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公开(公告)号：US4984474A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-15
申请号：US413306
申请日：1989-09-27
摘要： A torque sensor for use in detecting torsion of a power steering device or the like of a vehicle. The torque sensor is provided with a first shaft supported for rotation about its axis in a casing, a permanent magnet secured to the first shaft, a second shaft supported for rotation about its axis in the casing and disposed in end-to-end relationship to the first shaft, a connecting shaft for connecting the first shaft and the second shaft, a magnetic core secured to the second shaft and a magnetism sensor secured to the casing and sandwiched between ring-shaped magnetic members disposed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral face of the magnetic core so that a change in magnetic flux which is caused by the relative displacement of the permanent magnet and the magnetic core is detected by the magnetism sensor as the direction of a variation in the relative position of and the amount of variation in a displacement of the first shaft and the second shaft about the axis of rotation of the first and second shafts.
摘要翻译： 用于检测车辆的动力转向装置等的扭矩的扭矩传感器。 扭矩传感器设置有第一轴，其被支撑用于围绕其轴线在壳体中旋转，固定到第一轴的永久磁体，第二轴，其被支撑用于围绕其在壳体中的轴线旋转并且以端对端的关系设置 所述第一轴，用于连接所述第一轴和所述第二轴的连接轴，固定到所述第二轴的磁芯和固定到所述壳体的磁性传感器，并且被夹在设置在所述外周面附近的环形磁性构件之间 使得由永磁体和磁芯的相对位移引起的磁通量的变化被磁传感器检测为相对位置的变化方向和a的变化量 第一轴和第二轴围绕第一和第二轴的旋转轴线的位移。
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公开(公告)号：US20070182358A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-09
申请号：US10589881
申请日：2005-02-14
申请人： Hideaki Iura , Shigekazu Nakamura
发明人： Hideaki Iura , Shigekazu Nakamura
IPC分类号： H02P3/18
摘要： In a DC braking method for stopping an induction motor, torque shock generated by an abrupt change of an output current phase is reduced to a predetermined value or less when a switch-over from a normal control state to a DC braking state. When a switch-over from a normal control state to a DC control state is performed, a means for reducing the generated torque shock to a predetermined value or less is provided. In this case, an abrupt change of an output voltage phase is inhibited by predictably operating the output voltage phase during the DC braking to control the power converter on the basis of a setup DC braking initiation frequency or a phase advanced until the DC braking is initiated, which is predetermined by a deceleration rate and the setup DC braking initiation frequency and the output voltage phase of a normal control state at the instant that a switch-over to the DC braking state is performed.
摘要翻译： 在用于停止感应电动机的直流制动方法中，当从正常控制状态切换到直流制动状态时，由输出电流相位的突然变化产生的转矩冲击减小到预定值或更小。 当执行从正常控制状态切换到DC控制状态时，提供用于将产生的转矩冲击减小到预定值或更小的装置。 在这种情况下，通过在直流制动期间可预测地操作输出电压相位来抑制输出电压相位的突然变化，以基于建立的直流制动起始频率或提前直到直到制动开始的相位来控制功率转换器 ，其在切换到直流制动状态的瞬间由减速率和设定直流制动起始频率和正常控制状态的输出电压相位预先确定。
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公开(公告)号：US5775791A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-07
申请号：US338580
申请日：1995-04-27
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , F21V8/00 , G02F1/1335 , G02F1/13357
CPC分类号： G02B6/0036 , G02B6/0061
摘要： The present invention relates to a surface emission apparatus for causing light, emitting from a light source arranged to a side of a light-emitting surface thereof, to emerge from the light-emitting surface. The surface emission apparatus includes a transparent light-guide plate in which reflecting shape portions formed with small projecting or concaving portions are arranged on its bottom surface portion opposing the light-emitting surface such that a density of the projecting or concaving portions is gradually increased in accordance with a distance from the light source. Light incident from the light source is reflected by the reflecting shape portions and emerges from the light-emitting surface. Since light emerging from the light source is reflected toward the light-emitting surface in accordance with the density of the reflecting shape portions, uniform light emission can be obtained throughout the entire light-emitting surface. Since the reflecting shape portions are formed in a staggered manner in a direction away from the light source, light emitted from the light source can be easily incident on many projecting or concaving portions directly. The reflecting shape portions are preferably small projecting or concaving portions whose contiguous side portions extending from their vertex portions and contiguous to the bottom surface portion are formed with curved surfaces, or small projecting or concaving portions whose contiguous side portions extending from their vertex portions and contiguous to the bottom surface portion form circular cones.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP93 / 01238 Sec。 371日期：1995年04月27日 102（e）日期1995年4月27日PCT提交1993年9月1日PCT公布。 第WO95 / 06889号公报 日期：1995年3月9日本发明涉及一种表面发射装置，用于使从发光表面侧布置的光源发出的光从发光表面露出。 表面发射装置包括透明导光板，其中形成有小的突起或凹陷部分的反射形状部分布置在与发光表面相对的底表面部分上，使得突出部分或凹陷部分的密度逐渐增加 按照距离光源的距离。 从光源入射的光被反射形状部反射并从发光面露出。 由于从光源出射的光根据反射形状部的密度而朝向发光面反射，因此可以在整个发光面上获得均匀的发光。 由于反射形状部分以远离光源的方向以交错方式形成，所以从光源发射的光可以容易地直接入射到多个突出部分或凹陷部分。 反射形状部分优选是小的突出部分或凹陷部分，其邻接侧部分从其顶部部分延伸并且邻接底部部分形成有弯曲表面，或小的突出部分或凹陷部分，其相邻侧部分从顶点部分延伸并且邻接 到底面部分形成圆锥体。
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公开(公告)号：US20070018606A1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-25
申请号：US10548671
申请日：2004-03-08
IPC分类号： H02P27/04
CPC分类号： H02P21/141 , H02P21/18 , H02P21/26 , H02P2207/01
摘要： To provided a control method and a controller for an a.c. motor without using a speed sensor in which the speed estimated value or the magnetic flux estimated value of an all-dimensional magnetic flux speed observer can be made to correspond to that of an actual a.c. motor. A controller for an a.c. motor includes a vector control and calculating circuit (7) for controlling and calculating a vector from an exciting current command calculated in an exciting current command calculating circuit (5), a torque current command calculated in a torque current command calculating circuit (6), a coordinate transformed current detected value obtained in a coordinate transformation circuit (4), a speed estimated value and a magnetic flux phase estimated value and outputting an output voltage command, a switching pattern generating circuit (8) for generating a signal for PWM driving a power converter (1) from the output voltage command and an all-dimensional magnetic flux speed observer (9) for estimating the speed estimated value and the magnetic flux phase estimated value from the output voltage command and the coordinate transformed current detected value. In the controller for the a.c. motor, a coefficient correcting circuit 10 is provided for correcting the coefficient of a determinant used in the all-dimensional magnetic flux speed observer (9) in accordance with a magnetic flux command.
摘要翻译： 提供一种控制方法和控制器。 电动机不使用速度传感器，其中可以使全维磁通速度观测器的速度估计值或磁通估计值与实际交流传感器的速度传感器相对应。 发动机。 a.c.的控制器 电动机包括用于根据在励磁电流指令计算电路（5）中计算出的励磁电流指令来控制和计算矢量的矢量控制和计算电路（7），在转矩电流指令计算电路（6）中计算的转矩电流指令， 在坐标变换电路（4）中获得的坐标变换的电流检测值，速度估计值和磁通量相位估计值，并输出输出电压指令;用于产生PWM驱动信号的开关模式产生电路（8） 功率转换器（1）和用于根据输出电压指令和坐标变换电流检测值估计速度估计值和磁通量相位估计值的全维磁通速度观测器（9）。 在控制器中的a.c. 电动机，提供系数校正电路10，用于根据磁通量指令校正全维磁通速度观测器（9）中使用的行列式的系数。
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5.发明授权Optical displacement detector including a displacement member's surface having a diffractive pattern and a holographic lens pattern 失效光学位移检测器，包括具有差分图案和全息图透镜图案的位移元件表面
公开(公告)号：US5073710A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-17
申请号：US584786
申请日：1990-09-19
IPC分类号： G01D5/38
CPC分类号： G01D5/38
摘要： An apparatus for optically detecting displacement. The light source is provided for emitting a coherent primary light. A displacement member is disposed to undergo a displacement transversely of the primary light to receive the primary light on its face. The displacement member has on its face a diffractive pattern effective to diffract the primary light and a holographic lens pattern effective to converge the primary light to thereby convert the primary light into a secondary light. A detector is receptive of the secondary light to detect optically the displacement of the displacement member.
摘要翻译： 一种用于光学检测位移的装置。 光源被提供用于发射相干一次光。 位移构件被布置成经历横向于初级光的位移以在其表面上接收初级光。 位移构件在其表面上具有有效衍射初级光的衍射图案和有效聚焦初级光的全息透镜图案，从而将初级光转换成次级光。 检测器接受二次光以光学检测位移构件的位移。
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公开(公告)号：US4646194A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US818379
申请日：1986-01-13
CPC分类号： G11B19/12 , G11B19/06 , G11B19/28 , G11B23/0035 , G11B27/13
摘要： A magnetoresistance element is arranged in a plane parallel to the end face of a PG yoke and is situated on the outer side of a circle described by revolution of the PG yoke end face and in close proximity to the end face to detect a characteristic flux component emitted from the PG yoke end face. The magnetoresistance element is disposed in such a manner that an acute angle is formed between the direction of a current flowing in the element and a normal line extending from the axis of rotation of a recording medium. A flux component hardly influenced by the area of the PG yoke end face is thus detected.
摘要翻译： 磁阻元件布置在与PG磁轭的端面平行的平面中，并且位于由PG磁轭端面的旋转描述的圆的外侧上并且紧邻端面以检测特性磁通分量 从PG磁轭端面发射。 磁阻元件以在元件中流动的电流的方向与从记录介质的旋转轴线延伸的法线之间形成锐角的方式设置。 因此检测到几乎不受PG磁轭端面的面积影响的磁通分量。
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公开(公告)号：US07521889B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-21
申请号：US10589881
申请日：2005-02-14
申请人： Hideaki Iura , Shigekazu Nakamura
发明人： Hideaki Iura , Shigekazu Nakamura
摘要： In a DC braking method for stopping an induction motor, torque shock generated by an abrupt change of an output current phase is reduced to a predetermined value or less when a switch-over from a normal control state to a DC braking state. When a switch-over from a normal control state to a DC control state is performed, the generated torque shock is reduced to a predetermined value or less is provided. In this case, an abrupt change of an output voltage phase is inhibited by predictably operating the output voltage phase during the DC braking to control the power converter on the basis of a setup DC braking initiation frequency or a phase advanced until the DC braking is initiated, which is predetermined by a deceleration rate and the setup DC braking initiation frequency and the output voltage phase of a normal control state at the instant that a switch-over to the DC braking state is performed.
摘要翻译： 在用于停止感应电动机的直流制动方法中，当从正常控制状态切换到直流制动状态时，由输出电流相位的突然变化产生的转矩冲击减小到预定值或更小。 当执行从正常控制状态切换到DC控制状态时，产生的转矩冲击减小到预定值或更小。 在这种情况下，通过在直流制动期间可预测地操作输出电压相位来抑制输出电压相位的突然变化，以基于建立的直流制动起始频率或提前直到直到制动开始的相位来控制功率转换器 ，其在切换到直流制动状态的瞬间由减速率和设定直流制动起始频率和正常控制状态的输出电压相位预先确定。
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公开(公告)号：US07362069B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-22
申请号：US10568709
申请日：2004-07-30
IPC分类号： G05B11/28
CPC分类号： H02M7/53873 , H02M7/5395 , H02P27/08
摘要： A simple and accurate dead time dispersion measurement method and a voltage source inverter control method that can prevent the occurrence of an unstable phenomenon are provided.The control method controls a voltage source inverter of a PWM system, which includes a power semiconductor device controlling a level of a voltage, a frequency and a phase. According to the control method, before operation, voltage error information for each polarity of respective phase currents of the inverter is stored. And during the operation, the voltage error information is read to compensate for a voltage instruction value or a pulse width of a PWM instruction signal, so that a voltage error can be corrected.
摘要翻译： 提供了能够防止发生不稳定现象的简单且准确的死区时间色散测量方法和电压源逆变器控制方法。 控制方法控制PWM系统的电压源逆变器，其包括控制电压，频率和相位的功率半导体器件。 根据控制方法，在运行之前，存储逆变器各相电流的各极性的电压误差信息。 并且在操作期间，读取电压误差信息以补偿PWM指令信号的电压指令值或脉冲宽度，从而可以校正电压误差。
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公开(公告)号：US4649342A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-10
申请号：US619135
申请日：1984-06-11
申请人： Shigekazu Nakamura
发明人： Shigekazu Nakamura
摘要： An apparatus for detecting a relative displacement of a magnetic record medium and a magnetic sensor a method for manufacturing the above apparatus are disclosed. A magnetization pattern is recorded on the magnetic record medium and the relative displacement is detected by means of at least two magnetic detectors arranged on a common substrate with a given pitch. The common substrate is relatively inclined with respect to an arranging direction of the magnetization pattern to derive a desired phase difference between output signals generated from respective two magnetic detectors. The two magnetic detectors are connected into a bridge circuit to derive a detection output signal representing only the relative displacement without being affected by a noise magnetic field.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于检测磁记录介质和磁传感器的相对位移的装置及其制造方法。 磁化模式被记录在磁记录介质上，并且通过布置在具有给定间距的共同衬底上的至少两个磁性检测器来检测相对位移。 公共衬底相对于磁化模式的排列方向相对倾斜，以导出从相应的两个磁性检测器产生的输出信号之间的期望的相位差。 两个磁性检测器被连接到桥接电路中以得出仅表示相对位移而不受噪声磁场影响的检测输出信号。
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公开(公告)号：US4395695A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-26
申请号：US285330
申请日：1981-07-22
申请人： Shigekazu Nakamura
发明人： Shigekazu Nakamura
CPC分类号： H01C10/103 , H01L43/06
摘要： A non-contact magnetic potentiometer comprising a rotatably supported first yoke, a second yoke arranged as opposed to the first yoke at a slight spacing, a pair of permanent magnets fixed as inclined on the surface of the first yoke opposed to the second yoke and magnetized in the thickness direction, and a hall effect device fixed on the second yoke as opposed to the pair of permanent magnets, whereby the structure and manufacture can be simplified and an output voltage of any desired wave form can be obtained. This potentiometer is provided with a means for preventing the influences of the temperature and the variation with the lapse of years.
摘要翻译： 一种非接触式磁电位计，包括可旋转地支撑的第一磁轭，与第一磁轭相对地布置成稍微间隔的第二磁轭，一对固定在与第二磁轭相对的第一磁轭的表面上倾斜的磁体 和与一对永久磁体相对固定在第二磁轭上的霍尔效应装置，由此可以简化结构和制造，并且可以获得任何所需波形的输出电压。 该电位器具有防止温度和随着年数的变化的影响的装置。
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