公开(公告)号：US6055344A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-25

申请号：US025892

申请日：1998-02-18

申请人： Julie E. Fouquet ,  Patricia A. Beck ,  Datong Chen

发明人： Julie E. Fouquet ,  Patricia A. Beck ,  Datong Chen

IPC分类号： G02B26/08 ,  G02B6/35 ,  G02B26/02

CPC分类号： G02B26/004 ,  G02B6/3538 ,  G02B6/3546 ,  G02B6/3576 ,  G02B6/3596 ,  Y10T29/49016

摘要： A method of fabricating a switching element or a matrix of switching elements includes providing a waveguide substrate having at least two waveguides that intersect at a trench such that optical coupling between the waveguides is dependent upon the presence or absence of an index-matching fluid at the intersection of the waveguides with the trench. Fluid is supplied to the trench via a fluid fill-hole that extends through a heater substrate in a direction that is generally perpendicular to a substrate surface on which at least one heater is fabricated. In the preferred embodiment, the fluid fill-hole is formed in a step of inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactive ion etching (RIE). The waveguide substrate having at least two waveguides and the heater substrate having the heaters and the fill-hole are bonded together after the substrates are aligned such that the trench is in fluid communication with at least one fluid fill-hole and is in thermal communication with at least one heater. Optical fibers are then coupled to the waveguides. Preferably, a structurally weakened edge portion is formed during the ICP RIE step so that the edge portion can be removed after the two substrates are bonded, allowing uninhibited access of the optical fibers to the waveguides.

摘要翻译： 制造开关元件或开关元件矩阵的方法包括提供具有至少两个在沟槽处相交的波导的波导基板，使得波导之间的光耦合取决于在该波导处的存在或不存在折射率匹配流体 波导与沟槽的交点。 流体通过流体填充孔被供应到沟槽，流体填充孔沿着大致垂直于其上制造至少一个加热器的基板表面的方向延伸穿过加热器基板。 在优选实施例中，在电感耦合等离子体（ICP）反应离子蚀刻（RIE）的步骤中形成流体填充孔。 具有至少两个波导的波导基板和具有加热器和填充孔的加热器基板在基板对准之后结合在一起，使得沟槽与至少一个流体填充孔流体连通并且与 至少一个加热器。 然后将光纤耦合到波导。 优选地，在ICP RIE步骤期间形成结构弱化的边缘部分，使得在两个基板接合之后可以去除边缘部分，允许光纤到波导的不受限制的访问。

公开(公告)号：US06324316B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

申请号：US09549741

申请日：2000-04-14

申请人： Julie E. Fouquet ,  Datong Chen

发明人： Julie E. Fouquet ,  Datong Chen

IPC分类号： G02B635

CPC分类号： G02B26/004 ,  G02B6/3538 ,  G02B6/3546 ,  G02B6/3576 ,  G02B6/3596 ,  Y10T29/49016

摘要： A method of fabricating a switching element or a matrix of switching elements includes providing a waveguide substrate having at least two waveguides that intersect at a trench such that optical coupling between the waveguides is dependent upon the presence or absence of an index-matching fluid at the intersection of the waveguides with the trench. Fluid is supplied to the trench via a fluid fill-hole that extends through a heater substrate in a direction that is generally perpendicular to a substrate surface on which at least one heater is fabricated. In the preferred embodiment, the fluid fill-hole is formed in a step of inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactive ion etching (RIE). The waveguide substrate having at least two waveguides and the heater substrate having the heaters and the fill-hole are bonded together after the substrates are aligned such that the trench is in fluid communication with at least one fluid fill-hole and is in thermal communication with at least one heater. Optical fibers are then coupled to the waveguides. Preferably, a structurally weakened edge portion is formed during the ICP RIE step so that the edge portion can be removed after the two substrates are bonded, allowing uninhibited access of the optical fibers to the waveguides.

摘要翻译： 制造开关元件或开关元件矩阵的方法包括提供具有至少两个在沟槽处相交的波导的波导基板，使得波导之间的光耦合取决于在该波导处的存在或不存在折射率匹配流体 波导与沟槽的交点。 流体通过流体填充孔被供应到沟槽，流体填充孔沿着大致垂直于其上制造至少一个加热器的基板表面的方向延伸穿过加热器基板。 在优选实施例中，在电感耦合等离子体（ICP）反应离子蚀刻（RIE）的步骤中形成流体填充孔。 具有至少两个波导的波导基板和具有加热器和填充孔的加热器基板在基板对准之后结合在一起，使得沟槽与至少一个流体填充孔流体连通并且与 至少一个加热器。 然后将光纤耦合到波导。 优选地，在ICP RIE步骤期间形成结构弱化的边缘部分，使得在两个基板接合之后可以去除边缘部分，允许光纤到波导的不受限制的访问。

公开(公告)号：US5960131A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-28

申请号：US18772

申请日：1998-02-04

申请人： Julie E. Fouquet ,  David K. Donald ,  Datong Chen ,  Kok Wai Chang

发明人： Julie E. Fouquet ,  David K. Donald ,  Datong Chen ,  Kok Wai Chang

IPC分类号： H01B11/00 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/30 ,  G02B6/35 ,  G02B6/36 ,  G02B26/02 ,  G02B26/08 ,  G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02B6/3538 ,  G02B26/004 ,  G02B6/305 ,  G02B6/3546 ,  G02B6/3568 ,  G02B6/3596 ,  G02B6/3636 ,  G02B6/3652

摘要： A switching element that selectively couples a first optical path to a second optical path through an index-matching fluid includes a tapering region along each of the optical paths to achieve high coupling efficiency at both ends of substrate waveguides that form portions of the two optical paths. The two substrate waveguides are separated by a gap that is filled with the index-matching fluid in order to optically couple the two waveguides. The ends of the waveguides located at the gap have relatively large cross sectional areas to promote high coupling efficiency across the gap. For example, the cross sectional dimensions may be approximately 16 .mu.m.times.8 .mu.m at the interior ends of the two substrate waveguides. On the other hand, the exterior ends have significantly smaller cross sectional areas in order to promote high coupling efficiency to optical fibers. For example, the cross sectional dimensions of an external end may be 8 .mu.m.times.8 .mu.m. The substrate waveguides are adiabatically tapered in order to inhibit reflection. In another embodiment, the tapering regions of the two optical paths are formed along the optical fibers, rather than along the substrate waveguides.

摘要翻译： 通过折射率匹配流体选择性地将第一光路耦合到第二光路的开关元件包括沿着每个光路的逐渐变细的区域，以在形成两个光路的部分的衬底波导的两端处实现高的耦合效率 。 两个衬底波导被填充有折射率匹配流体的间隙分开，以便光耦合两个波导。 位于间隙处的波导的端部具有相对较大的横截面积，以促进间隙上的高耦合效率。 例如，在两个基板波导的内端处的横截面尺寸可以为大约16μm×50μm。 另一方面，为了促进光纤的高耦合效率，外端具有明显较小的横截面积。 例如，外端的横截面尺寸可以是8m×8μm。 衬底波导是绝热的锥形以抑制反射。 在另一个实施例中，沿着光纤而不是沿着衬底波导形成两个光路的渐缩区域。

公开(公告)号：US06807333B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-19

申请号：US10195592

申请日：2002-07-15

申请人： Datong Chen ,  Julie E. Fouquet

发明人： Datong Chen ,  Julie E. Fouquet

IPC分类号： G02B635

CPC分类号： G02B6/3548 ,  G02B6/3512 ,  G02B6/3556 ,  G02B6/3558 ,  G02B6/3572

摘要： An optical switch and method of switching provide 1×N optical switching. The optical switch comprises a plurality of optical ports arranged in an annular pattern visible to and aligned with a movable mirror. The mirror is equidistant from each port of the plurality. The optical switch having a 1-dimensional (1D) annular array of ports comprises the mirror located at a center of a circle and the 1D array disposed on a portion of a circumference of the circle. The optical switch having a 2-dimensional (2D) annular array of ports comprises the mirror located at a center of a sphere and the 2D array disposed on a portion of a surface of the sphere. The mirror is movable about one or more axes to direct an optical signal from any port to any other port of the plurality.

公开(公告)号：US08072960B2

公开(公告)日：2011-12-06

申请号：US12022984

申请日：2008-01-30

申请人： Yanshan Shi ,  Ling Lv ,  Jingdong Lin ,  Datong Chen

发明人： Yanshan Shi ,  Ling Lv ,  Jingdong Lin ,  Datong Chen

IPC分类号： H04J3/00

CPC分类号： H04W72/005 ,  H04W48/10

摘要： A networking method of single frequency network in a TD-SCDMA system includes the steps of: (1) deciding a networking configuration scheme by a universal mobile telecommunications system terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), (2) based on the decided networking configuration scheme, configuring an intra-frequency cell info list information element and an inter-frequency cell info list information element in system information and measurement control messages by the UTRAN, (3) transmitting signals over a servicing area by the UTRAN, and (4) receiving the system information and measurement control messages by a user equipment (UE) from the UTRAN, acquiring working mode configuration information of each frequency and each timeslot of a serving cell and neighboring cells, and judging whether there are duplicated cell information elements in the intra-frequency cell info list information element or the inter-frequency cell info list information element.

摘要翻译： TD-SCDMA系统中单频网络的组网方法包括以下步骤：（1）通过通用移动电信系统陆地无线接入网（UTRAN）决定网络配置方案，（2）基于所确定的网络配置方案 ，在UTRAN的系统信息和测量控制消息中配置频率小区信息列表信息单元和频率间小区信息列表信息单元，（3）由UTRAN通过服务区域发送信号，以及（4）接收 来自UTRAN的用户设备（UE）的系统信息和测量控制消息，获取服务小区和相邻小区的每个频率和每个时隙的工作模式配置信息，并且判断是否存在复制小区信息元素， 频率单元信息列表信息单元或频率间单元信息列表信息单元。

公开(公告)号：US20080087274A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-17

申请号：US11757004

申请日：2007-06-01

申请人： Datong Chen

发明人： Datong Chen

IPC分类号： F24J2/38

CPC分类号： F24S50/20 ,  F24S23/30 ,  F24S23/70 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02E10/47

摘要： A solar energy collecting device includes a rotation axis to be mounted parallel to the earth's polar axis, a solar energy collector mounted for rotation around the rotation axis at a predetermined rotation speed, the solar energy collector defining a tilt angle with respect to the rotation axis, and a tilt angle adjustment mechanism for automatically and intermittently adjusting the tilt angle. Various configurations of the solar energy collector are possible, and the rotation speed may be one revolution per day or half a revolution per day depending on the solar energy collector configuration. Many drive modes are possible, including rotating continuously throughout a day or rotating during daylight hours and rotating backward or forward at night. The tilt angle adjustment mechanism includes a handle fixed to the solar energy collector and a tilt angle change guide.

摘要翻译： 太阳能收集装置包括平行于地球极轴的旋转轴线，安装成以预定转速围绕旋转轴旋转的太阳能收集器，太阳能收集器限定相对于旋转轴线的倾斜角度 以及用于自动和间歇地调整倾斜角的倾斜角度调节机构。 太阳能收集器的各种构造是可能的，并且根据太阳能收集器配置，旋转速度可以是每天一转还是每天一转一半。 许多驱动模式是可能的，包括一天中连续旋转或在白天小时旋转，并在夜间向后或向前旋转。 倾斜角度调节机构包括固定于太阳能收集器的手柄和倾斜角度变化导向器。

公开(公告)号：US06798939B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-28

申请号：US10099116

申请日：2002-03-14

申请人： Frederick Austin Stawitcke ,  Shalini Venkatesh ,  Datong Chen ,  Richard Earl Haven ,  Mark Andrew Troll ,  David James Anvar

发明人： Frederick Austin Stawitcke ,  Shalini Venkatesh ,  Datong Chen ,  Richard Earl Haven ,  Mark Andrew Troll ,  David James Anvar

IPC分类号： G02B642

CPC分类号： G02B6/3538 ,  G02B6/3576

摘要： Bubble stability within an optical switch is enhanced by controlling the expansion or movement of a bubble from a liquid-containing trench into available adjacent spacing. Typically, the adjacent spacing is formed between an optical waveguide substrate and a heater substrate, where the heater substrate includes a microheater for forming the bubble. The bubble enhancement is provided by intentionally altering surface features along at least one of the substrates.

摘要翻译： 通过控制气泡从含液体沟槽到可用的相邻间隔的膨胀或移动来增强光学开关内的气泡稳定性。 通常，相邻的间隔形成在光波导基板和加热器基板之间，其中加热器基板包括用于形成气泡的微加热器。 通过有意地改变至少一个基底的表面特征来提供气泡增强。

公开(公告)号：US06441866B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-27

申请号：US09231932

申请日：1999-01-14

申请人： Datong Chen ,  Hongli Yang

发明人： Datong Chen ,  Hongli Yang

IPC分类号： H04N521

CPC分类号： H04N5/208

摘要： In the field of imaging, various components may contribute to a loss in resolution at higher spatial frequencies, both horizontally and vertically. Higher spatial frequencies may occur at the edge of an image, where there may be a large transition in the signal output between adjacent pixels. To compensate, an edge enhancement method that produces overshoots in the transitions of the video image signal is used. One of the problems with the edge enhancement method is that the noise in the input signal may not be adequately suppressed. To suppress the background noise in the video image signal while still performing the desired edge enhancement function, biasing circuitry may be used to suppress the smaller transitions in the input signal. In particular, the biasing circuitry may be placed in the signal path between the output of a first delay line and the noninverting inputs of two of the signal amplifiers. In this manner, the smaller transitions in the signal which represent background noise may be suppressed, while the edges of the video image signal are still enhanced.

摘要翻译： 在成像领域，各种组件可能会在较高空间频率（水平和垂直）上造成分辨率的损失。 在图像的边缘处可能出现较高的空间频率，其中在相邻像素之间的信号输出中可能存在大的跃迁。 为了补偿，使用在视频图像信号的转变中产生过冲的边缘增强方法。 边缘增强方法的一个问题是输入信号中的噪声可能不能被充分抑制。 为了在仍然执行期望的边缘增强功能的同时抑制视频图像信号中的背景噪声，可以使用偏置电路来抑制输入信号中较小的转变。 特别地，偏置电路可以放置在第一延迟线的输出和两个信号放大器的同相输入之间的信号路径中。 以这种方式，可以抑制表示背景噪声的信号中较小的转变，而视频图像信号的边缘仍然增强。

公开(公告)号：US06365447B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-02

申请号：US09005786

申请日：1998-01-12

申请人： Francois Hèbert ,  Datong Chen ,  Reda Razouk

发明人： Francois Hèbert ,  Datong Chen ,  Reda Razouk

IPC分类号： H01L218238

CPC分类号： H01L21/84 ,  H01L21/8249 ,  H01L27/1203

摘要： A method of making high voltage complementary bipolar and BiCMOS devices on a common substrate. The bipolar devices are vertical NPN and PNP transistors having the same structure. The fabrication process utilizes trench isolation and thus is scalable. The process uses two epitaxial silicon layers to form the high voltage NPN collector, with the PNP collector formed from a p-well diffused into the two epitaxial layers. The collector contact resistance is minimized by the use of sinker up/down structures formed at the interface of the two epitaxial layers. The process minimizes the thermal budget and therefore the up diffusion of the NPN and PNP buried layers. This maximizes the breakdown voltage at the collector-emitter junction for a given epitaxial thickness. The epitaxial layers may be doped as required depending upon the specifications for the high voltage NPN device. The process is compatible with the fabrication of low voltage devices, which can be formed by placing the sinker regions under the emitter region. The thicknesses of the two epitaxial layers may be adjusted as required depending upon the specifications for the low voltage devices.

摘要翻译： 在公共衬底上制造高电压互补双极和BiCMOS器件的方法。 双极器件是具有相同结构的垂直NPN和PNP晶体管。 制造工艺利用沟槽隔离，因此是可扩展的。 该工艺使用两个外延硅层来形成高压NPN集电极，PNP集电极由扩散到两个外延层中的p阱形成。 通过使用在两个外延层的界面处形成的沉降片上/下结构来最小化集电极接触电阻。 该过程使热预算最小化，因此最小化NPN和PNP埋层的向上扩散。 对于给定的外延厚度，这使集电极 - 发射极结处的击穿电压最大化。 外延层可以根据需要掺杂，这取决于高压NPN器件的规格。 该工艺与低电压器件的制造兼容，这可以通过将沉降片区域放置在发射极区域下而形成。 根据低电压器件的规格，可以根据需要调整两个外延层的厚度。

公开(公告)号：US5880495A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

申请号：US4215

申请日：1998-01-08

申请人： Datong Chen

发明人： Datong Chen

IPC分类号： H01L27/146 ,  H01L31/062

CPC分类号： H01L27/14643 ,  H01L27/14609

摘要： An active pixel for use in an imaging array and formed in a semiconductor substrate having a first conductivity type. The active pixel comprises: a pinned photodiode formed in the semiconductor substrate; a transfer well having a second conductivity type formed in the substrate, the transfer well being adjacent to the pinned photodiode; a transfer gate adjacent the transfer well, the transfer gate for controlling the flow of a signal charge from the pinned photodiode through the transfer well and under the transfer gate; and an output well adjacent the transfer gate for receiving the signal charge and routing the signal charge to output circuitry.

摘要翻译： 用于成像阵列并形成在具有第一导电类型的半导体衬底中的有源像素。 有源像素包括：形成在半导体衬底中的钉扎光电二极管; 在衬底中形成具有第二导电类型的转移阱，所述转移阱邻近被钉扎的光电二极管; 与转移阱相邻的传输门，用于控制来自钉扎光电二极管的信号电荷通过传输阱并在传输门下方的传输门; 以及与传输门相邻的输出阱，用于接收信号电荷并将信号电荷路由到输出电路。