Methods for controlling crystal growth, crystallization, structures and phases in materials and systems
    1.
    发明授权
    Methods for controlling crystal growth, crystallization, structures and phases in materials and systems 有权
    控制材料和系统中晶体生长,结晶,结构和相位的方法

    公开(公告)号:US07972390B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-07-05

    申请号:US10508462

    申请日:2003-03-21

    IPC分类号: C13K1/10

    摘要: This invention relates to novel methods for affecting, and/or directing various crystal formation, structure formation or phase formation/phase change reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a holoreaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a crystallization reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other (or all) crystallization reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及通过将一种或多种组合物暴露于至少一种光谱能量图案来影响和/或指导各种晶体形成,结构形成或相形成/相变反应途径或系统的新方法。 在本发明的第一方面中,至少一种光谱能量图案可以应用于结晶反应系统。 在本发明的第二方面,至少一种光谱能量调节模式可以应用于调理反应系统。 例如,光谱能量调节图案可以在与反应容器(例如在调理反应容器中)分开的位置处施加,或者可以施加在反应容器中(或到其中),但在其它(或全部)之前) 结晶反应系统参与者被引入反应容器。

    Optimizing reactions in fuel cells and electrochemical reactions
    2.
    发明授权
    Optimizing reactions in fuel cells and electrochemical reactions 有权
    优化燃料电池和电化学反应中的反应

    公开(公告)号:US07482072B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-01-27

    申请号:US10615666

    申请日:2003-07-09

    摘要: This invention relates to novel methods for affecting, controlling and/or directing various reactions and/or reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a fuel cell reaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a fuel cell reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及通过将燃料电池反应系统中的一种或多种组分暴露于至少一种光谱能量图案来影响,控制和/或指导各种反应和/或反应途径或系统的新方法。 在本发明的第一方面中,至少一种光谱能量图案可以应用于燃料电池反应系统。 在本发明的第二方面,至少一种光谱能量调节模式可以应用于调理反应系统。 例如,光谱能量调节图案可以在与反应容器(例如在调节反应容器中)分开的位置处施加,或者可以应用于反应容器中(或到其中),但在其它反应系统参与者之前 引入反应容器。

    Electrochemistry technical field
    3.
    发明授权
    Electrochemistry technical field 有权
    电化学技术领域

    公开(公告)号:US08048274B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-11-01

    申请号:US10507659

    申请日:2003-03-11

    摘要: The invention relates to novel methods for affecting, controlling and/or directing various reactions and/or reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a holoreaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及通过将一种或多种组合物暴露于至少一种光谱能量图案来影响,控制和/或指导各种反应和/或反应途径或系统的新方法。 在本发明的第一方面中,至少一种光谱能量图案可以应用于反应系统。 在本发明的第二方面,至少一种光谱能量调节模式可以应用于调理反应系统。 例如,光谱能量调节图案可以在与反应容器(例如在调节反应容器中)分开的位置处施加,或者可以应用于反应容器中(或到其中),但在其它反应系统参与者之前 引入反应容器。

    Optimizing Reactions in Fuel Cells and Electrochemical Reactions
    4.
    发明申请
    Optimizing Reactions in Fuel Cells and Electrochemical Reactions 有权
    优化燃料电池中的反应和电化学反应

    公开(公告)号:US20090253002A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-10-08

    申请号:US12333929

    申请日:2008-12-12

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04

    摘要: This invention relates to novel methods for affecting, controlling and/or directing various reactions and/or reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a fuel cell reaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a fuel cell reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及通过将燃料电池反应系统中的一种或多种组分暴露于至少一种光谱能量图案来影响,控制和/或指导各种反应和/或反应途径或系统的新方法。 在本发明的第一方面中,至少一种光谱能量图案可以应用于燃料电池反应系统。 在本发明的第二方面,至少一种光谱能量调节模式可以应用于调理反应系统。 例如,光谱能量调节图案可以在与反应容器(例如在调节反应容器中)分开的位置处施加,或者可以应用于反应容器中(或到其中),但在其它反应系统参与者之前 引入反应容器。

    Methods for controlling crystal growth, crystallization, structures and phases in materials and systems
    5.
    发明授权
    Methods for controlling crystal growth, crystallization, structures and phases in materials and systems 有权
    控制材料和系统中晶体生长,结晶,结构和相位的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08734535B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-05-27

    申请号:US13110456

    申请日:2011-05-18

    IPC分类号: B01D9/00

    摘要: This invention relates to novel methods for affecting, controlling and/or directing various crystal formation, structure formation or phase formation/phase change reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a holoreaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a crystallization reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other (or all) crystallization reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及通过将一个或多个组合在一个或多个组合中暴露于至少一个光谱能量图案来影响,控制和/或指导各种晶体形成,结构形成或相形成/相变反应途径或系统的新方法。 在本发明的第一方面中,至少一种光谱能量图案可以应用于结晶反应系统。 在本发明的第二方面,至少一种光谱能量调节模式可以应用于调理反应系统。 例如,光谱能量调节图案可以在与反应容器(例如在调理反应容器中)分开的位置处施加,或者可以施加在反应容器中(或到其中),但在其它(或全部)之前) 结晶反应系统参与者被引入反应容器。

    Optimizing reactions in fuel cells and electrochemical reactions
    6.
    发明授权
    Optimizing reactions in fuel cells and electrochemical reactions 有权
    优化燃料电池和电化学反应中的反应

    公开(公告)号:US08216432B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-07-10

    申请号:US12333929

    申请日:2008-12-12

    IPC分类号: C25B5/00 C07C1/00 H01M2/00

    摘要: This invention relates to novel methods for affecting, controlling and/or directing various reactions and/or reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a fuel cell reaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a fuel cell reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及通过将燃料电池反应系统中的一种或多种组分暴露于至少一种光谱能量图案来影响,控制和/或指导各种反应和/或反应途径或系统的新方法。 在本发明的第一方面中,至少一种光谱能量图案可以应用于燃料电池反应系统。 在本发明的第二方面,至少一种光谱能量调节模式可以应用于调理反应系统。 例如,光谱能量调节图案可以在与反应容器(例如在调节反应容器中)分开的位置处施加,或者可以应用于反应容器中(或到其中),但在其它反应系统参与者之前 引入反应容器。

    Controlling chemical reactions by spectral chemistry and spectral conditioning
    8.
    发明授权
    Controlling chemical reactions by spectral chemistry and spectral conditioning 有权
    通过光谱化学和光谱调理控制化学反应

    公开(公告)号:US08236143B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-08-07

    申请号:US10507660

    申请日:2003-03-11

    IPC分类号: C07C1/00

    摘要: This invention relates to novel methods for affecting, controlling and/or directing various reactions and/or reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a holoreaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及通过将一个或多个组合物暴露于至少一个光谱能量图案来影响,控制和/或指导各种反应和/或反应途径或系统的新方法。 在本发明的第一方面中,至少一种光谱能量图案可以应用于反应系统。 在本发明的第二方面,至少一种光谱能量调节模式可以应用于调理反应系统。 例如,光谱能量调节图案可以在与反应容器(例如在调节反应容器中)分开的位置处施加,或者可以应用于反应容器中(或到其中),但在其它反应系统参与者之前 引入反应容器。

    Methods for Controlling Crystal Growth, Crystallization, Structures and Phases in Materials and Systems
    9.
    发明申请
    Methods for Controlling Crystal Growth, Crystallization, Structures and Phases in Materials and Systems 有权
    控制材料和系统中晶体生长,结晶,结构和相的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20120167818A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-07-05

    申请号:US13110456

    申请日:2011-05-18

    IPC分类号: C30B7/14

    摘要: This invention relates to novel methods for affecting, controlling and/or directing various crystal formation, structure formation or phase formation/phase change reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a holoreaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a crystallization reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other (or all) crystallization reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及通过将一个或多个组合在一个或多个组合中暴露于至少一个光谱能量图案来影响,控制和/或指导各种晶体形成,结构形成或相形成/相变反应途径或系统的新方法。 在本发明的第一方面中,至少一种光谱能量图案可以应用于结晶反应系统。 在本发明的第二方面,至少一种光谱能量调节模式可以应用于调理反应系统。 例如,光谱能量调节图案可以在与反应容器(例如在调理反应容器中)分开的位置处施加,或者可以应用于反应容器(或反应容器中),但在其它(或全部)之前) 结晶反应系统参与者被引入反应容器。

    Spectral catalysts
    10.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US6033531A

    公开(公告)日:2000-03-07

    申请号:US98883

    申请日:1998-06-17

    摘要: A wide variety of reactions can be advantageously affected and directed by a spectral catalyst which duplicates the electromagnetic energy spectral pattern of a physical catalyst and when applied to a reaction system transfers a quanta of energy in the form of electromagnetic energy to control and/or promote the reaction system. The spectral catalysts utilized in this invention can replace and/or augment the energy normally provided to the reaction system by a physical catalyst. A spectral catalyst may also act as both a positive catalyst to increase the rate of a reaction or as a negative catalyst to decrease the rate of reaction.