摘要:
The present invention relates to a photosensitive organic semiconductor composition comprising an organic p-type semiconductor pigment with a p-type conducting polymer, wherein the ionization potentials of the organic p-type semiconductor pigment and the p-type conducting polymer are nominally equivalent and a photosensitive organic semiconductor composition comprising an organic n-type semiconductor pigment with an n-type conducting polymer, wherein the electron affinities of the organic semiconductor pigment and the conducting polymer are nominally equivalent. The present invention also relates to a p/n heterojunction utilizing the photosensitive organic semiconductor compositions.
摘要:
A photographic element is described which comprises a silver halide emulsion layer and a bridged tricarbocyanine infrared sensitizing dye which element is stabilized by a combination of an organic reducing agent and a surface active agent. A stabilized photographic silver halide emulsion melt is also described.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a photosensitive organic semiconductor composition comprising an organic p-type semiconductor pigment with a p-type conducting polymer, wherein the ionization potentials of the organic p-type semiconductor pigment and the p-type conducting polymer are nominally equivalent and a photosensitive organic semiconductor composition comprising an organic n-type semiconductor pigment with an n-type conducting polymer, wherein the electron affinities of the organic semiconductor pigment and the conducting polymer are nominally equivalent. The present invention also relates to a p/n heterojunction utilizing the photosensitive organic semiconductor compositions.
摘要:
This invention comprises a multicolor photographic element comprising a support bearing a cyan dye image-forming unit comprising at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one cyan dye-forming coupler, a magenta dye image-forming unit comprising at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one magenta dye-forming coupler, a yellow dye image-forming unit comprising at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one yellow dye-forming coupler, wherein at least one of said layers comprises large tabular grains having an average circular diameter of greater than 2 &mgr;m and contains a fragmentable electron donating compound is of the formula: X—Y′ or a compound which contains a moiety of the formula —X—Y′; wherein X is an electron donor moiety, Y′ is a leaving proton H or a leaving group Y, with the proviso that if Y′ is a proton, a base, &bgr;−, is covalently linked directly or indirectly to X, and wherein: 1) X—Y′ has an oxidation potential between 0 and about 1.4 V; and 2) the oxidized form of X—Y′ undergoes a bond cleavage reaction to give the radical X. and the leaving fragment Y′; and, optionally, 3) the radical X. has an oxidation potential ≦−0.7V (that is, equal to or more negative than about −0.7V).
摘要:
A photographic element comprises at least one silver halide emulsion layer in which the silver halide is sensitized with a compound of formulaZ-(L-XY).sub.kwherein:Z is a light absorbing group;L is a linking group containing a least one C, N, S, or O atom; andk is 1 or 2; andXY represents a fragmentable electron donor moiety wherein:1) XY has a an oxidation potential between 0 and about 1.4 V;2) X is an electron donor group;3) Y is a leaving group other than hydrogen; and4) the oxidized form of XY undergoes a bond cleavage reaction to give the radical X.sup..cndot. and the leaving fragment Y.In a preferred embodiment the radical X.sup..cndot. has an oxidation potential of .ltoreq.-0.7 V.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an electrochromic material, and a device utilizing the electrochromic material, comprising a substituted-1,1-dioxo-thiopyran of the general structure I: wherein: X is carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; n is 0, 1 or 2; R3 is independently an electron withdrawing group or a substituted or unsubstituted alky or aryl group; R1 and R5 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; and R2 and R4 each independently represent hydrogen, or an electron withdrawing group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种电致变色材料,以及一种利用电致变色材料的装置,其包含通式I的取代的1,1-二氧代噻喃,其中:X为碳,氮,氧或硫; n为0,1或2; R3独立地是吸电子基团或取代或未取代的烷基或芳基; R 1和R 5各自独立地表示取代或未取代的烷基,取代或未取代的芳基或取代或未取代的杂环基; R2和R4各自独立地表示氢或吸电子基团,或取代或未取代的烷基。
摘要:
This invention comprises a photographic element comprising a support and at least one silver halide emulsion layer in which the silver halide is sensitized with a compound of the formula:Q-XYwherein Q represents the atoms necessary to form a chromophore comprising an amidinium-ion, a carboxyl-ion or dipolar-amidic chromophoric system when conjugated with XY, and XY is a fragmentable electron donor moiety in which X is an electron donor group and Y is a leaving group other than hydrogen, and wherein:1) XY has an oxidation potential between 0 and about 1.4 V;2) the oxidized form of XY undergoes a bond cleavage reaction to give the radical X.sup..cndot. and the leaving fragment Y.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radical X.cndot. has an oxidation potential
摘要:
A process for forming an aryl-aryl bond comprises the step of reacting an arene hydrocarbon compound with either (1) an organic oxidant selected from the group consisting of a quinone, a quinone imine, a quinone diimine, and a nitroarene, or (2) an oxidizing salt selected from the group consisting of a triarylaminium salt, an oxonium salt, and a nitrosium salt, or (3) a hypervalent iodine compound, each in the presence of a Brönsted or Lewis acid.
摘要:
This invention provides a photographic element comprising at least one silver halide emulsion layer in which the silver halide is sensitized with a compound of the formula (a): &Dgr;−(t)m−XY′ (a) XY′−(t)m−&Dgr; (b) &Dgr;−(t)m−XY′−(t)m−&Dgr; (c) wherein &Dgr; is protective group that is eliminated during development of the photographic element, t is a timing group, m is an integer from 0 to 3, and XY′ is a fragmentable electron donor moiety in which X is an electron donor group and Y′ is a leaving proton H or a leaving group Y, with the proviso that if Y′ is a proton, a base, &bgr;−, is present in the emulsion or is covalently linked directly or indirectly to X, and wherein: 1) X—Y′ has an oxidation potential between 0 and about 1.4 V; 2) the oxidized form of X—Y′ undergoes a bond cleavage reaction to give the radical X• and the leaving fragment Y′, and 3) the radical X• has an oxidation potential ≦−0.7V.
摘要:
This invention comprises multicolor photographic element comprising a support bearing a cyan dye image-forming unit comprising at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one cyan dye-forming coupler, a magenta dye image-forming unit comprising at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one magenta dye-forming coupler, a yellow dye image-forming unit comprising at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one yellow dye-forming coupler, wherein at least one of said red-sensitive or green-sensitive layers comprises a fragmentable electron donating compound of the formula: X—Y′ or a compound which contains a moiety of the formula —X—Y′; wherein the speed gain deriving from addition of said compound to said layer is less than or equal to 0.05 log sensitivity units and wherein X is an electron donor moiety, Y′ is a leaving proton H or a leaving group Y, with the proviso that if Y′ is a proton, a base, &bgr;−, is present in the emulsion layer, and wherein: 1) X—Y′ has an oxidation potential between 0 and about 1.4 V; 2) the oxidized form of X—Y′ undergoes a bond cleavage reaction to give the radical X· and the leaving fragment Y′, and 3) the radical X· has an oxidation potential ≦−0.7V.