Method for tomographic inversion by matrix transformation
    1.
    发明授权
    Method for tomographic inversion by matrix transformation 有权
    基于矩阵变换的断层反演方法

    公开(公告)号:US07675818B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-03-09

    申请号:US11989211

    申请日:2006-07-05

    IPC分类号: G01V1/28

    CPC分类号: G01V1/303

    摘要: Method for reducing instability and increasing computational efficiency in tomographic inversion for velocity model building. A system of tomographic equations is developed for a uniform grid. A non-uniform parameterization is found for which a linear mapping exists between the space of the uniform grid and the space of the non-uniform grid. The matrix that relates velocity to the tomographic data in the non-uniform representation is then given by the matrix product of the corresponding matrix in the uniform grid representation and the mapping matrix. Inversion can then be performed for the non-uniform parameterization on a smaller, more stable matrix.

    摘要翻译: 降低速度模型建立断层反演中不稳定性和提高计算效率的方法。 开发了一种用于统一网格的断层方程系统。 在均匀网格的空间与非均匀网格的空间之间存在线性映射,发现了非均匀参数化。 然后在均匀网格表示和映射矩阵中,通过相应矩阵的矩阵乘积给出将速度与非均匀表示中的断层数据相关联的矩阵。 然后可以对较小,更稳定的矩阵进行非均匀参数化的反转。

    Method for Tomographic Inversion by Matrix Transformation
    2.
    发明申请
    Method for Tomographic Inversion by Matrix Transformation 有权
    矩阵变换反演的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20090120634A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-05-14

    申请号:US11989211

    申请日:2006-07-05

    CPC分类号: G01V1/303

    摘要: Method for reducing instability and increasing computational efficiency in tomographic inversion for velocity model building. A system of tomographic equations is developed for a uniform grid. A non-uniform parameterization is found for which a linear mapping exists between the space of the uniform grid and the space of the non-uniform grid. The matrix that relates velocity to the tomographic data in the non-uniform representation is then given by the matrix product of the corresponding matrix in the uniform grid representation and the mapping matrix. Inversion can then be performed for the non-uniform parameterization on a smaller, more stable matrix.

    摘要翻译: 降低速度模型建立断层反演中不稳定性和提高计算效率的方法。 开发了一种用于统一网格的断层方程系统。 在均匀网格的空间与非均匀网格的空间之间存在线性映射,发现了非均匀参数化。 然后在均匀网格表示和映射矩阵中,通过相应矩阵的矩阵乘积给出将速度与非均匀表示中的断层数据相关联的矩阵。 然后可以对较小,更稳定的矩阵进行非均匀参数化的反转。

    Updating velocity models using migration velocity scans
    3.
    发明授权
    Updating velocity models using migration velocity scans 有权
    使用迁移速度扫描更新速度模型

    公开(公告)号:US08203907B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-06-19

    申请号:US12300093

    申请日:2007-03-16

    IPC分类号: G01V1/00

    CPC分类号: G01V1/303

    摘要: Method for updating a velocity model (926) for migrating seismic data using migration velocity scans with the objective of building a model that reproduces the same travel times that produced selected optimal images from a scan. For each optimal pick location (914) in the corresponding test velocity model (916), a corresponding location is determined (922) in the velocity model to be updated, using a criterion that the travel time to the surface for a zero offset ray (918) should be the same. Imaging travel times are then computed from the determined location to various surface locations in the update model (924), and those times are compared to travel times in the test velocity model from the optimal pick location to the same array of surface locations. The updating process consists of adjusting the model to minimize the travel time differences (934).

    摘要翻译: 用于使用迁移速度扫描来更新用于迁移地震数据的速度模型(926)的方法,目的是构建一个模型,该模型再现从扫描产生所选择的最佳图像的相同行进时间。 对于相应的测试速度模型(916)中的每个最佳选择位置(914),在要更新的速度模型中确定对应的位置(922),使用对于零偏移射线 918)应该是一样的。 然后从确定的位置到更新模型(924)中的各个表面位置计算成像行进时间,并且将那些时间与测试速度模型中的行进时间从最佳拾取位置相对于相同的表面位置阵列进行比较。 更新过程包括调整模型以最小化旅行时间差异(934)。

    Method for determining stacking velocity parameters or other reflection geometry information from seismic gather data using multiple attributes and 3-D visualization
    4.
    发明授权
    Method for determining stacking velocity parameters or other reflection geometry information from seismic gather data using multiple attributes and 3-D visualization 有权
    使用多个属性和3-D可视化从地震采集数据确定堆垛速度参数或其他反射几何信息的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06493634B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-12-10

    申请号:US09566296

    申请日:2000-05-05

    IPC分类号: G01V128

    CPC分类号: G01V1/303 G01V1/345 G01V1/366

    摘要: A method for constructing velocity models for stacking seismic data, or, more generally, a method for determining reflection geometries with seismic gathers through the use of trace-to-trace coherency coupled with global editing capability to separate velocity events corresponding to primary reflections from multiple reflections and other noise. A velocity model can be fit to the edited velocity events and used for stacking of seismic data. Alternatively, the measured reflection geometry has other potential uses including providing data to be input to a tomographic velocity updating procedure that produces a migration velocity model.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于构建用于堆叠地震数据的速度模型的方法,或者更一般地,通过使用跟踪跟踪一致性与全局编辑能力相结合来分离与多个原始反射相对应的速度事件的用于确定具有地震聚集的反射几何的方法 反射等噪音。 速度模型可以适应编辑的速度事件,并用于堆叠地震数据。 或者,测量的反射几何形状具有其他潜在用途,包括提供输入到产生迁移速度模型的断层摄影速度更新过程的数据。

    Iterative Inversion of Data from Simultaneous Geophysical Sources
    5.
    发明申请
    Iterative Inversion of Data from Simultaneous Geophysical Sources 审中-公开
    同时地球物理资料数据迭代反演

    公开(公告)号:US20130191090A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-07-25

    申请号:US13791252

    申请日:2013-03-08

    IPC分类号: G06F17/50

    摘要: Method for reducing the time needed to perform geophysical inversion by using simultaneous encoded sources in the simulation steps of the inversion process. The geophysical survey data are prepared by encoding (3) a group of source gathers (1), using for each gather a different encoding signature selected from a set (2) of non-equivalent encoding signatures. Then, the encoded gathers are summed (4) by summing all traces corresponding to the same receiver from each gather, resulting in a simultaneous encoded gather. (Alternatively, the geophysical data are acquired from simultaneously encoded sources.) The simulation steps needed for inversion are then calculated using a particular assumed velocity (or other physical property) model (5) and simultaneously activated encoded sources using the same encoding scheme used on the measured data. The result is an updated physical properties model (6) that may be further updated (7) by additional iterations.

    摘要翻译: 用于在反演过程的仿真步骤中通过使用同时编码的源来减少执行地球物理反演所需的时间的方法。 通过编码(3)一组源集合(1)来准备地球物理勘测数据,使用每组收集从非等效编码签名集合(2)中选出的不同编码签名。 然后,通过将来自每个聚集的相同接收器的所有跟踪相加,将编码的聚集相加(4),导致同时编码的聚集。 (或者,从同时编码的源获取地球物理数据。)然后使用特定的假定速度(或其他物理属性)模型(5)计算反演所需的模拟步骤,并使用与之相同的编码方案同时激活编码的源 测量数据。 结果是可以通过附加迭代进一步更新(7)的更新的物理属性模型(6)。

    Hybrid method for full waveform inversion using simultaneous and sequential source method
    6.
    发明授权
    Hybrid method for full waveform inversion using simultaneous and sequential source method 有权
    使用同步和顺序源方法进行全波形反演的混合方法

    公开(公告)号:US08437998B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-05-07

    申请号:US12903744

    申请日:2010-10-13

    IPC分类号: G06G7/48

    摘要: Method for simultaneous full-wavefield inversion of gathers of source (or receiver) encoded geophysical data to determine a physical properties model for a subsurface region, especially suitable for surveys where fixed receiver geometry conditions were not satisfied in the data acquisition. First, a shallow time window of the data (202) where the fixed receiver condition is satisfied is inverted by simultaneous encoded (203) source inversion (205). Then, the deeper time window of the data (208) is inverted by sparse sequential source inversion (209), using the physical properties model from the shallow time window (206) as a starting model (207). Alternatively, the shallow time window model is used to simulate missing far offset data (211) producing a data set satisfying the stationary receiver assumption, after which this data set is source encoded (212) and inverted by simultaneous source inversion (214).

    摘要翻译: 源(或接收机)编码地球物理数据的同时全波场反演方法,以确定地下区域的物理性质模型,特别适用于在数据采集中不满足固定接收机几何条件的调查。 首先,通过同时编码(203)源反转(205)来反转其中满足固定接收机条件的数据(202)的浅时间窗口。 然后,使用来自浅时间窗口(206)的物理属性模型作为起始模型(207),通过稀疏顺序源反转(209)将数据(208)的更深的时间窗口反转。 或者,浅时间窗模型用于模拟产生满足固定接收机假设的数据集的丢失远偏移数据(211),之后该数据集被源编码(212)并且由同时源反转(214)反转。

    Iterative inversion of data from simultaneous geophysical sources
    7.
    发明授权
    Iterative inversion of data from simultaneous geophysical sources 有权
    同时地球物理资料数据的迭代反演

    公开(公告)号:US08121823B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-02-21

    申请号:US12441685

    申请日:2007-09-11

    IPC分类号: G06G7/48

    摘要: Method for reducing the time needed to perform geophysical inversion by using simultaneous encoded sources in the simulation steps of the inversion process. The geophysical survey data are prepared by encoding (3) a group of source gathers (1), using for each gather a different encoding signature selected from a set (2) of non-equivalent encoding signatures. Then, the encoded gathers are summed (4) by summing all traces corresponding to the same receiver from each gather, resulting in a simultaneous encoded gather. (Alternatively, the geophysical data are acquired from simultaneously encoded sources.) The simulation steps needed for inversion are then calculated using a particular assumed velocity (or other physical property) model (5) and simultaneously activated encoded sources using the same encoding scheme used on the measured data. The result is an updated physical properties model (6) that may be further updated (7) by additional iterations.

    摘要翻译: 用于在反演过程的仿真步骤中通过使用同时编码的源来减少执行地球物理反演所需的时间的方法。 通过编码(3)一组源集合(1)来准备地球物理勘测数据,使用每组收集从非等效编码签名集合(2)中选出的不同编码签名。 然后,通过将来自每个聚集的相同接收器的所有跟踪相加,将编码的聚集相加(4),导致同时编码的聚集。 (或者,从同时编码的源获取地球物理数据。)然后使用特定的假定速度(或其他物理属性)模型(5)计算反演所需的模拟步骤,并使用与之相同的编码方案同时激活编码的源 测量数据。 结果是可以通过附加迭代进一步更新(7)的更新的物理属性模型(6)。

    Method for Generating Multiple Free Seismic Images
    8.
    发明申请
    Method for Generating Multiple Free Seismic Images 审中-公开
    多重自​​由地震图像生成方法

    公开(公告)号:US20160356903A1

    公开(公告)日:2016-12-08

    申请号:US15071393

    申请日:2016-03-16

    IPC分类号: G01V1/28 G01V1/38 G01V1/30

    摘要: A method, including: storing, in a computer storage device, geophysical seismic data that has been separated into a multiple-free component and a multiple contaminated component; performing, with a processor, a first full wavefield inversion process on the multiple-free component of the seismic data, wherein a first subsurface physical property model is generated; determining, with a processor, an extended target reflectivity, wherein the extended target reflectivity includes a reflectivity for each of a plurality of shots; separately performing, with a processor, a second full wavefield inversion process with the multiple contaminated component of the seismic data for each of the plurality of shots using the reflectivity corresponding to each of the plurality of shots, wherein a second subsurface physical property model is generated; and generating, with a processor, multiple-free final subsurface physical property model by combining the first subsurface physical property model and the second subsurface physical property model.

    摘要翻译: 一种方法,包括:在计算机存储装置中存储已经分离成多自由分量和多重污染分量的地球物理地震数据; 利用处理器对所述地震数据的多自由分量进行第一全波场反演处理,其中产生第一次地下物理属性模型; 使用处理器确定扩展的目标反射率,其中所述扩展的目标反射率包括多个镜头中的每一个的反射率; 使用与多个拍摄中的每一个相对应的反射率,利用处理器分别执行与多个拍摄中的每一个相同的地震数据的多重污染分量的第二全波场反演处理,其中产生第二次下表面物理属性模型 ; 并通过组合第一次地下物理属性模型和第二次地下物理属性模型,通过处理器生成多个无限次的最终地下物理属性模型。

    Full wavefield inversion using time varying filters
    9.
    发明授权
    Full wavefield inversion using time varying filters 有权
    使用时变滤波器的全波场反演

    公开(公告)号:US08223587B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-07-17

    申请号:US13020502

    申请日:2011-02-03

    IPC分类号: G01V1/00 G06F17/20

    CPC分类号: G01V1/282

    摘要: An improved method for reducing the accuracy requirements on the starting model when performing multi-scale inversion of seismic data (65) by local objective function optimization (64). The different scales of inversion are brought about by incorporating a low-pass filter into the objective function (61), and then decreasing the amount of high-frequency data that is filtered out from one scale to the next. Moreover, the filter is designed to be time varying, wherein the filter's low-pass cutoff frequency decreases with increasing traveltime of the seismic data being filtered (62). The filter may be designed using Pratt's criterion for eliminating local minima, and performing averages (or other statistical measure) of the period and the traveltime error only with respect to source and receiver location but not traveltime (63).

    摘要翻译: (65)通过局部目标函数优化(64)对地震数据进行多尺度反演(65)时,降低起始模型精度要求的改进方法。 通过将低通滤波器合并到目标函数(61)中,然后将从一个比例过滤出的高频数据的量减少到下一个尺度,从而产生不同的反演尺度。 此外,滤波器被设计为时变的,其中滤波器的低通截止频率随着被过滤的地震数据的行进时间的增加而减小(62)。 滤波器可以使用Pratt的标准来设计,用于消除局部最小值,并且仅针对源和接收器位置而不是行进时间执行周期的平均值(或其他统计测量)和行进时间误差(63)。

    Efficient Method For Inversion of Geophysical Data
    10.
    发明申请
    Efficient Method For Inversion of Geophysical Data 有权
    地球物理数据反演的有效方法

    公开(公告)号:US20110000678A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-01-06

    申请号:US12810721

    申请日:2009-01-26

    IPC分类号: E21B43/00 G06G7/48

    摘要: A method for efficient inversion of measured geophysical data from a subsurface region to prospect for hydrocarbons. Gathers of measured data (40) are encoded (60) using a set of non-equivalent encoding functions (30). Then all data records in each encoded gather that correspond to a single receiver are summed (60), repeating for each receiver to generate a simultaneous encoded gather (80). The method employs iterative, local optimization of a cost function to invert the encoded gathers of simultaneous source data. An adjoint method is used to calculate the gradients of the cost function needed for the local optimization process (100). The inverted data yields a physical properties model (110) of the subsurface region that, after iterative updating, can indicate presence of accumulations of hydrocarbons.

    摘要翻译: 测量地球物理数据从地下区域到碳氢化合物前景的有效反演的方法。 使用一组非等效编码函数(30)对测量数据(40)的收集进行编码(60)。 然后,对应于单个接收机的每个编码采集中的所有数据记录相加(60),为每个接收机重复生成同时编码的聚集(80)。 该方法使用成本函数的迭代局部优化来反转同时源数据的编码集合。 使用伴随方法来计算局部优化过程所需的成本函数的梯度(100)。 倒置数据产生地下区域的物理性质模型(110),其在迭代更新之后可以指示存在碳氢化合物的存在。