同优先级的业务(例如,具有高优先级的视频和音频应用,以及文件传输和电子邮件作为低优先级业务),本发明提供了一种 每个输入队列的定时关闭机制。 当机构尝试传输低优先级流量的输入队列获得背压信号时,该机制被激活。 该机制在T个切换小区周期的预定周期中中断进一步尝试发送低优先级业务。 因此,在关闭期间,输出队列仅由高优先级流量使用。 因此,保持高优先级流量的性能。

    Wear-level of cells/pages/sub-pages/blocks of a memory
    2.
    发明授权
    Wear-level of cells/pages/sub-pages/blocks of a memory 有权
    存储器的单元/页/子页/块的磨损级别

    公开(公告)号:US09170933B2

    公开(公告)日:2015-10-27

    申请号:US13700545

    申请日:2011-06-06

    IPC分类号: G06F9/312 G06F12/02 G11C16/34

    摘要: A method for wear-leveling cells, pages, sub-pages or blocks of a memory such as a flash memory includes receiving (S10) a chunk of data to be written on the cell, page, sub-page or block of the memory; counting (S40), in the received chunk of data, a number of times a given type of binary data ‘0’ or ‘1’ is to be written; and distributing (S50) the writing of the received chunk of data among cells, pages, sub-pages or blocks of the memory such as to wear-level the memory with respect to the number of the given type of binary data ‘0’ or ‘1’ counted in the chunk of data to be written.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于对诸如闪速存储器的存储器的单元,页,子页或块进行磨损均衡的方法包括:接收(S10)要写入存储器的单元,页,子页或块的数据块; 在接收到的数据块中计数(S40)多少次给定类型的二进制数据“0”或“1”被写入; 并且分配(S50)在所述存储器的单元,页面,子页面或块之间写入所接收的数据块,以便相对于给定类型的二进制数据“0”的数量对存储器进行磨损级别 “1”计入要写入的数据块中。

    Valid page threshold based garbage collection for solid state drive
    3.
    发明授权
    Valid page threshold based garbage collection for solid state drive 有权
    基于固态驱动器的基于页面阈值的垃圾回收

    公开(公告)号:US08799561B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-08-05

    申请号:US13560065

    申请日:2012-07-27

    IPC分类号: G06F12/02

    摘要: A method for garbage collection in a solid state drive (SSD) includes determining whether the SSD is idle by a garbage collection module of the SSD; based on determining that the SSD is idle, determining a victim block from a plurality of memory blocks of the SSD; determining a number of valid pages in the victim block; comparing the determined number of valid pages in the victim block to a valid page threshold; and based on the number of valid pages in the victim block being less than the valid page threshold, issuing a garbage collection request for the victim block.

    摘要翻译: 一种在固态硬盘(SSD)中进行垃圾收集的方法,包括:通过SSD的垃圾收集模块确定SSD是否空闲; 基于确定所述SSD是空闲的,从所述SSD的多个存储块中确定受害者块; 确定受害者块中的有效页数; 将确定的受害者块中的有效页面数量与有效页面阈值进行比较; 并且基于受害者块中的有效页面的数量小于有效页面阈值,向受害者块发布垃圾回收请求。

    Solid-state storage system with parallel access of multiple flash/PCM devices
    4.
    发明授权
    Solid-state storage system with parallel access of multiple flash/PCM devices 有权
    具有并行访问多个闪存/ PCM设备的固态存储系统

    公开(公告)号:US08495471B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-07-23

    申请号:US12627364

    申请日:2009-11-30

    IPC分类号: G11C29/00

    CPC分类号: G06F11/1028 G11C29/765

    摘要: Systems and methods are provided that confront the problem of failed storage integrated circuits (ICs) in a solid state drive (SSD) by using a fault-tolerant architecture along with one error correction code (ECC) mechanism for random/burst error corrections and an L-fold interleaving mechanism. The systems and methods described herein keep the SSD operational when one or more integrated circuits fail and allow the recovery of previously stored data from failed integrated circuits and allow random/burst errors to be corrected in other operational integrated circuits. These systems and methods replace the failed integrated circuits with fully functional/operational integrated circuits treated herein as spare integrated circuits. Furthermore, these systems and methods improve I/O performance in terms of maximum achievable read/write data rate.

    摘要翻译: 提供了通过使用容错架构以及用于随机/突发错误校正的一个纠错码(ECC)机制来解决固态驱动器(SSD)中的故障存储集成电路(IC)的问题的系统和方法,以及 L折叠交织机制。 当一个或多个集成电路出现故障并且允许从故障集成电路恢复先前存储的数据并且允许在其他操作集成电路中校正随机/突发错误时,本文描述的系统和方法保持SSD的可操作性。 这些系统和方法用作为备用集成电路处理的全功能/可操作集成电路来代替故障集成电路。 此外,这些系统和方法在最大可实现的读/写数据速率方面提高了I / O性能。

    Intra-block memory wear leveling
    5.
    发明授权
    Intra-block memory wear leveling 失效
    内部块内存损耗均衡

    公开(公告)号:US08495281B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-07-23

    申请号:US12630991

    申请日:2009-12-04

    IPC分类号: G06F12/00

    摘要: A method for intra-block wear leveling within solid-state memory subjected to wear, having a plurality of memory cells includes the step of writing to at least certain ones of the plurality of memory cells, in a non-uniform manner, such as to balance the wear of the at least certain ones of the plurality of memory cells within the solid-state memory, at intra-block level. For example, if a behavior of at least some of the plurality of memory cells is not characterized, then the method may comprise characterizing a behavior of at least some of the plurality of memory cells and writing to at least certain ones of the plurality of memory cells, based on the characterized behavior, and in a non-uniform manner.

    摘要翻译: 在具有多个存储单元的固态存储器内部进行具有多个存储单元的固态存储器内的块内损耗均衡的方法包括以非均匀方式写入多个存储单元中的至少某些存储单元的步骤, 在块内级别平衡固态存储器内的多个存储单元中的至少某些存储器单元的磨损。 例如,如果多个存储器单元中的至少一些存储器单元的行为没有被表征,则该方法可以包括表征多个存储器单元中的至少一些的行为,并写入多个存储器中的至少某些存储器 基于表征的行为,并且以不均匀的方式。

    WEAR-LEVEL OF CELLS/PAGES/SUB-PAGES/BLOCKS OF A MEMORY
    6.
    发明申请
    WEAR-LEVEL OF CELLS/PAGES/SUB-PAGES/BLOCKS OF A MEMORY 有权
    细胞/页/子页面/记忆体的层数

    公开(公告)号:US20130166827A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-06-27

    申请号:US13700545

    申请日:2011-06-06

    IPC分类号: G06F12/02

    摘要: The invention is directed to a method for wear-leveling cells or pages or sub-pages or blocks of a memory such as a flash memory, the method comprising:—receiving (S10) a chunk of data to be written on a cell or page or sub-page or block of the memory;—counting (S40) in the received chunk of data the number of times a given type of binary data ‘0’ or ‘I’ is to be written; and—distributing (S50) the writing of the received chunk of data amongst cells or pages or sub-pages or blocks of the memory such as to wear-level the memory with respect to the number of the given type of binary data ‘0’ or ‘I’ counted in the chunk of data to be written.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种用于对诸如闪速存储器的存储器的单元格或页面或子页面或块进行磨损均衡的方法,所述方法包括: - 接收(S10)要写入单元或页面的数据块 或存储器的子页面或块; - 在接收的数据块中记录给定类型的二进制数据“0”或“I”的次数(S40); (S50)在存储器的单元格或页面或子页面或块之间写入所接收的数据块,以便相对于给定类型的二进制数据“0”的数量对存储器进行磨损级别 或者“我”在要写入的数据块中计数。

    WEAR LEVELING
    7.
    发明申请
    WEAR LEVELING 有权
    耐磨

    公开(公告)号:US20120297123A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-11-22

    申请号:US13469148

    申请日:2012-05-11

    IPC分类号: G06F12/00

    CPC分类号: G06F12/0246 G06F2212/7211

    摘要: A method for operating a computer memory. The memory is organized to store data in units of such memory. For each unit of a set of units a wear level of the unit is determined. A maximum wear level among the wear levels is determined. A suggestion of a subset of one or more units for being selected for data erasure is received and at least one unit in the subset is identified for subsequent data erasure, a wear level (c(i)) of which units (i) is less than the maximum wear level (c_max).

    摘要翻译: 一种用于操作计算机存储器的方法。 存储器被组织以以这种存储器的单元存储数据。 对于一组单元的每个单元,确定单元的磨损水平。 确定磨损水平之间的最大磨损水平。 接收用于被选择用于数据擦除的一个或多个单元的子集的建议,并且识别子集中的至少一个单元用于随后的数据擦除,其中单元(i)的磨损水平(c(i))较小 超过最大磨损水平(c_max)。

    MEMORY MANAGEMENT IN A NON-VOLATILE SOLID STATE MEMORY DEVICE
    9.
    发明申请
    MEMORY MANAGEMENT IN A NON-VOLATILE SOLID STATE MEMORY DEVICE 有权
    非易失性固态存储器件中的存储器管理

    公开(公告)号:US20110022931A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-01-27

    申请号:US12835783

    申请日:2010-07-14

    IPC分类号: H03M13/05 G06F11/10

    摘要: A computer-implemented method of managing a memory of a non-volatile solid state memory device by balancing write/erase cycles among blocks to level block usage. The method includes: monitoring an occurrence of an error during a read operation in a memory unit of the device, wherein the error is correctable by error-correcting code; and programming the memory unit according to the monitored occurrence of the error; wherein the step of monitoring the occurrence of an error is carried out for at least one block; and wherein said step of programming comprises wear-leveling the monitored block according the error monitored for the monitored block. A computer system and a computer program-product is also provided.The non-volatile solid state memory device includes: a memory unit having data stored therein; and a controller with a logic for programming the memory unit according to a monitored occurrence of an error during a read operation. The method includes: monitoring an occurrence of an error during a read operation in a memory unit of the device; and programming the memory unit according to the monitored occurrence of the error.

    摘要翻译: 一种计算机实现的通过平衡块之间的写入/擦除循环来平衡块使用来管理非易失性固态存储器件的存储器的方法。 该方法包括:在设备的存储器单元中的读取操作期间监视错误的发生,其中可通过纠错码校正错误; 并根据所监视的错误发生来对存储器单元进行编程; 其中,针对至少一个块执行监视错误发生的步骤; 并且其中所述编程步骤包括根据所监视的块监测的误差来磨损所监视的块。 还提供了计算机系统和计算机程序产品。 非易失性固态存储装置包括:具有存储在其中的数据的存储单元; 以及控制器,具有用于根据在读取操作期间监视的错误发生来对存储器单元进行编程的逻辑。 该方法包括:在设备的存储器单元中的读取操作期间监视错误的发生; 并根据监视出现的错误对存储器单元进行编程。

    INTRA-DISK CODING SCHEME FOR DATA-STORAGE SYSTEMS
    10.
    发明申请
    INTRA-DISK CODING SCHEME FOR DATA-STORAGE SYSTEMS 有权
    用于数据存储系统的内部盘编码方案

    公开(公告)号:US20090055681A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-02-26

    申请号:US11843323

    申请日:2007-08-22

    IPC分类号: G06F11/20

    CPC分类号: G06F11/1076 G06F2211/1088

    摘要: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention comprise a method for the use of an intra-disk redundancy storage protection operation for the scrubbing of a disk. The method comprises initiating a disk scrubbing operation upon each disk of a plurality of disks that are comprised within a storage disk array, issuing a disk scrubbing command for a predetermined segment of the disks that are comprised within the storage disk array at a predetermined time interval, and identifying an unrecoverable segment on a disk. The method further comprises determining if unrecoverable sectors comprised within the unrecoverable segment can be reconstructed, and reconstructing the unrecoverable sectors of the unrecoverable segment and relocating the segment to a spare storage location on the disk in the event that the segment cannot be reconstructed within its original storage location.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的示例性实施例包括一种用于擦除盘的盘内冗余存储保护操作的方法。 该方法包括在包含在存储盘阵列内的多个盘的每个盘上启动磁盘擦除操作,以预定的时间间隔为包含在存储盘阵列内的盘的预定段发出磁盘擦除命令 并且识别磁盘上的不可恢复的段。 所述方法还包括确定是否可以重建包含在不可恢复的段内的不可恢复的扇区,以及在该段不能在其原始帧内重建的情况下,重构不可恢复段的不可恢复扇区并将该段重定位到盘上的备用存储位置 存储位置。