-
1.发明授权Method and apparatus for treating hazardous waste or other hydrocarbonaceous material 失效用于处理危险废物或其他含烃物质的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5487873A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-30
申请号：US335190
申请日：1994-11-07
CPC分类号： H05B6/78 , A61L11/00 , A61L2/08 , B09B3/00 , B09B3/0091 , B09C1/06 , A62D2203/10 , H05B2206/045 , H05B2206/046
摘要： Methods and apparatus for treating waste with radio frequency include a wall defining a radio frequency treatment chamber through which waste may be passed. A source of radio frequency energy energizes the radio frequency treatment chamber to heat the waste and drive off vapors therefrom leaving solid residue to be disposed of. A guard heater and/or insulation maintains the wall at substantially the same temperature as the waste being heated by the radio frequency to prevent vapors from condensing on the waste.
摘要翻译： 用无线电频率处理废物的方法和装置包括限定射频处理室的壁，废物可以通过该处理室通过。 无线电频率能量源激发射频处理室以加热废物并驱除其中的蒸气，从而使固体残余物被处理。 防护加热器和/或绝缘体将壁保持在与射频加热的废物基本相同的温度，以防止蒸汽冷凝在废物上。
-
公开(公告)号：US06421550B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-16
申请号：US09120749
申请日：1998-07-23
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , Susan Hagness , Allen Taflove , Milica Popovic
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , Susan Hagness , Allen Taflove , Milica Popovic
IPC分类号： A61B505
CPC分类号： G01N22/00 , A61B5/05 , A61B5/0507
摘要： A non-invasive method to detect vascularization associated with one or more malignant tumors in living tissue of a living organism, where dielectric properties of the vascularization are different than dielectric properties of normal living tissue. In one embodiment, a non-ionizing input wave within a wide band frequency range is generated, and the input wave is applied to a field excitation antenna to illuminate a discrete volume within the living tissue of the living organism and to develop scattered power returns from the discrete volume. A receiving antenna then collects at least a portion of the scattered power returns. The scattered power returns are detected and then applied to a signal processor to develop a segregated signal, which is then processed in order to identify the vascularization associated with one or more malignant tumors.
摘要翻译： 用于检测与生物体的活体组织中的一种或多种恶性肿瘤相关的血管形成的非侵入性方法，其中血管形成的介电性质不同于正常活体组织的介电性质。 在一个实施例中，产生宽带频率范围内的非电离输入波，并且将输入波施加到场激励天线以照射活生物体的活体组织内的离散体积，并且从 离散体积。 然后，接收天线收集至少一部分散射功率回报。 检测分散的功率回报，然后将其应用于信号处理器以形成分离信号，然后对其进行处理，以便识别与一个或多个恶性肿瘤相关联的血管形成。
-
3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4449585A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-22
申请号：US343903
申请日：1982-01-29
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , Allen Taflove
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , Allen Taflove
CPC分类号： E21B43/2401 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/305
摘要： A system and method for the controlled in situ heat processing of hydrocarbonaceous earth formations involves the application of electromagnetic energy at a selected frequency or at selected frequencies to a waveguide structure formed by electrodes bounding a particular volume of hydrocarbonaceous material. Terminating one end of the structure with different impedances at different times produces electric field standing waves of different respective phase at that end at a selected frequency. Two standing waves substantially 90.degree. out of phase in formations having relatively uniform dielectric properties result in substantially uniform application of heating power if the product of the amplitude-squared of the electric field standing wave and dwell time is substantially the same in each of the two modes. Feeding the line at both ends provides partial offset for attenuation. Various desired controlled heating patterns other than uniform may be effected by utilizing different dwell times or applied fields. Different frequencies provide further flexibility, particularly where the line is terminated differently at the respective frequencies. Energy at the different frequencies may be applied simultaneously.
摘要翻译： 用于烃类地层的受控原位热处理的系统和方法包括以选定的频率或选定的频率向由界定特定体积的含烃材料的电极形成的波导结构施加电磁能。 在不同时间以不同的阻抗终止结构的一端产生在该端的不同相位的选定频率的电场驻波。 如果电场驻波和停留时间的幅度平方的乘积在两者中的每一个中基本相同，则具有相对均匀的介电特性的具有相对均匀介电特性的地层基本上为90°的两个驻波导致加热功率的基本上均匀的应用 模式。 两端馈线为衰减提供部分补偿。 可以通过利用不同的停留时间或施加的场来实现除均匀之外的各种期望的受控加热模式。 不同的频率提供了进一步的灵活性，特别是在线路在相应频率处不同地终止时。 可以同时施加不同频率的能量。
-
4.发明授权Electro-osmotic production of hydrocarbons utilizing conduction heating of hydrocarbonaceous formations 失效利用烃类地层传导加热对碳氢化合物进行电渗透生产
公开(公告)号：US4645004A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US603583
申请日：1984-04-25
IPC分类号： E21B43/24
CPC分类号： E21B43/2401
摘要： An electro-osmotic method for the production of hydrocarbons utilizes in situ heating of earth formations having substantial electrical conductivity. A particular volume of an earth formation is bounded with a waveguide structure formed of respective rows of discrete elongated electrodes in a dense array wherein the active electrode area and the row separation are chosen in reference to the deposit thickness to avoid heating barren layers. Electrical power is applied at no more than a relatively low frequency between respective rows of electrodes to deliver power to the formation while producing relatively uniform heating thereof and limiting the relative loss of heat to adjacent regions to less than a predetermined amount. At the same time the temperature of the electrodes is controlled near the vaporization point of water to maintain an electrically conductive path between the electrodes and the formation. A heat sink is provided by supplying aqueous liquid electrolyte to space between the electrodes and the adjacent formation, thereby maintaining the temperature thereat no greater than about the boiling point of water and maintaining a conductive path between said formation. A d.c. polarized potential is applied to enhance flow of reservoir fluid into a preselected row of electrodes, and collected reservoir fluids are removed from the electrodes in the preselected row.
摘要翻译： 用于生产碳氢化合物的电渗透方法利用具有实质导电性的地层的原位加热。 特定体积的地层结构由以密集阵列中的各行离散细长电极形成的波导结构为界，其中根据沉积厚度选择有效电极面积和行分离以避免加热贫瘠层。 在相互排列的电极之间以不超过相对较低的频率施加电力，以将功率输送到地层，同时产生相对均匀的加热，并将相对于邻近区域的相对热损失限制在小于预定量。 同时，电极的温度在水的蒸发点附近被控制，以保持电极和地层之间的导电路径。 通过向电极和相邻地层之间的空间供应水性液体电解质来提供散热器，从而将温度保持在不大于约沸点的水并保持所述地层之间的导电路径。 一个d.c. 施加极化电位以增强储存器流体进入预定行的电极的流动，并且将收集的储存流体从预先选定的行中的电极移除。
-
5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4524827A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-25
申请号：US489756
申请日：1983-04-29
CPC分类号： E21B36/006 , E21B36/00 , E21B36/001 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/2401
摘要： Water is vaporized in an annular upper region of a subsurface formation into which borehole extends from the surface. This creates a substantially nonconducting dielectric in such region extending outwardly from the borehole. Such vaporization is preferably achieved by the application of electrical power to an electrode disposed in the borehole. Liquid is produced through the borehole from a lower region of the formation to cool the lower region near the borehole and maintain an electrically conductive path between the formation and the electrode in such lower region through which electrical power is applied to the formation.
摘要翻译： 水在地下地层的环形上部区域中蒸发，钻孔从表面延伸到该区域。 这在从钻孔向外延伸的区域中产生基本上不导电的电介质。 这种蒸发优选通过向设置在钻孔中的电极施加电力来实现。 液体通过钻孔从地层的下部区域产生，以冷却靠近钻孔的下部区域，并且在这样的下部区域中保持导电路径，该区域通过该区域向地层施加电力。
-
6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4476926A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-16
申请号：US363765
申请日：1982-03-31
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , Allen Taflove
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , Allen Taflove
CPC分类号： E21B43/2401 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/305
摘要： The effects of radio frequency electric field peaking in the earth formations surrounding a conductor excited by radio frequency energy in the controlled in situ heat processing of hydrocarbonaceous earth formations are mitigated by providing an inert buffer region around the conductor to which radio frequency electromagnetic energy is supplied to produce an electric field within the earth formations. A portion of the earth formations is removed to accommodate insertion of the conductor at a desired location in the earth formations and to provide a buffer region between the conductor and the surrounding earth formations. The conductor is supported at the desired location in spaced relationship to the surrounding earth formations, the buffer region encompassing the principal region of the electric field enhancement region around the conductor where the probability of breakdown in the earth formations over the period of application of the radio frequency energy would be above a tolerable level. The buffer region is filled with dielectric material having an electric field breakdown level greater than that of the surrounding earth formation medium such that the probability of breakdown in the buffer region over the period of application of the radio frequency energy is tolerable. Preferably the filler medium has a power dissipation characteristic less than that of the surrounding earth formations.
摘要翻译： 通过在导电体周围提供惰性缓冲区，提供射频电能受到射频能量激发的导体周围地球地层中的射频电场峰值的影响，通过提供射频电磁能的导体周围的惰性缓冲区 在地层内产生电场。 去除一部分地层以适应导体在地层中所需位置的插入，并在导体和周围地层之间提供缓冲区。 导体被支撑在与周围地层间隔开的所需位置处，该缓冲区域包围导体附近的电场增强区域的主要区域，其中在无线电应用期间地球地层中的故障概率 频率能量将高于可容忍的水平。 缓冲区填充有电场击穿电平大于周围地球形成介质的电场击穿电平的电介质材料，使得在施加无线电频率能量的周期内缓冲区中击穿的可能性是可容忍的。 优选地，填充介质具有小于周围地层的功率耗散特性。
-
7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4670634A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-02
申请号：US720070
申请日：1985-04-05
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , Harsh Dev , Richard H. Snow , Allen Taflove
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , Harsh Dev , Richard H. Snow , Allen Taflove
CPC分类号： E21B43/2401 , B09C1/005 , B09C1/065 , B09C2101/00
摘要： A water-containing region at or near the surface of the earth, such as a landfill, that is contaminated with hazardous materials is decontaminated by heating the region with bound radio frequency energy from a bound-wave transmission line excitor array disposed outside the region to a temperature to boil water and thereby increase the permeability of the region. The heating is continued by dielectric heating after water has boiled from at least a portion of the region to heat the portion to elevated temperatures substantially above the boiling point of water. The materials may then be rendered innocuous in situ in a number of ways, as by pyrolysis, thermally assisted decomposition, or reaction with an introduced reagent, such as oxygen. The materials may also be driven from the region, as by distillation or by evaporation and steam drive and then collected and disposed of, as by incineration.
摘要翻译： 在受到有害物质污染的地球表面附近或附近的含水区域，例如垃圾填埋场，通过用设置在该区域外的界面波传输线路激励器阵列加上具有束缚的射频能量的区域来去污染， 煮沸水的温度，从而增加该区域的渗透性。 在水从该区域的至少一部分煮沸之后，通过电介质加热继续加热，以将该部分加热至高于沸点的高温。 然后可通过多种方式使材料无害化，如通过热分解，热辅助分解或与引入的试剂如氧反应。 材料也可以通过蒸馏或蒸发和蒸汽驱动从区域驱动，然后通过焚烧收集和处理。
-
公开(公告)号：US4545435A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-08
申请号：US489849
申请日：1983-04-29
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , Allen Taflove
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , Allen Taflove
CPC分类号： H05B3/60 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/2401 , E21B43/305
摘要： A waveguide structure is emplanted in the earth to bound a particular volume of an earth formation with a waveguide structure formed of respective rows of discrete elongated electrodes wherein the spacing between rows is greater than the distance between electrodes in a respective row and in the case of vertical electrodes substantially less than the thickness of the hydrocarbonaceous earth formation. Electrical power at no more than a relatively low frequency is applied between respective rows of the electrodes to deliver power to the formation while producing relatively uniform heating thereof and limiting the relative loss of heat to adjacent barren regions to less than a tolerable amount. At the same time the temperature of the electrodes is controlled near the vaporization point of water thereat to maintain an electrically conductive path between the electrodes and the formation.
摘要翻译： 波导结构被移植到地球中以将特定体积的地球结构与由相应行的分立细长电极形成的波导结构结合，其中行之间的间隔大于相应行中的电极之间的距离，并且在 垂直电极基本上小于烃类地层的厚度。 施加不大于相对较低频率的电力，以在电极的相应行之间施加功率，以产生相对均匀的加热，同时将相对的贫瘠区域的相对热损失限制到小于可容忍的量。 同时，电极的温度在水的蒸发点附近被控制，以保持电极和地层之间的导电路径。
-
公开(公告)号：US10212795B2
公开(公告)日：2019-02-19
申请号：US14858128
申请日：2015-09-18
摘要： An electric barrier to limit crossing of a border or perimeter. It consists of rows of vertical electrodes installed underground or above ground. It has two modes of operation. In an RF heating mode a generator powers electric fields to heat the ground in a pattern around the fence. A temperature may be reached which makes human occupation of tunnels untenable. Humans may also be subjected to RF radiation effects, especially if the frequency is tuned to a resonant frequency of tunnel cavities. Detection of a resonant frequency by suitable instrumentation may also indicate the presence of tunnels. In another mode occupants of a tunnel may be subjected to shock from an electric pulse, without heating, depending on small amounts of moisture to transmit the pulse through soil to the tunnel.
-
10.发明申请Electro thermal in situ energy storage for intermittent energy sources to recover fuel from hydro carbonaceous earth formations 有权用于间歇能源的电热原位储能，以从碳氢化合物地层中回收燃料公开(公告)号：US20070193744A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-23
申请号：US11708912
申请日：2007-02-20
申请人： Jack E. Bridges
发明人： Jack E. Bridges
IPC分类号： E21B43/24
CPC分类号： E21B43/2401 , H05B6/62
摘要： The vast North American oil shale and tar sand deposits offer the potential to make USA energy independent. However, if these deposits were produced by the existing combustion processes, substantial CO2 emissions would be injected in to air. To avoid this green house gas problem and yet produce liquid fuels, an electro-thermal energy storage system that may be wind-powered is described. It stores the unpredictable, intermittent (e.g., wind) electrical energy over long periods as thermal energy in fossil hydrocarbon deposits. Because the thermal diffusion time is very slow in such deposits, the thermal energy is effectively trapped in a defined section of a hydrocarbon deposit. This allows time for the thermal energy to convert hydrocarbons into gaseous and liquid fuels. It can also use a portion of the fuel to regenerate electrical power into the electrical grid of higher energy content than was initially stored. In addition, the method can increase the reliability of the grid and provide a load leveling function.
摘要翻译： 广泛的北美油页岩和焦油砂矿床具有使美国能源独立的潜力。 然而，如果这些沉积物是由现有的燃烧过程产生的，那么大量的二氧化碳排放将被注入到空气中。 为了避免这个温室气体问题，并且生产液体燃料，描述了可以被风力供电的电热能储存系统。 它将长期不可预测的间歇（例如风）电能作为化石碳氢化合物沉积物中的热能存储。 由于这种沉积物中的热扩散时间非常慢，所以热能被有效地捕获在烃沉积物的限定部分中。 这允许热能将碳氢化合物转化成气体和液体燃料的时间。 它还可以使用一部分燃料将电力再生成比最初存储的更高能量含量的电网。 此外，该方法可以提高电网的可靠性，并提供负载均衡功能。
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
搜索结果
51 条记录 (耗时 0.02 秒)
