公开(公告)号：US06936370B1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-30

申请号：US09643550

申请日：2000-08-22

申请人： Shanna D. Knights ,  David P. Wilkinson ,  Stephen A. Campbell ,  Jared L. Taylor ,  John M. Gascoyne ,  Thomas R. Ralph

发明人： Shanna D. Knights ,  David P. Wilkinson ,  Stephen A. Campbell ,  Jared L. Taylor ,  John M. Gascoyne ,  Thomas R. Ralph

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M4/96

CPC分类号： H01M4/9075 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/925 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M10/4235 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2300/0005 ,  H01M2300/0082

摘要： In a solid polymer fuel cell series, various circumstances can result in the fuel cell being driven into voltage reversal. For instance, cell voltage reversal can occur if that cell receives an inadequate supply of fuel (for example, fuel starvation). In order to pass current during fuel starvation, reactions other than fuel oxidation may take place at the fuel cell anode, including water electrolysis and oxidation of anode components. The latter may result in significant degradation of the anode. Such fuel cells can be made more tolerant to cell reversal by promoting water electrolysis over anode component oxidation at the anode. This can be accomplished by incorporating a catalyst composition at the anode to promote the water electrolysis reaction, in addition to the typical anode electrocatalyst for promoting fuel oxidation.

摘要翻译： 在固体聚合物燃料电池系列中，各种情况可导致燃料电池被驱动进入电压反转。 例如，如果该电池接收到不足的燃料供应（例如，燃料不足），则可能发生电池电压反转。 为了在燃料不足期间通过电流，燃料氧化以外的反应可能发生在燃料电池阳极，包括水电解和阳极组件的氧化。 后者可能导致阳极的显着降解。 通过在阳极上的阳极组分氧化促进水电解，可以使这种燃料电池更容忍电池逆转。 这可以通过在阳极处引入催化剂组合物以促进水电解反应来实现，除了用于促进燃料氧化的典型的阳极电催化剂之外。

公开(公告)号：US20090214765A1

公开(公告)日：2009-08-27

申请号：US12463902

申请日：2009-05-11

申请人： John M. Gascoyne ,  Shanna D. Knights ,  Thomas R. Ralph ,  Jared L. Taylor ,  David P. Wilkinson

发明人： John M. Gascoyne ,  Shanna D. Knights ,  Thomas R. Ralph ,  Jared L. Taylor ,  David P. Wilkinson

IPC分类号： H01M4/88 ,  B05D5/12

CPC分类号： H01M8/04559 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/9075 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/925 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/04582 ,  H01M8/04671 ,  H01M8/04902 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M10/4235 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2300/0005 ,  H01M2300/0082

摘要： A voltage reversal tolerant fuel cell anode structure that includes a gas diffusion layer is prepared by a method that comprises: (a) applying to the gas diffusion layer a first carbon component comprising a sacrificial carbon component having substantially no resistance to corrosion during cell reversal at fuel cell operating temperatures, and (b) applying to the gas diffusion layer a second carbon component. The first carbon material has a BET surface area of at least 350 m2g−1. The second carbon component supports an electrocatalyst material and has substantially more resistance to corrosion during cell reversal at fuel cell operating temperatures than the first carbon component.

摘要翻译： 包括气体扩散层的耐电压逆转燃料电池阳极结构通过以下方法制备：（a）向气体扩散层施加包含牺牲性碳成分的第一碳成分，所述牺牲性碳成分在电池反转期间基本上不具有耐腐蚀性 燃料电池工作温度，和（b）向气体扩散层施加第二碳组分。 第一碳材料的BET表面积至少为350m 2 / g。 第二碳组分支持电催化剂材料，并且在燃料电池工作温度下比第一碳组分在电池反转期间具有更大的抗腐蚀性。

公开(公告)号：US5795669A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-18

申请号：US628161

申请日：1996-04-05

申请人： David Wilkinson ,  Henry H. Voss ,  Keith B. Prater ,  Graham A. Hards ,  Thomas R. Ralph ,  David Thompsett

发明人： David Wilkinson ,  Henry H. Voss ,  Keith B. Prater ,  Graham A. Hards ,  Thomas R. Ralph ,  David Thompsett

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M4/8657

摘要： An electrode comprises a first catalytic component active at gas-phase reaction sites and a second catalytic component active at electrochemical reaction sites wherein each catalytic component is present either as a separate layer, or a single mixed layer or a combination of a separate layer and a single mixed layer. The electrode has an improved tolerance to poisons such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

摘要翻译： 电极包括在气相反应位点处有活性的第一催化组分和在电化学反应位点处活化的第二催化组分，其中每个催化组分作为单独的层或单一混合层或单独的层和 单层混合层。 电极对一氧化碳和二氧化碳等毒素具有改善的耐受性。

公开(公告)号：US5501915A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-26

申请号：US429460

申请日：1995-04-26

申请人： Graham A. Hards ,  Thomas R. Ralph

发明人： Graham A. Hards ,  Thomas R. Ralph

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/8835 ,  H01M4/8839 ,  H01M4/8846 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/8892 ,  Y02P70/56

摘要： A porous electrode suitable for use in a membrane electrode assembly for solid polymer fuel cells comprises a highly dispersed precious metal catalyst on particulate carbon impregnated with proton conducting polymer, and, a further component comprising hydrophobic polymer and a dispersion of particulate carbon, the loading of precious metal being 0.011-1.0 mg/cm.sup.2 of geometric electrode area. Said electrode demonstrates high effective platinum surface area and power density output when fabricated into a membrane electrode assembly.

摘要翻译： 适合用于固体聚合物燃料电池的膜电极组件的多孔电极包括用质子传导聚合物浸渍的颗粒碳上的高度分散的贵金属催化剂，以及包含疏水性聚合物和颗粒状碳分散体的另外的组分， 贵金属为几何电极面积为0.011-1.0mg / cm2。 当制造成膜电极组件时，所述电极表现出高有效的铂表面积和功率密度输出。