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公开(公告)号：US06578367B1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-17
申请号：US09796800
申请日：2001-03-02
申请人： John W. Schaefer , Mark Heyman
发明人： John W. Schaefer , Mark Heyman
IPC分类号： F25B1900
CPC分类号： F25D29/001 , F25D3/102
摘要： A liquid nitrogen cooling assembly incorporating a liquid detector which feeds back to control the nitrogen supply is disclosed. A pressure-controlled nitrogen source (e.g., a dewar) feeds liquid nitrogen to a heat exchanger mounted to a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) cell. The DSC cell is cooled as liquid nitrogen in the heat exchanger contacting the cell is vaporized into nitrogen gas. The exhaust (nitrogen gas and, occasionally, nitrogen liquid) is fed to a liquid detection/evaporator assembly. If liquid nitrogen is detected in the exhaust by the liquid detection/evaporator assembly, an indication is fed back using a liquid detection feedback loop to a pressure control device. The pressure control device reduces the amount of pressure on the nitrogen source in order to eliminate liquid in the exhaust. When there is liquid in the exhaust, the liquid detection/evaporator assembly also collects and vaporizes the exhaust liquid so that it can be properly vented to atmosphere in gas form. When liquid is no longer detected in the exhaust, the pressure control device increases the pressure on the liquid nitrogen source until liquid is detected in the exhaust. Subsequent cycles control pressure in this manner to keep the heat exchanger full of liquid nitrogen.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种包含反馈以控制氮气供应的液体检测器的液氮冷却组件。 压力控制的氮源（例如，杜瓦瓶）将液氮送入安装在差示扫描量热法（DSC）池的热交换器。 在接触细胞的热交换器中，将液体氮气冷却到氮气气氛中。 将排气（氮气，有时为氮气）供给到液体检测/蒸发器组件。 如果通过液体检测/蒸发器组件在排气中检测到液氮，则使用液体检测反馈回路向压力控制装置反馈指示。 压力控制装置减少氮源上的压力量，以消除排气中的液体。 当排气中存在液体时，液体检测/蒸发器组件也收集和蒸发排出液体，使其能够以气体形式适当地排放到大气中。 当在排气中不再检测到液体时，压力控制装置增加液氮源上的压力，直到在排气中检测到液体。 随后的循环以这种方式控制压力以保持热交换器充满液氮。
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2.发明授权System and method for a thermogravimetric analyzer having improved dynamic weight baseline 有权具有改进的动态重量基线的热重分析仪的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US07416328B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-26
申请号：US11317050
申请日：2005-12-27
申请人： Robert L. Danley , John W. Schaefer
发明人： Robert L. Danley , John W. Schaefer
CPC分类号： G01N5/04 , G01G19/52 , Y10S436/908
摘要： Systems and methods for minimizing extraneous forces and calculating corrected weights of samples based on buoyancy factors for a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The TGA includes a balance chamber and a furnace configured to heat a sample. A null balance is provided in the balance chamber and is used to measure the sample weight change during heating. The furnace includes a cylinder open at the top to receive a sample. The bottom of the cylinder is closed except for a small hole that allows a thermocouple to pass through. An infrared heat source may be provided to heat the cylinder. The balance chamber can be thermally isolated from the furnace using an actively cooled plate and a system of heat shields disposed between the furnace and balance chamber. A thermocouple disk is further provided to limit gas flow in the furnace and increase reliability of sample weight measurements.
摘要翻译： 基于热重分析仪（TGA）的浮力因子，最小化外来力并计算样本的校正重量的系统和方法。 TGA包括配置成加热样品的平衡室和炉。 在平衡室中提供零平衡，用于在加热期间测量样品重量变化。 该炉包括在顶部开口以接收样品的圆筒。 气缸的底部是封闭的，除了允许热电偶通过的小孔。 可以提供红外热源来加热气缸。 平衡室可以使用主动冷却的板和设置在炉和平衡室之间的隔热系统与炉热隔离。 还提供热电偶盘以限制炉中的气体流动并增加样品重量测量的可靠性。
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公开(公告)号：US07175900B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-13
申请号：US10408909
申请日：2003-04-08
申请人： John W. Schaefer
发明人： John W. Schaefer
CPC分类号： B29C44/06 , A61G7/05715 , A61G13/10 , B32B5/18 , B32B37/12 , B32B38/1866 , B32B2305/022 , B32B2305/08 , Y10T428/233 , Y10T428/239 , Y10T428/24273 , Y10T428/249978 , Y10T428/249981 , Y10T428/249987 , Y10T428/249991 , Y10T428/249992
摘要： A cushioning and positioning pad has a body formed from superposed layers of resiliently compressible foam material and a reinforcing sheet embedded between adjacent layers. The reinforcing sheet is of such stiffness as to resist contraction along its length and width dimensions, but is resiliently bendable in response to the application of a force along its thickness dimension. The reinforcing sheet resists undesirable contraction lengthwise and widthwise of the pad when the latter is encapsulated in a curable coating of material which shrinks as it cures.
摘要翻译： 缓冲和定位垫具有由可弹性压缩泡沫材料的叠层和嵌入相邻层之间的加强片形成的主体。 加强片具有如下刚度，以抵抗沿其长度和宽度尺寸的收缩，但是响应于沿其厚度尺寸施加力而弹性弯曲。 当垫片被封装在可固化的材料的可固化涂层中时，该加强板可抵抗长度方向和宽度方向的不希望的收缩。
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公开(公告)号：US07458117B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-02
申请号：US11022101
申请日：2004-12-23
申请人： John W. Schaefer
发明人： John W. Schaefer
CPC分类号： A61B6/0428 , A61G1/04 , A61G7/0507 , A61G7/051 , A61G7/0515 , A61G7/0518 , A61G13/102
摘要： A sheet assembly adapted to occupy a position beneath a patient and an upper surface of a patient support. The assembly has overlying upper and lower pliable sheets formed of a material of low density gradient and having central sections from which upper and lower flaps extend laterally. The lower flaps may be secured to the patient support and the upper flaps may be elevated to and maintained at a level above that of the upper surface of the patient support, thereby providing a safeguard against the patient's falling off the support surface.
摘要翻译： 适于占据患者下方的位置和患者支架的上表面的片组件。 该组件具有由低密度梯度的材料形成的覆盖上和下柔性片，并且具有中间部分，上侧和下侧翼片从该中心部分侧向延伸。 下襟翼可以固定到患者支撑件上，并且上襟翼可以被提升到并保持在高于患者支撑件的上表面的水平面上方，从而提供抵抗患者脱离支撑表面的保护。
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5.发明授权Dynamic and thermal mechanical analyzer having an optical encoder with diffraction grating and a linear permanent magnet motor 失效动态和热力机械分析仪具有带有衍射光栅的光学编码器和线性永磁电动机
公开(公告)号：US5710426A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-20
申请号：US609547
申请日：1996-03-01
IPC分类号： G01N25/16 , F27B5/16 , F27B17/02 , F27D1/00 , F27D9/00 , G01N3/00 , G01N3/06 , G01N3/18 , G01N19/00 , H01J3/14
CPC分类号： G01N3/18 , F27B17/02 , F27B5/16 , F27D1/0006 , G01N3/068 , F27B2005/164 , F27D1/0033 , F27D9/00 , G01N2203/0226
摘要： A dynamic and thermal mechanical analyzer incorporating a slide driven vertically in an air bearing guidance system with a large displacement capacity, very low friction and low mass. The position of the slide is measured by digitizing and interpolating two quadrature output signals generated by an optical encoder with very high spatial resolution and a long stroke. A force is applied to the slide using a linear permanent magnet motor with high force, high force linearity and low sensitivity to temperature variations. Position signals derived from the digitized and interpolated quadrature output signals are analyzed as a function of the applied force to calculate viscoelastic properties of a sample of material.
摘要翻译： 一种动态和热力机械分析仪，其包括在具有大排量容量，非常低摩擦和低质量的空气轴承引导系统中垂直驱动的滑块。 通过数字化和内插由具有非常高的空间分辨率和长行程的光学编码器产生的两个正交输出信号来测量幻灯片的位置。 使用具有高力，高力线性度和对温度变化的低灵敏度的线性永磁电动机将力施加到滑块。 根据所施加的力分析从数字化和内插正交输出信号得到的位置信号，以计算材料样品的粘弹性。
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公开(公告)号：US5915283A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-22
申请号：US769540
申请日：1996-12-19
IPC分类号： G01N25/16 , F27B5/16 , F27B17/02 , F27D1/00 , F27D9/00 , G01N3/00 , G01N3/06 , G01N3/18 , G01N19/00 , G01N1/00
CPC分类号： G01N3/18 , F27B17/02 , F27B5/16 , F27D1/0006 , G01N3/068 , F27B2005/164 , F27D1/0033 , F27D9/00 , G01N2203/0226
摘要： A heat shield and insulation system comprised of multiple layers of metallic sheets separated by small protrusions or dimples in the metallic sheets. The multiple layers are formed by spirally winding a coil of the metallic sheet around the sample enclosure. The protrusions are formed by stamping the metallic sheets, preferably in a random patterns, such that one set of protrusions does not nest in the protrusions formed in a neighboring sheet. The spacing between the layers of metallic sheets is small, such that convection does not occur in the space between the layers. Accordingly, the heat transfer between the layers of the metallic sheets is primarily radiative or via thermal conduction through the gas. The two ends of the helically wound metallic sheet are insulated by multiple thin metallic disks.
摘要翻译： 隔热和绝缘系统由多层金属片组成，金属片由金属片中的小突起或凹坑分开。 通过将金属片的线圈螺旋地卷绕在样品外壳周围形成多个层。 通过冲压金属片，优选以无规图案形成突起，使得一组突起不嵌套在形成在相邻片中的突起中。 金属板之间的间隔很小，使得层之间的空间中不会发生对流。 因此，金属片层之间的热传递主要是辐射的或通过气体的热传导。 螺旋缠绕的金属片的两端由多个细金属盘绝缘。
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公开(公告)号：US5890788A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-06
申请号：US988326
申请日：1997-12-10
CPC分类号： G09B9/326
摘要： An optical system (10) has an image source (12), a first optical element (34), a second optical element (50), and an aperture stop (52). The first optical element (34) is positioned close to the image source (12) to generate anamophic field curvature of matching the display screen (16). The radiation is then directed to the second optical element (50) which corrects astigmatism of the radiation passing from the first optical element (34). The aperture stop (52) is provided adjacent to the second optical element (50). The system may be used in an infinite display optical system where the radiation would be directed through projector 14 to a screen (16). A mirror (18) is positioned to reflect the radiation from the screen (16) to provide an image to a viewer.
摘要翻译： 光学系统（10）具有图像源（12），第一光学元件（34），第二光学元件（50）和孔径光阑（52）。 第一光学元件（34）定位成靠近图像源（12）以产生与显示屏幕（16）匹配的吸气曲率。 然后将辐射导向第二光学元件（50），该第二光学元件校正从第一光学元件（34）通过的辐射的散光。 孔径光阑（52）设置成与第二光学元件（50）相邻。 该系统可以用在无限显示光学系统中，其中辐射将被引导通过投影仪14到屏幕（16）。 反射镜（18）被定位成反射来自屏幕（16）的辐射，以向观看者提供图像。
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8.发明授权System and method for a thermogravimetric analyzer having improved dynamic weight baseline 有权具有改进的动态重量基线的热重分析仪的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US07566167B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-28
申请号：US12025279
申请日：2008-02-04
申请人： Robert L. Danley , John W. Schaefer
发明人： Robert L. Danley , John W. Schaefer
CPC分类号： G01N5/04 , G01G19/52 , Y10S436/908
摘要： Systems and methods for minimizing extraneous forces and calculating corrected weights of samples based on buoyancy factors for a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The TGA includes a balance chamber and a furnace configured to heat a sample. A null balance is provided in the balance chamber and is used to measure the sample weight change during heating. The furnace includes a cylinder open at the top to receive a sample. The bottom of the cylinder is closed except for a small hole that allows a thermocouple to pass through. An infrared heat source may be provided to heat the cylinder. The balance chamber can be thermally isolated from the furnace using an actively cooled plate and a system of heat shields disposed between the furnace and balance chamber. A thermocouple disk is further provided to limit gas flow in the furnace and increase reliability of sample weight measurements.
摘要翻译： 基于热重分析仪（TGA）的浮力因子，最小化外来力并计算样本的校正重量的系统和方法。 TGA包括配置成加热样品的平衡室和炉。 在平衡室中提供零平衡，用于在加热期间测量样品重量变化。 该炉包括在顶部开口以接收样品的圆筒。 气缸的底部是封闭的，除了允许热电偶通过的小孔。 可以提供红外热源来加热气缸。 平衡室可以使用主动冷却的板和设置在炉和平衡室之间的隔热系统与炉热隔离。 还提供热电偶盘以限制炉中的气体流动并增加样品重量测量的可靠性。
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公开(公告)号：US5288147A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US973416
申请日：1992-11-09
申请人： John W. Schaefer , Robert L. Danley
发明人： John W. Schaefer , Robert L. Danley
CPC分类号： G01N25/4866 , G01K17/00 , G01N25/482
摘要： A differential thermal analysis sensor consisting of two low-impedance differential thermopiles. Each thermopile consists of a series of thermocouples joined in series, with the measuring junctions of the thermocouples arranged around a uniform temperature measuring region, and the thermoelectric reference junctions of the thermocouples arranged around a uniform temperature thermoelectric reference region. The differential thermal analysis sensor can be used for single-sample heat flux differential thermal analysis measurements, dual-sample heat flux differential thermal analysis measurements, or power compensation differential thermal analysis measurements.
摘要翻译： 差分热分析传感器由两个低阻抗差分热电堆组成。 每个热电堆由一系列串联的热电偶组成，热电偶的测量接头布置在均匀的温度测量区域周围，热电偶的热电参考接合点布置在均匀温度的热电参考区域周围。 差分热分析传感器可用于单样本热通量差分热分析测量，双样本热通量差分热分析测量或功率补偿差分热分析测量。
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公开(公告)号：US4213770A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-22
申请号：US25860
申请日：1979-04-02
申请人： John W. Schaefer
发明人： John W. Schaefer
摘要： A pollutant separator having a cooling coil and a filter includes a scrubber device. The scrubber has a tube with holes in the walls thereof for the passage of fluid to and from a closed collection chamber. A series of spring biased balls within the tube serve as scrubber elements. Extending around part of the outside of the tube is a slidable spring-biased ring valve having a shoulder on which fluid pressure is exerted through a passage extending from inside the tube. The ring valve slides over some of the tube holes causing fluctuations in pressure within the scrubber unit to enhance vibratory, scrubbing motion of the balls contained therein.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThis is a continuation-in-part of my copending application, Ser. No. 764,707, filed Feb. 1, 1977 now abandoned, which is in turn a continuation of my abandoned application, Ser. No. 566,608, filed Apr. 8, 1975, which was a continuation-in-part of my application Ser. No. 415,649 now abandoned, filed November 14, 1973, which was in turn a continuation-in-part of my abandoned application, Ser. No. 308,496, filed Nov. 21, 1972, and entitled Engine Emission Pollutant Separator.
摘要翻译： 具有冷却盘管和过滤器的污染物分离器包括洗涤器装置。 洗涤器具有在其壁中具有孔的管，用于使流体进入和离开封闭的收集室。 管内的一系列弹簧偏压球用作洗涤器元件。 在管的外部的一部分周围延伸的是具有肩部的可滑动的弹簧偏压环形阀，其上通过从管内延伸的通道施加流体压力。 环形阀在一些管孔上滑动，导致洗涤器单元内的压力波动，以增强其中所含的球的振动，擦洗运动。
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