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1.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20070045248A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-01
申请号：US11417366
申请日：2006-01-31
申请人： Jochen Schein , Andrew Gerhan , Robyn Woo , Michael Au , Mahadevan Krishnan
发明人： Jochen Schein , Andrew Gerhan , Robyn Woo , Michael Au , Mahadevan Krishnan
CPC分类号： H05H1/54 , F03H1/0087
摘要： An apparatus for producing a vacuum arc plasma source device using a low mass, compact inductive energy storage circuit powered by a low voltage DC supply acts as a vacuum arc plasma thruster. An inductor is charged through a switch, subsequently the switch is opened and a voltage spike of Ldi/dt is produced initiating plasma across a resistive path separating anode and cathode. The plasma is subsequently maintained by energy stored in the inductor. Plasma is produced from cathode material, which allows for any electrically conductive material to be used. A planar structure, a tubular structure, and a coaxial structure allow for consumption of cathode material feed and thereby long lifetime of the thruster for long durations of time.
摘要翻译： 使用由低电压DC电源供电的低质量，紧凑的感应能量存储电路的真空电弧等离子体源装置的制造装置用作真空电弧等离子体推进器。 电感器通过开关充电，随后开关断开，并产生Ldi / dt的电压尖峰，从而在隔离阳极和阴极的电阻路径上引发等离子体。 等离子体随后由存储在电感器中的能量保持。 等离子体由阴极材料制成，其允许使用任何导电材料。 平面结构，管状结构和同轴结构允许阴极材料进料的消耗，从而长时间持续推进器的寿命长。
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公开(公告)号：US06818853B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US10448638
申请日：2003-05-30
IPC分类号： B23K1000
CPC分类号： H05H1/54 , F03H1/0012 , F03H1/0087
摘要： An apparatus for producing a vacuum arc plasma source device using a low mass, compact inductive energy storage circuit powered by a low voltage DC supply acts as a vacuum arc plasma thruster. An inductor is charged through a switch, subsequently the switch is opened and a voltage spike of Ldi/dt is produced initiating plasma across a resistive path separating anode and cathode. The plasma is subsequently maintained by energy stored in the inductor. Plasma is produced from cathode material, which allows for any electrically conductive material to be used. A planar structure, a tubular structure, and a coaxial structure allow for consumption of cathode material feed and thereby long lifetime of the thruster for long durations of time.
摘要翻译： 使用由低电压DC电源供电的低质量，紧凑的感应能量存储电路的真空电弧等离子体源装置的制造装置用作真空电弧等离子体推进器。 电感器通过开关充电，随后开关断开，并产生Ldi / dt的电压尖峰，从而在隔离阳极和阴极的电阻路径上引发等离子体。 等离子体随后由存储在电感器中的能量保持。 等离子体由阴极材料制成，其允许使用任何导电材料。 平面结构，管状结构和同轴结构允许阴极材料进料的消耗，从而长时间持续推进器的寿命长。
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公开(公告)号：US07053333B1
公开(公告)日：2006-05-30
申请号：US10919424
申请日：2004-08-16
IPC分类号： B23K10/00
CPC分类号： H05H1/54 , F03H1/0012 , F03H1/0087
摘要： An apparatus for producing a vacuum arc plasma source device using a low mass, compact inductive energy storage circuit powered by a low voltage DC supply acts as a vacuum arc plasma thruster. An inductor is charged through a switch, subsequently the switch is opened and a voltage spike of Ldi/dt is produced initiating plasma across a resistive path separating anode and cathode. The plasma is subsequently maintained by energy stored in the inductor. Plasma is produced from cathode material, which allows for any electrically conductive material to be used. A planar structure, a tubular structure, and a coaxial structure allow for consumption of cathode material feed and thereby long lifetime of the thruster for long durations of time.
摘要翻译： 使用由低电压DC电源供电的低质量，紧凑的感应能量存储电路的真空电弧等离子体源装置的制造装置用作真空电弧等离子体推进器。 电感器通过开关充电，随后开关断开，并产生Ldi / dt的电压尖峰，从而在隔离阳极和阴极的电阻路径上引发等离子体。 等离子体随后由存储在电感器中的能量保持。 等离子体由阴极材料制成，其允许使用任何导电材料。 平面结构，管状结构和同轴结构允许阴极材料进料的消耗，从而长时间持续推进器的寿命长。
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公开(公告)号：US07679025B1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-16
申请号：US11057040
申请日：2005-02-04
摘要： An apparatus for the formation of a dense plasma focus (DPF) has a center electrode formed about an axis, where the center electrode includes a cylindrical part and a tapered part. An outer electrode is formed about the center electrode, and may be either cylindrical, tapered, or formed from a plurality of individual conductors including a helical conductor arrangement surrounding the tapered region of the center conductor. The taper of the center electrode results in an enhanced azimuthal B field in the final region of the device, resulting in increased plasma velocity prior to the dense plasma focus. Using the outer electrode helical structure an auxiliary axial B field is generated during the final acceleration region of the plasma, which reduces axial modal tearing of the plasma in the final acceleration region.
摘要翻译： 用于形成致密等离子体焦点（DPF）的装置具有围绕轴线形成的中心电极，其中中心电极包括圆柱形部分和锥形部分。 外电极围绕中心电极形成，并且可以是圆柱形的，锥形的或由包括围绕中心导体的锥形区域的螺旋形导体布置的多个单独的导体形成的。 中心电极的锥度导致器件的最终区域中增加的方位角B场，导致等离子体聚焦之前的等离子体速度增加。 使用外部电极螺旋结构，在等离子体的最终加速区域期间产生辅助轴向B场，这降低了最终加速区域中等离子体的轴向模态撕裂。
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公开(公告)号：US09261766B1
公开(公告)日：2016-02-16
申请号：US13416141
申请日：2012-03-09
申请人： Mahadevan Krishnan
发明人： Mahadevan Krishnan
IPC分类号： G03B21/26
CPC分类号： G03B21/26
摘要： An apparatus for the management of time during a visual presentation such as a talk with slides includes an optical emitter surface and focusing assembly for presentation of a progress plot in circular or linear format onto a presentation display shared by a presentation image. A user interface with policies and rules is operative with a controller for an optical emitter to automatically provide and adjust the brightness and contrast level, select optimal regions for placement of the progress image, and generate the optical image which is displayed in superposition with, or adjacent to, the presentation image.
摘要翻译： 用于在诸如与幻灯片的谈话之间的视觉呈现期间管理时间的装置包括光发射器表面和聚焦组件，用于以循环或线性格式将进度图呈现在呈现图像共享的呈现显示上。 具有策略和规则的用户界面与用于光发射器的控制器一起操作以自动提供和调整亮度和对比度水平，选择用于放置进度图像的最佳区域，并且生成与...叠加显示的光学图像，或 相邻，呈现图像。
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公开(公告)号：US07518085B1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-14
申请号：US11384617
申请日：2006-01-31
申请人： Mahadevan Krishnan
发明人： Mahadevan Krishnan
IPC分类号： B23K10/00
CPC分类号： F03H1/0087 , F03H1/0012 , H05H1/54
摘要： A plasma thruster with a cylindrical inner and cylindrical outer electrode generates plasma particles from the application of energy stored in an inductor to a surface suitable for the formation of a plasma and expansion of plasma particles. The plasma production results in the generation of charged particles suitable for generating a reaction force, and the charged particles are guided by a magnetic field produced by the same inductor used to store the energy used to form the plasma.
摘要翻译： 具有圆柱形内部和外部圆柱形外部电极的等离子体推进器从存储在电感器中的能量施加到适于形成等离子体和扩展等离子体颗粒的表面产生等离子体颗粒。 等离子体产生导致产生适于产生反作用力的带电粒子，并且带电粒子由用于存储用于形成等离子体的能量的相同电感器产生的磁场引导。
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公开(公告)号：US20070035256A1
公开(公告)日：2007-02-15
申请号：US11203599
申请日：2005-08-12
申请人： E. Baksht , M. Lomaev , D. Rybka , Victor Tarasenko , Mahadevan Krishnan , John Thompson
发明人： E. Baksht , M. Lomaev , D. Rybka , Victor Tarasenko , Mahadevan Krishnan , John Thompson
IPC分类号： F02P3/08
CPC分类号： H05B41/34
摘要： An apparatus for providing power to a gas discharge lamp comprises a storage capacitor and an ignitron switch coupled through a primarily parasitic first inductor to a parallel combination of a diode assembly and a second inductor in series with a gas discharge lamp. The second inductor is selected to optimize the energy transfer from the capacitor to the gas discharge lamp. During a first interval determined by the time constant of the series combination of a storage capacitor, a first inductor, and a second inductor, the diode assembly is not conducting and a forward sense current builds in the first and second inductors. During a second interval determined by the interaction of the two parallel circuits driving the gas discharge lamp, during which the diode array is conducting, the smaller reversed sense current flowing in the first inductor and a larger forward sense current flowing in the second inductor add, thereby generating a unipolar, forward sense, single pulse current output for the generation of optical energy by a gas discharge lamp.
摘要翻译： 用于向气体放电灯提供电力的装置包括存储电容器和点火开关，其通过主要寄生的第一电感器耦合到与气体放电灯串联的二极管组件和第二电感器的并联组合。 选择第二电感器以优化从电容器到气体放电灯的能量传递。 在由存储电容器，第一电感器和第二电感器的串联组合的时间常数确定的第一间隔期间，二极管组件不导通，并且正向感测电流建立在第一和第二电感器中。 在由二极管阵列导通的驱动气体放电灯的两个并联电路的相互作用确定的第二间隔期间，在第一电感器中流动的较小的反向感测电流和在第二电感器中流动的更大的正向感测电流增加， 从而产生用于通过气体放电灯产生光能的单极正向感测单脉冲电流输出。
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公开(公告)号：US08399849B1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-19
申请号：US12538138
申请日：2009-08-08
申请人： Mahadevan Krishnan , Mahmud Vahdat Roshan , Paul Choon Keat Lee , Rajdeep Singh Rawat , Stuart Victor Springham
发明人： Mahadevan Krishnan , Mahmud Vahdat Roshan , Paul Choon Keat Lee , Rajdeep Singh Rawat , Stuart Victor Springham
CPC分类号： G01T3/06
摘要： An activation detector for fast-neutrons has a yttrium target exposed to a neutron source. Fast-neutrons which have energy in excess of 1 MeV (above a threshold energy level) generate gamma rays from a nuclear reaction with the yttrium, the gamma rays having an energy level of 908.96 keV, and the resultant gamma rays are coupled to a scintillator which generates an optical response, the optical response of the scintillator is coupled to a photomultiplier tube which generates an electrical response. The number of counts from the photomultiplier tube provides an accurate indication of the fast-neutron flux, and the detector is exclusively sensitive to fast-neutrons with an energy level over 1 MeV, thereby providing a fast-neutron detector which does not require calibration or the setting of a threshold.
摘要翻译： 用于快中子的激活检测器具有暴露于中子源的钇靶。 具有超过1MeV（高于阈值能级）的能量的快中子产生与钇的核反应的伽马射线，伽马射线具有908.96keV的能级，并且所得到的伽马射线与闪烁体 其产生光学响应，闪烁体的光学响应耦合到产生电响应的光电倍增管。 来自光电倍增管的计数提供了快中子通量的精确指示，检测器对能量水平超过1 MeV的快中子是非常敏感的，从而提供不需要校准的快中子检测器 设置阈值。
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公开(公告)号：US07827779B1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-09
申请号：US11900372
申请日：2007-09-10
IPC分类号： F03H1/00
CPC分类号： F03H1/0012 , F03H1/0037 , H01J27/26
摘要： A Liquid Metal Ion Thruster (LMIT) has a substrate having a plurality of pedestals, one end of the pedestal attached to the substrate, and the opposing end of the pedestal having a tip, the pedestals having grooves and the substrate also having grooves coupled to each other and to a source of liquid metal. An extractor electrode positioned parallel to the substrate and above the pedestal tips provides an electrostatic extraction field sufficient to accelerate ions from the tips of the pedestals through the extractor electrode. A series of focusing electrodes with matching apertures provides a flow of substantially parallel ion trajectories, and an optional negative ion source provides a charge neutralization to prevent space charge spreading of the exiting accelerated ions. The assembly is suitable for providing thrust for a satellite while maintaining high operating efficiencies.
摘要翻译： 一种液体金属离子推进器（LMIT）具有一个具有多个基座的基板，底座的一端连接到该基板上，并且底座的相对端具有尖端，该基座具有凹槽，该基板还具有连接到 彼此和液态金属的来源。 平行于基板并且在基座尖端上方设置的提取器电极提供足以加速离子从基座的尖端通过提取器电极的静电引出场。 具有匹配孔的一系列聚焦电极提供基本上平行的离子轨迹的流动，并且可选的负离子源提供电荷中和以防止离开的加速离子的空间电荷扩展。 该组件适用于为卫星提供推力，同时保持高的运行效率。
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公开(公告)号：US11480162B1
公开(公告)日：2022-10-25
申请号：US17235911
申请日：2021-04-20
申请人： Mahadevan Krishnan
发明人： Mahadevan Krishnan
IPC分类号： F03H1/00
摘要： A pulsed metal plasma thruster (MPT) cube has a plurality of thrusters, each having a first cathode electrode and a trigger electrode separated from the first electrode by an insulator sufficient to support an initiation plasma, and a porous anode electrode positioned a separation distance from the face of all of the cathode electrodes. The cathode electrode can be either the inner electrode or the outer electrode. A power supply delivers a high voltage pulse to the trigger electrode with respect to the cathode electrode sufficient to initiate a plasma on the surface of the insulator. The plasma transfers between the anode electrode and cathode electrode of selected thrusters, thereby generating a pulse of thrust.
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