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公开(公告)号：US5913311A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-22
申请号：US833055
申请日：1997-04-03
摘要： A filter material comprises a cellulose acetate fiber tow containing 5-50% by weight of a water soluble material and/or a water dispersible material which are soluble in a solvent which dissolves cellulose acetate and which are not compatible with cellulose acetate. Due to the inclusion of the above-mentioned water soluble material and/or water dispersible material in the cellulose acetate fiber, in the presence of moisture, the fiber surface becomes porous by the elution of this water soluble material and/or water dispersible material from the fiber, and the surface area of the fiber is increased. Consequently, the shape of the cellulose acetate fiber tow is easily broken down, and the decomposability of the fiber by microorganisms and the like is increased. When a cigarette filter is made using this type of filter material, a cigarette filter is obtained which has easy decomposability in the natural environment and particularly in water, in atmospheres which contain large amounts of moisture, and the like.
摘要翻译： 过滤材料包括含有5-50重量％水溶性材料和/或可溶于溶解醋酸纤维素并且与乙酸纤维素不相容的溶剂的水分散性材料的乙酸纤维素纤维素纤维。 由于将上述水溶性材料和/或水分散性材料包含在醋酸纤维素纤维中，在水分存在下，通过将该水溶性材料和/或水可分散材料从 纤维和纤维的表面积增加。 因此，醋酸纤维素纤维束的形状易于分解，并且纤维的微生物等的分解性提高。 当使用这种过滤材料制造香烟过滤嘴时，获得了在天然环境中，特别是水中，在含有大量水分的气氛中易分解性的香烟过滤嘴等。
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公开(公告)号：US08538646B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-17
申请号：US12128401
申请日：2008-05-28
CPC分类号： F16H61/061 , F16H61/067 , F16H61/686 , F16H63/502 , F16H2061/0087
摘要： A control device for a vehicular automatic transmission is provided which can preferably execute backpressure control of accumulators and torque-up control so as to minimize the occurrence of interference between learning on these controls during a gearshift operation. With the control device for the vehicular automatic transmission including the accumulators (104, 106 and 108) operative to control a hydraulic pressure supplied to second and third clutches (C2 and C3) and a third brake (B3), the backpressure control is executed for controlling a backpressure of the accumulators (104, 106 and 108) during the gearshift operation while the torque-up control is executed for raising torque output from an engine (12). Completion of learning on the backpressure control is determined when no completion of learning on the backpressure control is determined, learning on the backpressure control is executed with no execution of the torque-up control. Thus, no interference occur between learning on the backpressure control and the torque-up control.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于车辆自动变速器的控制装置，其可以优选地执行蓄能器的背压控制和扭矩控制，以便在变速操作期间最小化在这些控制上学习之间的干扰的发生。 利用包括可控制供给第二和第三离合器（C2和C3）和第三制动器（B3）的液压的蓄能器（104,106和108）的用于车辆自动变速器的控制装置，执行背压控制 在变速操作期间控制蓄能器（104,106和108）的背压，同时执行用于提高从发动机（12）输出的转矩的转矩提升控制。 当没有确定背压控制上的学习完成时，确定背压控制上的学习完成，而不执行加强控制则执行背压控制的学习。 因此，在背压控制上的学习和加大力矩控制之间不会发生干扰。
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公开(公告)号：US20080300106A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-04
申请号：US12128401
申请日：2008-05-28
IPC分类号： F16H61/26
CPC分类号： F16H61/061 , F16H61/067 , F16H61/686 , F16H63/502 , F16H2061/0087
摘要： A control device for a vehicular automatic transmission is provided which can preferably execute backpressure control of accumulators and torque-up control so as to minimize the occurrence of interference between learning on these controls during a gearshift operation. With the control device for the vehicular automatic transmission including the accumulators (104, 106 and 108) operative to control a hydraulic pressure supplied to second and third clutches (C2 and C3) and a third brake (B3), the backpressure control is executed for controlling a backpressure of the accumulators (104, 106 and 108) during the gearshift operation while the torque-up control is executed for raising torque output from an engine (12). Completion of learning on the backpressure control is determined when no completion of learning on the backpressure control is determined, learning on the backpressure control is executed with no execution of the torque-up control. Thus, no interference occur between learning on the backpressure control and the torque-up control.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于车辆自动变速器的控制装置，其可以优选地执行蓄能器的背压控制和扭矩控制，以便在变速操作期间最小化在这些控制上的学习之间的干扰的发生。 利用包括可控制供给第二和第三离合器（C2和C3）和第三制动器（B3）的液压的蓄能器（104,106和108）的用于车辆自动变速器的控制装置，执行背压控制 在变速操作期间控制蓄能器（104,106和108）的背压，同时执行用于提高从发动机（12）输出的转矩的转矩提升控制。 当没有确定背压控制上的学习完成时，确定背压控制上的学习完成，而不执行加强控制则执行背压控制的学习。 因此，在背压控制上的学习和加大力矩控制之间不会发生干扰。
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