摘要:
This invention relates to an improved cake-filtration solid-liquid separation process wherein the improvement comprises simultaneously subjecting the solid-liquid mixture to a homogeneous magnetic field, a magnetic field gradient or both and cake-filtration to accomplish separation.
摘要:
This invention relates to a continuous or batch centrifugation solid-liquid separation process comprising simultaneously subjecting the solid-liquid mixture to localized magnetic field gradients and the centrifugation and to improved centrifugation solid-liquid separation processes wherein the improvement comprises simultaneously subjecting the solid-liquid mixture to a homogeneous magnetic field, a magnetic field gradient or both prior to and/or during the centrifugation.
摘要:
This patent application relates to the use of thin high temperature fibers, specifically optical fibers, for use as a substrate material in the fabrication of long-length low temperature superconducting and high temperature superconducting wire. The superconducting material is deposited on the fiber using either a thin or thick film deposition technique. The fiber can have a dual use in the transmission of data using either traditional optical means or the transmission of electrical current via the deposited superconductor. A buffer layer or layers is used between the high temperature fiber and the superconductor to promote grain alignment and enhance the current carrying capacity of the wire.
摘要:
A method of coiling a superconducting cable, where the superconducting cable is comprised of a plurality of stacked superconducting tapes, where the superconducting cable has a clocking feature that identifies an orientation of the superconducting tapes, the method comprising the step of orienting coils of the superconducting cable, such that a magnetic field from surrounding coils impinge upon a given coil at a desired angle, based upon an orientation of the clocking feature.
摘要:
Electrical down-hole heating devices help enhance the recovery of thick waxy oil, heavy oil, bitumen, natural gas, hydrocarbons, and related commodities by lowering the viscosity and raising the pressures of the surrounding fluid and gas. In addition, the use of the more energy efficient electrical heat can help reduce the amount, and in some cases eliminate the use altogether, of less energy efficient steam to heat the oil. The higher power density superconducting down-hole heating system can enable the in-situ generation of steam down-hole within the confines of the well-bore. The in-situ generation of steam with this device has multiple benefits including reductions in capital costs of the above ground steam plant, increased energy efficiency, reduced greenhouse gas emission, and minimizing water usage and its corresponding reclamation costs. Common types of electrical down-hole heaters include: a) radiative type, b) inductive type, or c) resistive type. A superconducting down-hole heater has many advantages over conventional normal conducting down-hole heaters including: higher power transmission density, higher recovery fluid and gas throughput, increased energy efficiency, higher production capacity per well-bore, and more environmentally friendly fluid and natural gas extraction. Down-hole heaters involving superconductors and cryogenically cooled non-superconductors are disclosed. Additional enhancements involving coil rotation and/or vibration, well-casing rotation and/or vibration, and direct current power sources are disclosed.In addition, superconducting cables used to transmit large amounts of electric power to facilitate fracturing of shale and rock in subterranean down-hole wells is disclosed.