公开(公告)号：US20080191925A1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-14

申请号：US11300827

申请日：2005-12-14

申请人： Chris Martin ,  John Lovberg

发明人： Chris Martin ,  John Lovberg

IPC分类号： G01S13/04 ,  G01S13/89

CPC分类号： G01V8/005 ,  H01Q3/22 ,  H01Q3/2682 ,  H01Q25/005

摘要： A millimeter wave imaging system. The system includes at least one millimeter wave frequency scanning antenna for collecting frequency dependent beams of millimeter wave radiation from a narrow one-dimensional field of view; a millimeter wave amplifier for amplifying at the collected frequencies said millimeter wave radiation. A beam-former separates the amplified radiation to produce frequency dependent signals corresponding to the frequency dependent beam. The beam-former includes delay lines, a millimeter wave lens, and an array of millimeter wave power detectors for detecting the power in each frequency dependent beam. A sampling circuit reads out the frequency dependent signals to produce a one-dimensional image of the antenna field of view. A two dimensional image of a target may be obtained by moving the target across the field of view of the scanning antenna or by moving the antenna in order to scan its line of focus over the target. In preferred embodiments a 2×2 Dicke switch is provided to permit sampling a reference thermal source for gain control while continuing to collect image information. This 2×2 Dicke switch provides a square root of 2 improvement in temperature sensitivity over a single receiver version. Preferred embodiments also include features for focusing the antenna within a range of about 5 feet to infinity.

摘要翻译： 毫米波成像系统。 该系统包括至少一个毫米波频率扫描天线，用于从窄的一维视场收集毫米波辐射的频率相关波束; 毫米波放大器，用于在收集的频率上放大所述毫米波辐射。 波束形成器分离放大的辐射以产生对应于频率相关波束的频率相关信号。 波束成形器包括延迟线，毫米波透镜和用于检测每个频率相关光束中的功率的毫米波功率检测器阵列。 采样电路读取频率相关信号以产生天线视场的一维图像。 可以通过在扫描天线的视野上移动目标或通过移动天线以便在目标上扫描其焦点线来获得目标的二维图像。 在优选实施例中，提供2x2Dicke开关以允许对参考热源进行采样以获得增益控制，同时继续收集图像信息。 这个2x2 Dicke开关在单个接收器版本上提供了2个温度灵敏度提高的平方根。 优选实施例还包括用于将天线聚焦在约5英尺至无限远的范围内的特征。

公开(公告)号：US20100214150A1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-26

申请号：US11370680

申请日：2006-03-08

申请人： John Lovberg ,  Chris Martin

发明人： John Lovberg ,  Chris Martin

IPC分类号： G01S13/00

CPC分类号： H01Q3/22 ,  G01K11/006 ,  G01S13/04 ,  G01S13/887 ,  G01S13/89 ,  H01Q1/22 ,  H01Q3/06 ,  H01Q3/2694 ,  H01Q15/144 ,  H01Q15/147 ,  H01Q21/0031 ,  H01Q21/064

摘要： A millimeter wave imaging system. The system includes one or more millimeter wave frequency scanning antenna for collecting frequency dependent beams of millimeter wave radiation from a narrow one-dimensional field of view and millimeter wave amplifier components for amplifying the millimeter wave radiation collected by each antenna. The system includes a beam-former that separates the amplified radiation to produce frequency dependent signals corresponding to the frequency dependent beams. The beam-former includes delay lines, a millimeter wave lens, and an array of millimeter wave power detectors for detecting the power in each frequency dependent beam. A sampling circuit reads out the frequency dependent signals to produce a one-dimensional image of the antenna field of view. A two dimensional image of a target may be obtained by moving the target (or having the target move) across the field of view of the scanning antenna or by moving the antenna in order to scan its line of focus over the target. In preferred embodiments a 2×2 Dicke switch is provided to permit sampling a reference thermal source for gain control while continuing to collect image information. This 2×2 Dicke switch provides a square root of 2 improvement in temperature sensitivity over a single receiver version. Preferred embodiments also include features for focusing the antenna within a range of about 5 feet to infinity.

摘要翻译： 毫米波成像系统。 该系统包括一个或多个毫米波频率扫描天线，用于收集来自窄一维视场的毫米波辐射的频率相关波束和用于放大由每个天线收集的毫米波辐射的毫米波放大器组件。 该系统包括分离放大的辐射的波束形成器，以产生对应于频率相关波束的频率相关信号。 波束成形器包括延迟线，毫米波透镜和用于检测每个频率相关光束中的功率的毫米波功率检测器阵列。 采样电路读取频率相关信号以产生天线视场的一维图像。 可以通过在扫描天线的视野上移动目标（或具有目标移动）或通过移动天线以便在目标上扫描其焦点线来获得目标的二维图像。 在优选实施例中，提供2×2Dicke开关以允许在继续收集图像信息的同时对参考热源进行采样以获得增益控制。 该2×2 Dicke开关在单个接收器版本中提供了2个温度灵敏度提高的平方根。 优选实施例还包括用于将天线聚焦在约5英尺至无限远的范围内的特征。

公开(公告)号：US07432846B2

公开(公告)日：2008-10-07

申请号：US11300827

申请日：2005-12-14

申请人： Chris Martin ,  John Lovberg

发明人： Chris Martin ,  John Lovberg

IPC分类号： G01S13/04

CPC分类号： G01V8/005 ,  H01Q3/22 ,  H01Q3/2682 ,  H01Q25/005

摘要： A millimeter wave imaging system. The system includes at least one millimeter wave frequency scanning antenna for collecting frequency dependent beams of millimeter wave radiation from a narrow one-dimensional field of view; a millimeter wave amplifier for amplifying at the collected frequencies said millimeter wave radiation. A beam-former separates the amplified radiation to produce frequency dependent signals corresponding to the frequency dependent beam. The beam-former includes delay lines, a millimeter wave lens, and an array of millimeter wave power detectors for detecting the power in each frequency dependent beam. A sampling circuit reads out the frequency dependent signals to produce a one-dimensional image of the antenna field of view. A two dimensional image of a target may be obtained by moving the target across the field of view of the scanning antenna or by moving the antenna in order to scan its line of focus over the target. In preferred embodiments a 2×2 Dicke switch is provided to permit sampling a reference thermal source for gain control while continuing to collect image information. This 2×2 Dicke switch provides a square root of 2 improvement in temperature sensitivity over a single receiver version. Preferred embodiments also include features for focusing the antenna within a range of about 5 feet to infinity.

摘要翻译： 毫米波成像系统。 该系统包括至少一个毫米波频率扫描天线，用于从窄的一维视场收集毫米波辐射的频率相关波束; 毫米波放大器，用于在收集的频率上放大所述毫米波辐射。 波束形成器分离放大的辐射以产生对应于频率相关波束的频率相关信号。 波束成形器包括延迟线，毫米波透镜和用于检测每个频率相关光束中的功率的毫米波功率检测器阵列。 采样电路读取频率相关信号以产生天线视场的一维图像。 可以通过在扫描天线的视野上移动目标或通过移动天线以便在目标上扫描其焦点线来获得目标的二维图像。 在优选实施例中，提供2x2Dicke开关以允许对参考热源进行采样以获得增益控制，同时继续收集图像信息。 这个2x2 Dicke开关在单个接收器版本上提供了2个温度灵敏度提高的平方根。 优选实施例还包括用于将天线聚焦在约5英尺至无限远的范围内的特征。

公开(公告)号：US20080100504A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-01

申请号：US11300830

申请日：2005-12-14

申请人： Chris Martin ,  John Lovberg

发明人： Chris Martin ,  John Lovberg

IPC分类号： G01S13/89

CPC分类号： H01Q3/22 ,  G01S13/04 ,  G01S13/887 ,  G01S13/89 ,  H01Q3/2694 ,  H01Q15/144 ,  H01Q21/0031 ,  H01Q21/064

摘要： A passive millimeter wave imaging system that includes at least one millimeter wave frequency scanning antenna and multiple beam formers collecting narrow beams of millimeter wave radiation from a two-dimensional field of view. The collected radiation is amplified and separated into bins corresponding to various vertical and horizontal beam orientations. In a preferred embodiment each beam formers include one phase processor with 232 inputs and 192 outputs that feed into 192 frequency processors. In another preferred embodiment each beam formers include one phase processor with 232 inputs and 72 outputs that feed into only 24 frequency processors. In this second embodiment 26 3×1 PIN diode switches sequentially switch one of three phase processor outputs into a frequency processor. As in the first embodiment two dimensional images of a target are obtained by the simultaneous detection of signal power within each beam and converting it into pixel intensity level. This embodiment is a lower cost and lower weight unit but operates at a rate of 10 frames per second with some reduction in the horizontal field of view.

摘要翻译： 一种被动毫米波成像系统，其包括至少一个毫米波频率扫描天线和从二维视场收集窄波束的毫米波辐射的多个波束形成器。 收集的辐射被放大并分离成对应于各种垂直和水平波束取向的箱。 在优选实施例中，每个波束形成器包括具有232个输入的一个相位处理器和馈送到192个频率处理器中的192个输出。 在另一优选实施例中，每个波束形成器包括具有232个输入的一个相位处理器和仅馈入24个频率处理器的72个输出。 在该第二实施例26中，3×1 PIN二极管开关将三个相位处理器输出中的一个顺序地切换成频率处理器。 如在第一实施例中，目标的二维图像通过同时检测每个波束内的信号功率并将其转换为像素强度水平而获得。 该实施例是较低成本和较低重量的单元，但以每秒10帧的速率工作，水平视野的一些减小。

公开(公告)号：US07948428B2

公开(公告)日：2011-05-24

申请号：US11370680

申请日：2006-03-08

申请人： John Lovberg ,  Chris Martin

发明人： John Lovberg ,  Chris Martin

IPC分类号： G01S13/04

CPC分类号： H01Q3/22 ,  G01K11/006 ,  G01S13/04 ,  G01S13/887 ,  G01S13/89 ,  H01Q1/22 ,  H01Q3/06 ,  H01Q3/2694 ,  H01Q15/144 ,  H01Q15/147 ,  H01Q21/0031 ,  H01Q21/064

摘要： A millimeter wave imaging system. The system includes one or more millimeter wave frequency scanning antenna for collecting frequency dependent beams of millimeter wave radiation from a narrow one-dimensional field of view and millimeter wave amplifier components for amplifying the millimeter wave radiation collected by each antenna. The system includes a beam-former that separates the amplified radiation to produce frequency dependent signals corresponding to the frequency dependent beams. The beam-former includes delay lines, a millimeter wave lens, and an array of millimeter wave power detectors for detecting the power in each frequency dependent beam. A sampling circuit reads out the frequency dependent signals to produce a one-dimensional image of the antenna field of view. A two dimensional image of a target may be obtained by moving the target (or having the target move) across the field of view of the scanning antenna or by moving the antenna in order to scan its line of focus over the target. In preferred embodiments a 2×2 Dicke switch is provided to permit sampling a reference thermal source for gain control while continuing to collect image information. This 2×2 Dicke switch provides a square root of 2 improvement in temperature sensitivity over a single receiver version. Preferred embodiments also include features for focusing the antenna within a range of about 5 feet to infinity.

摘要翻译： 毫米波成像系统。 该系统包括一个或多个毫米波频率扫描天线，用于收集来自窄一维视场的毫米波辐射的频率相关波束和用于放大由每个天线收集的毫米波辐射的毫米波放大器组件。 该系统包括分离放大的辐射的波束形成器，以产生对应于频率相关波束的频率相关信号。 波束成形器包括延迟线，毫米波透镜和用于检测每个频率相关光束中的功率的毫米波功率检测器阵列。 采样电路读取频率相关信号以产生天线视场的一维图像。 可以通过在扫描天线的视野上移动目标（或具有目标移动）或通过移动天线以便在目标上扫描其焦点线来获得目标的二维图像。 在优选实施例中，提供2×2Dicke开关以允许在继续收集图像信息的同时对参考热源进行采样以获得增益控制。 该2×2 Dicke开关在单个接收器版本中提供了2个温度灵敏度提高的平方根。 优选实施例还包括用于将天线聚焦在约5英尺至无限远的范围内的特征。

公开(公告)号：US20120249363A1

公开(公告)日：2012-10-04

申请号：US13374362

申请日：2011-12-22

申请人： Vladimir Kolinko ,  Chris Sexton ,  Grant Bishop ,  John Lovberg

发明人： Vladimir Kolinko ,  Chris Sexton ,  Grant Bishop ,  John Lovberg

IPC分类号： G01S13/06

CPC分类号： G01S13/89 ,  G01S7/35 ,  G01S13/345 ,  G01S13/426 ,  G01S13/867 ,  G01S2013/916 ,  H01Q19/175 ,  H01Q21/0043

摘要： A long range millimeter wave imaging radar system. Preferred embodiments are positioned to detect foreign object debris objects on surface of the runway, taxiways and other areas of interest. The system includes electronics adapted to produce millimeter wave radiation scanned over a frequency range of a few gigahertz. The scanned millimeter wave radiation is broadcast through a frequency scanned antenna to produce a narrow scanned transmit beam in a first scanned direction (such as the vertical direction) defining a narrow, approximately one dimensional, electronically scanned field of view corresponding to the scanned millimeter wave frequencies. The antenna is mechanically pivoted or scanned in a second scanned direction perpendicular to the first scanned direction so as to define a two-dimensional field of view.

摘要翻译： 远程毫米波成像雷达系统。 定位优选实施例以检测跑道，滑行道和其他感兴趣区域的表面上的异物物体。 该系统包括适于产生在几千兆赫的频率范围上扫描的毫米波辐射的电子装置。 通过频率扫描天线广播扫描的毫米波辐射，以在第一扫描方向（例如垂直方向）上产生窄扫描的发射波束，其限定对应于扫描的毫米波的窄的，大致一维的电子扫描的视场 频率 天线以垂直于第一扫描方向的第二扫描方向机械地枢转或扫描，以便限定二维视场。

公开(公告)号：US07782251B2

公开(公告)日：2010-08-24

申请号：US12286981

申请日：2008-10-03

申请人： Grant Bishop ,  John Lovberg ,  Vladimar Kolinko

发明人： Grant Bishop ,  John Lovberg ,  Vladimar Kolinko

IPC分类号： G01S13/89

CPC分类号： G01S13/89 ,  G01S13/345 ,  G01S13/426 ,  G01S13/867 ,  G01S2013/916 ,  H01Q19/175 ,  H01Q21/0043

摘要： A short range millimeter wave imaging radar system. The system includes electronics adapted to produce millimeter wave radiation scanned over a frequency range of a few gigahertz. The scanned millimeter wave radiation is broadcast through a frequency scanned transmit antenna to produce a narrow transmit beam in a first scanned direction (such as the vertical direction) corresponding to the scanned millimeter wave frequencies. The transmit antenna is scanned to transmit beam in a second direction perpendicular to the first scanned direction (such as the horizontal or the azimuthal direction) so as to define a two-dimensional field of view. Reflected millimeter wave radiation is collected in a receive frequency scanned antenna co-located (or approximately co-located) with the transmit antenna and adapted to produce a narrow receive beam approximately co-directed in the same directions as the transmitted beam in approximately the same field of view. Computer processor equipment compares the intensity of the receive millimeter radar signals for a pre-determined set of ranges and known directions of the transmit and receive beams as a function of time to produce a radar image of at least a desired portion of the field of view. In preferred embodiment the invention is mounted on a truck and adapted as a FOD finder system to detect and locate FOD on airport surfaces.

摘要翻译： 一种短距离毫米波成像雷达系统。 该系统包括适于产生在几千兆赫的频率范围上扫描的毫米波辐射的电子装置。 扫描的毫米波辐射通过频率扫描的发射天线广播，以在对应于扫描的毫米波频率的第一扫描方向（例如垂直方向）上产生窄的发射波束。 扫描发射天线以垂直于第一扫描方向的第二方向（例如水平或方位方向）发射波束，以便限定二维视场。 反射的毫米波辐射被收集在与发射天线共同定位（或近似共定位）的接收频率扫描天线中，并且适于产生大致相同方向的窄接收波束，所述窄接收波束与大致相同的发射波束 视野 计算机处理器设备将接收毫米雷达信号的强度与发射和接收波束的预定范围和已知方向作为时间的函数进行比较，以产生视场的至少期望部分的雷达图像 。 在优选实施例中，本发明安装在卡车上并且适于作为FOD取景器系统来检测和定位机场表面上的FOD。

公开(公告)号：US07415244B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-19

申请号：US11180105

申请日：2005-07-12

申请人： Vladimir Kolinko ,  John Lovberg

发明人： Vladimir Kolinko ,  John Lovberg

IPC分类号： H04B7/14

CPC分类号： G01S13/89 ,  G01V8/005

摘要： A broad-band millimeter wave imaging system with improved thermal resolution as compared to prior art devices. The system is useful for producing images of metal and non-metal objects such as guns, knives and explosives hidden under clothing. A cylindrical antenna focuses millimeter wave radiation from a substantially one dimensional section of a target region onto a linear array of radiation collectors. Radiation collected at each collector is amplified to produce a set of amplified millimeter wave signals and the amplified signals pass through focusing delay lines to a millimeter wave lens. Millimeter wave signals are collected at the output of the lens and the collected signals are monitored by an array of detectors. The combined effects of the delay lines and the lens produce a focus of the amplified millimeter wave radiation emitted and reflected from the one dimensional section of the target region. The array of millimeter wave detectors at the focus of the lens produces a one dimensional image of the one dimensional section of the target region. The antenna is scanned to produce a two dimensional image of the complete target region. The two dimensional image is displayed on a monitor screen. A full two-dimensional image of a human subject located at a stand-off distance of several meters (e.g., 7 meters) from the imager is acquired in few seconds time frame.

摘要翻译： 与现有技术的装置相比，具有改进的热分辨率的宽带毫米波成像系统。 该系统对于生产隐藏在衣服下的金属和非金属物体如枪支，刀具和爆炸物的图像很有用。 圆柱形天线将来自目标区域的基本上一维部分的毫米波辐射聚焦到辐射收集器的线阵列上。 在每个收集器处收集的辐射被放大以产生一组放大的毫米波信号，并且放大的信号通过聚焦延迟线到毫米波透镜。 毫米波信号被收集在透镜的输出处，并且所收集的信号由检测器阵列监测。 延迟线和透镜的组合效应产生从目标区域的一维部分发射和反射的放大的毫米波辐射的焦点。 在透镜焦点处的毫米波检测器阵列产生目标区域的一维部分的一维图像。 扫描天线以产生完整目标区域的二维图像。 二维图像显示在监视器屏幕上。 在几秒钟的时间内获取位于与成像器几米（例如7米）的间隔距离处的人体对象的完整二维图像。

公开(公告)号：US20060178142A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-10

申请号：US11249787

申请日：2005-10-12

申请人： John Lovberg ,  David Lilly ,  Eric Korevaar ,  Richard Chedester

发明人： John Lovberg ,  David Lilly ,  Eric Korevaar ,  Richard Chedester

IPC分类号： H04Q7/20

CPC分类号： H04B1/38 ,  H04B7/18504

摘要： A point-to-point, wireless, millimeter wave communications link between two stations at least one of which is a mobile station. A millimeter wave transmitter system operating at frequencies higher than 57 GHz with a tracking antenna producing a beam having a half-power beam width of about 2 degrees or less and a millimeter wave receiver also with a tracking antenna having a half-power beam width of about 2 degrees or less. In preferred embodiments each mobile station has a global position system (GPS) and a radio transmitter and both tracking antennas are pointed utilizing GPS information from the mobile station or stations. The GPS information preferably is transmitted via a low frequency, low data rate radio. Each millimeter wave unit is capable of transmitting and/or receiving, through the atmosphere, digital information to/from the other station at rates in excess of 155 million bits per second during normal weather conditions. In preferred embodiments actually built and tested by Applicants digital information has been transmitted at rates of 1.25 gigabits per second. Preferred communication links described here are millimeter wave links operating at frequencies of 71-73 GHz and 74-76 GHz mounted on simple two-axis gimbals. Pointing information of the required accuracy is provided by GPS receivers and standard radio links which send the GPS calculated positions to the millimeter wave systems at the opposite end of the link. In these embodiments there is no need for any complicated closed loop pointing information derived from received signal intensity or phase. On moving platforms locally generated inertial attitude information is combined with the GPS positions to control pointing of the gimbaled transceivers.

摘要翻译： 两个站点之间的点到点，无线，毫米波通信链路，其中至少一个是移动站。 一个在高于57GHz频率工作的毫米波发射机系统，具有产生具有大约2度或更小的半功率波束宽度的波束的跟踪天线以及具有半波束宽度的跟踪天线的毫米波接收机 约2度以下。 在优选实施例中，每个移动站具有全球定位系统（GPS）和无线电发射机，并且利用来自移动站或站的GPS信息来指示两个跟踪天线。 GPS信息优选地经由低频，低数据速率无线电发送。 每个毫米波单元能够在正常天气条件下，以大于每秒155百万比特的速率向大气传送和/或从另一台站发送数字信息。 在由申请人实际构建和测试的优选实施例中，已经以1.25吉比特/秒的速率传送数字信息。 这里描述的优选通信链路是安装在简单的双轴万向台上的以71-73GHz和74-76GHz频率工作的毫米波链路。 所需精度的指向信息由GPS接收机和标准无线电链路提供，GPS接收机和链路的相对端发送GPS计算的位置到毫米波系统。 在这些实施例中，不需要从接收到的信号强度或相位导出的任何复杂的闭环指向信息。 在移动平台上，本地产生的惯性姿态信息与GPS位置相结合，以控制万向收发器的指向。

公开(公告)号：US20060017605A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-26

申请号：US11216277

申请日：2005-08-30

申请人： John Lovberg ,  Vladimir Kolinko ,  Robert Bible

发明人： John Lovberg ,  Vladimir Kolinko ,  Robert Bible

IPC分类号： G01S13/04 ,  G01S13/89 ,  G01V3/12

CPC分类号： G01S13/887 ,  G01K7/226 ,  G01V8/005 ,  H01Q19/062 ,  H01Q19/13

摘要： A millimeter wave portal imaging system for the detection of concealed weapons, explosives and other contraband items. A preferred millimeter wave imaging system includes a number (such as 64) of millimeter wave detection units each including a frequency scanning antenna and associated electronics. The units are mounted in four posts (16 per post) of a portal structure. Each unit collects frequency dependent beams of millimeter wave radiation from a narrow one-dimensional field of view. The collected radiation from each unit is amplified at the collected frequencies and the amplified signals are separated into frequency dependent bins with a tapped-delay beam-former. These bins are then sampled to produce a one-dimensional image of the antenna field of view. A two dimensional image of a portion of a person passing through the portal is obtained by moving the person (or having the person move) across the field of view of each of the frequency scanning antennas. The images from the antennas can be monitored separately or data from the antennas can be combined with a computer processor to form images of the person.

摘要翻译： 一种用于检测隐蔽武器，爆炸物和其他违禁品的毫米波门控成像系统。 优选的毫米波成像系统包括多个（例如64个）毫米波检测单元，每个毫米波检测单元包括频率扫描天线和相关的电子设备。 这些单位安装在门户结构的四个职位（每个职位16个）中。 每个单元从狭窄的一维视场收集毫米波辐射的频率相关光束。 来自每个单元的收集的辐射以收集的频率被放大，并且放大的信号被分离成具有抽头延迟波束成形器的频率依赖的箱。 然后对这些箱进行采样以产生天线视场的一维图像。 通过在每个频率扫描天线的视场中移动人（或有人移动）来获得穿过门户的人的一部分的二维图像。 可以分别监视来自天线的图像，或者可以将来自天线的数据与计算机处理器组合以形成人的图像。