公开(公告)号：US4460967A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-17

申请号：US283955

申请日：1981-07-16

申请人： Irwin H. Krull ,  James G. Tisue

发明人： Irwin H. Krull ,  James G. Tisue

IPC分类号： G01N27/28 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/4165

摘要： The circuitry forms part of testing apparatus for measuring the concentration of ions in fluids, primarily body fluids, including the measurement of chlorides, ionized calcium, sodium and potassium as well as other ions. A small sample fluid is subjected to a controlled mechanical oscillation to thoroughly expose a true representative sample to the electrode for measurement. The apparatus has a digital readout display and two associated switches for calibrating the circuitry with high and low standard fluids. The low standard circuit is calibrated with the low standard sample to establish offset correction while the high standard circuit is calibrated with the high standard sample to establish gain correction. After the instrument has been adjusted for proper low and high standard values, for a particular electrode, the offset correction and gain correction parameters are established so that electrode input values cause proper concentrations to be displayed.

摘要翻译： 该电路构成测量流体中的离子浓度（主要是体液）的测试装置的一部分，包括测量氯化物，离子钙，钠和钾以及其它离子。 对小样品流体进行受控的机械振荡，以将真实的代表性样品彻底暴露于电极进行测量。 该装置具有数字读出显示器和两个相关联的开关，用于校准具有高和低标准流体的电路。 低标准电路用低标准样品校准，建立偏移校正，而高标准电路用高标准样品校准，以建立增益校正。 在调整了适当的低和高标准值的仪器后，对于特定电极，建立偏移校正和增益校正参数，使得电极输入值引起适当的浓度显示。

公开(公告)号：US4012308A

公开(公告)日：1977-03-15

申请号：US629833

申请日：1975-11-07

申请人： Paul Jerrold-Jones ,  Irwin H. Krull

发明人： Paul Jerrold-Jones ,  Irwin H. Krull

IPC分类号： G01N27/30 ,  G01N27/36

CPC分类号： G01N27/4035

摘要： An electrochemical combination electrode assembly particularly adapted for measuring the pH of body portions of a living subject, such as skin, hair, and the like, and which can be operated in any vertical, inclined or horizontal orientation. The assembly comprises a pH-indicating glass electrode supported within a tubular plastic container and includes a generally flat, pH-sensitive structure at a sensing end of the assembly. Conventional indicating and reference half-cell electrodes are supported in separate reservoirs of the assembly containing internal and reference electrolytes, respectively. The upper ends of the reservoirs are sealed by elastomeric plugs which compensate for differing coefficients of expansion within the assembly and coact with the electrolytes to prevent formation and migration of air bubbles to the sensing end of the assembly. In addition, a capillary passage is situated between the top of the internal electrolyte and the seal therefor to accommodate expansion of the internal electrolyte. A liquid junction structure, comprising a plurality of capillary paths, is spaced around the pH-sensitive structure and connects the reference electrolyte with the sample to be measured. A conductive cap, disposed over an end opposite the sensing end of the assembly and electrically connected to the reference half cell, shields the assembly from outside electrical interference and additionally provides a handle for hand manipulation of the assembly.

摘要翻译： 一种电化学组合电极组件，其特别适用于测量活体（例如皮肤，毛发等）的身体部分的pH，并且可以以任何垂直，倾斜或水平取向操作。 组件包括支撑在管状塑料容器内的pH指示玻璃电极，并且在组件的感测端处包括大致平坦的pH敏感结构。 常规的指示和参考半电池电极分别支撑在包含内部和参考电解质的组件的分开的储存器中。 储存器的上端由弹性体塞密封，弹性塞补偿组件内的不同膨胀系数，并与电解质结合，以防止气泡形成和迁移到组件的感测端。 此外，毛细管通道位于内部电解质的顶部和其密封件之间以适应内部电解质的膨胀。 包含多个毛细管路径的液体结结构围绕pH敏感结构间隔开，并将参考电解质与待测样品连接起来。 设置在与组件的感测端相对的端部并且电连接到参考半电池的导电盖屏蔽组件免受外部电干扰，并另外提供用于手动操纵组件的手柄。

公开(公告)号：US4350579A

公开(公告)日：1982-09-21

申请号：US183983

申请日：1980-09-04

申请人： Henry D. Schwartz ,  Irwin H. Krull ,  Carl J. Clement ,  Frederick H. Stengel ,  David D. Hayslett

发明人： Henry D. Schwartz ,  Irwin H. Krull ,  Carl J. Clement ,  Frederick H. Stengel ,  David D. Hayslett

IPC分类号： G01N27/28 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N33/487 ,  G01N33/49

CPC分类号： G01N33/49

摘要： The testing apparatus is for measurement of ions in body fluids. The apparatus has a plurality of sample cups for containing fluids to be tested, a movable door for controlling access to the sample cups, and a plurality of measuring electrodes for immersion into the fluid to be tested. There is a hand operated device for moving the electrodes and the cups with respect to each other to alternately put the electrodes in a first position permitting access to the cups and in a second position in which the electrodes are immersed in the fluids to be tested contained in the cups. Means for mounting the cups in the testing apparatus are engaged with means for oscillating the cups independently of the electrodes. The oscillation fully exposes the electrodes to a representative sampling of the fluids within the cups and thus enhances the accuracy of the test being performed.The method is for the measurement of chlorides, ionized calcium, sodium and potassium as well as other ions in fluids obtained from the body or elsewhere. The method includes the step of using the controlled oscillation of a small sample fluid in direct contact with an electrode, to thoroughly expose a true representative sample to the electrode for measurement.

摘要翻译： 测试装置用于测量体液中的离子。 该装置具有多个用于容纳要测试的流体的样品杯，用于控制对样品杯的进入的可移动门，以及用于浸入待测流体的多个测量电极。 存在一种手动操作装置，用于相对于彼此移动电极和杯子，以将电极交替地放置在允许进入杯子的第一位置，并且在第二位置将电极浸入待测流体中 在杯子里 用于将杯安装在测试装置中的装置与用于独立于电极振动杯子的装置接合。 振荡使电极完全暴露于杯内液体的代表性取样，从而提高了正在进行的测试的准确性。 该方法用于测量氯化物，电离钙，钠和钾以及从身体或其他地方获得的流体中的其他离子。 该方法包括使用与电极直接接触的小样品流体的受控振荡的步骤，将真实的代表性样品彻底暴露于用于测量的电极。

公开(公告)号：US4447398A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-08

申请号：US319474

申请日：1982-11-09

申请人： Henry D. Schwartz ,  Irwin H. Krull ,  Carl P. Clement ,  Frederick H. Stengel ,  David D. Hayslett

发明人： Henry D. Schwartz ,  Irwin H. Krull ,  Carl P. Clement ,  Frederick H. Stengel ,  David D. Hayslett

IPC分类号： G01N33/487 ,  G01N33/49 ,  B01L3/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/49

摘要： The testing apparatus is for measurement of ions in body fluids. The apparatus has a plurality of sample cups for containing fluids to be tested, a movable door for controlling access to the sample cups, and a plurality of measuring electrodes for immersion into the fluid to be tested. There is a hand operated device for moving the electrodes and the cups with respect to each other to alternately put the electrodes in a first position permitting access to the cups and in a second position in which the electrodes are immersed in the fluids to be tested contained in the cups. Means for mounting the cups in the testing apparatus are engaged with means for oscillating the cups independently of the electrodes. The oscillation fully exposes the electrodes to a representative sampling of the fluids within the cups and thus enhances the accuracy of the test being performed.The method is for the measurement of chlorides, ionized calcium, sodium and potassium as well as other ions in fluids obtained from the body or elsewhere. The method includes the step of using the controlled oscillation of a small sample fluid in direct contact with an electrode, to thoroughly expose a true representative sample to the electrode for measurement.

摘要翻译： 测试装置用于测量体液中的离子。 该装置具有多个用于容纳要测试的流体的样品杯，用于控制对样品杯的进入的可移动门，以及用于浸入待测流体的多个测量电极。 存在一种手动操作装置，用于相对于彼此移动电极和杯子，以将电极交替地放置在允许进入杯子的第一位置，并且在第二位置将电极浸入待测流体中 在杯子里 用于将杯安装在测试装置中的装置与用于独立于电极振动杯子的装置接合。 振荡使电极完全暴露于杯内液体的代表性取样，从而提高了正在进行的测试的准确性。 该方法用于测量氯化物，电离钙，钠和钾以及从身体或其他地方获得的流体中的其他离子。 该方法包括使用与电极直接接触的小样品流体的受控振荡的步骤，将真实的代表性样品彻底暴露于用于测量的电极。