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公开(公告)号：US4860315A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US184082
申请日：1988-04-20
CPC分类号： H03M3/042
摘要： In an ADPCM encoding and decoding system comprising an encoder having an adaptive predictor and an adaptive quantizer and a decoder having an adaptive predictor and an inverse adaptive quantizer, the adaptive predictors each comprise: an adaptive-zero predictor of an arbitrary order and an adaptive-pole predictor of an arbitrary order, for input signals with time-varying frequency components; a fixed-pole predictor of an arbitrary order, for input signals the frequency composition of which remains substantially invariant over time; and an offset predictor for rejecting an offset component of the input signals, these elements being connected in series. The adaptive-zero and adaptive-pole predictors generate estimates for voice signals with time-varying frequency components. The fixed-pole predictor generates estimates for voiceband data signals the frequency components of which remain substantially invariant over time. The adaptive predictors effectively operate for voice and voiceband data signals, providing a higher prediction gain. The quantizer provides a stably higher signal-to-quantization noise ratio for modem signals.
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公开(公告)号：US4779225A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-18
申请号：US11050
申请日：1987-02-05
CPC分类号： H03M3/042
摘要： An adaptive digital filter which is used, for instance, for a prediction filter in an ADPCM modulator and an ADPCM demodulator, for providing stable operation and minimum phase shift response. The filter (FIG. 4, FIG. 5) has three parallel branches (A,B,C), two (A,B) of them have a plurality of series connected non-recursive filter elements (A.sub.1 -A.sub.n, B.sub.1 -B.sub.n) each of which has degree not larger than three relating to an operator (Z.sup.-1), and third branch (C) is merely a conductive line. Tap coefficients (c.sub.1, c.sub.2, . . ., d.sub.1, d.sub.2, . . . ) of non-recursive filter elements change according to solutions of the transfer of the filter. A numerator and/or a denominator of the transfer function of the present filter is a Chebychev polynominal relating to an operator (Z.sup.-1), and has a zero point and/or a pole. The solutions (w.sub.i, v.sub.i) of a numerator and a denominator locate alternately on a unit circle (FIG. 6) on a Z.sup.-1 plane. When solutions of the transfer function do not locate alternately on said unit circle, tap coefficients (c.sub.1, c.sub.2, . . . , d.sub.1, d.sub.2, . . . ) are not updated, since non-alternate solutions do not assure stable operation and/or minimum phase shift response of the filter.
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公开(公告)号：US4660163A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-21
申请号：US570634
申请日：1984-01-13
CPC分类号： H03M3/042
摘要： An adaptive digital filter which is used, for instance, for a prediction filter in an ADPCM modulator and an ADPCM demodulator, for providing stable operation and minimum phase shift response has been found. The filter (FIG. 4, FIG. 5) has three parallel branches (A,B,C), two (A,B) of them have a plurality of series connected non-recursive filter elements (A.sub.1 -A.sub.n, B.sub.1 -B.sub.n) each of which has degree not larger than three relating to an operator (Z.sup.-1), and third branch (C) is merely a conductive line. Tap coefficients (c.sub.1, c.sub.2, . . . , d.sub.1, d.sub.2, . . . ) of non-recursive filter elements change according to solutions of the transfer function of the filter. A numerator and/or a denominator of the transfer function of the present filter is a Chebychev polynominal relating to an operator (Z.sup.-1), and has a zero point and/or a pole. The solutions (w.sub.i, v.sub.i) of a numerator and a denominator locate alternately on a unit circle (FIG. 6) on a Z.sup.-1 plane. When solutions of the transfer function do not locate alternately on said unit circle, tap coefficients (c.sub.1, c.sub.2, . . . , d.sub.1, d.sub.2, . . . ) are not updated, since non-alternate solutions do not assure stable operation and/or minimum phase shift response of the filter.
摘要翻译： 已经发现了用于例如用于ADPCM调制器中的预测滤波器和用于提供稳定操作和最小相移响应的ADPCM解调器的自适应数字滤波器。 滤波器（图4，图5）具有三个平行分支（A，B，C），它们中的两个（A，B）具有多个串联连接的非递归滤波器元件（A1-An，B1-Bn （Z-1），第三分支（C）仅仅是导线。 非递归滤波器元件的抽头系数（c1，c2，...，d1，d2，...）根据滤波器的传递函数的解决方案而变化。 本滤波器的传递函数的分子和/或分母是与运算符（Z-1）相关的切比西夫多项式，具有零点和/或极点。 分子和分母的解（wi，vi）交替地位于Z-1平面上的单位圆（图6）上。 当传递函数的解不会交替地定位在所述单位圆上时，抽头系数（c1，c2，...，d1，d2，...）不更新，因为非替代解不能保证稳定的操作和/ 或滤波器的最小相移响应。
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公开(公告)号：US20060121341A1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-08
申请号：US11336311
申请日：2006-01-20
申请人： Kenichiro Hosoda , Yoshihiro Dokko
发明人： Kenichiro Hosoda , Yoshihiro Dokko
CPC分类号： H01M10/0481 , H01M2/12 , H01M10/0431 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0587 , H01M2200/00
摘要： A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a wound electrode body structured by spirally winding electrodes with a separator in between, the electrode having a strip shape and being formed by forming a mixture layer on a current collector having a strip shape, a hollow cylindrical center pin that is inserted into a center hole of the wound electrode body, and a battery can, in which the wound electrode body having the center pin inserted therein is stored. The center pin is formed in such a way that the center pin does not crash by a force equal to 34N or less.
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公开(公告)号：US4692725A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-08
申请号：US749185
申请日：1985-06-26
CPC分类号： H01P1/2056
摘要： A dielectric filter (FIG. 16) for frequencies higher than VHF band comprising a closed conductive housing (112), a pair of input and output means provided at both the extreme ends of said housing (112), a dielectric body (111) with a plurality of linear parallel grooves (118) arranged in said housing (112), a plurality of conductive linear means (113) with the length of approximately 1/4 wavelength mounted in said dielectric body (111) between said grooves (118) so that one end of said resonators (113) is fixed to the common plane of the housing (112), a capacitor means (114, 115) provided between the other end of resonators (111,113,118) and said conductive housing (112) so that an electrode (115) of said capacitor may be trimmed by a laser beam to adjust the resonating frequency of each of said resonators (111,113,118) and a plurality of conductive rods (137) provided in said grooves (118) for improving the spurious characteristics of the filter.
摘要翻译： 用于高于VHF频带的频率的介质滤波器（图16），包括封闭的导电壳体（112），设置在所述壳体（112）的两端的一对输入和输出装置，具有 布置在所述壳体（112）中的多个线性平行凹槽（118），多个导电线性装置（113），其长度约为1/4波长，安装在所述凹槽（118）之间的所述绝缘体（111）中，因此 所述谐振器（113）的一端固定在壳体（112）的公共平面上，设置在谐振器（111,113,118）的另一端和所述导电壳体（112）之间的电容器装置（114,115），使得 可以通过激光束对所述电容器的电极（115）进行修整，以调节每个所述谐振器（111,113,118）的谐振频率和设置在所述凹槽（118）中的多个导电棒（137），以改善所述谐振器 过滤。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5689511A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US579325
申请日：1995-12-27
IPC分类号： H04L1/20 , H03M13/23 , H03M13/27 , H04B1/707 , H04B7/26 , H04J13/00 , H04J13/18 , H04L1/00 , H04L1/08 , H04L25/02 , H04L25/48 , H04B1/16 , H04J3/22
CPC分类号： H04L1/0071 , H04B1/707 , H04B7/264 , H04L1/0046 , H04L1/08 , H04L25/0262 , H04B2201/70705
摘要： A data receiver receives code data having a variable data rate and encoded with any one of a plurality of data rates and then repeated in accordance with the respective data rates to be provided with the same data rate thereby, and restores, frame by frame, the received code data to data having original data rates. The receiver has a data rate detecting circuit which sequentially receives one frame of code data having the same data rate at a time, and detects the data rate of the code data assigned before the repetition. A data rate restoring circuit restores, based on the detected data rate, the frame of code data to the data having the original data rate. A data reproducing circuit reproduces the original signal out of the code data restored by the data rate restoring circuit. The data rate detecting circuit has a calculating circuit for calculating the autocorrelation functions of the frame of code data to thereby determine how many times the code data have been repeated, and a decision circuit for determining the data rate of the frame of code data assigned before the repetition on the basis of the characteristic of the data rate in the autocorrelation functions. The data rate restoring circuit and data reproducing circuit perform the respective processings on the basis of the determined data rate.
摘要翻译： 数据接收器接收具有可变数据速率的代码数据，并用多个数据速率中的任何一个数据速率进行编码，然后根据要提供相同数据速率的相应数据速率重复，然后逐帧地恢复 将数据接收到具有原始数据速率的数据。 接收机具有数据速率检测电路，其一次顺序地接收具有相同数据速率的一帧代码数据，并且检测在重复之前分配的代码数据的数据速率。 数据速率恢复电路基于检测到的数据速率将代码数据帧恢复为具有原始数据速率的数据。 数据再现电路从由数据速率恢复电路恢复的代码数据中再现原始信号。 数据速率检测电路具有计算电路，用于计算代码数据帧的自相关函数，从而确定代码数据被重复的次数，以及用于确定在之前分配的代码数据帧的数据速率的判定电路 在自相关函数中基于数据速率特性的重复。 数据速率恢复电路和数据再现电路基于所确定的数据速率执行各自的处理。
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公开(公告)号：US4894820A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-16
申请号：US171487
申请日：1988-03-21
IPC分类号： H04B3/23
CPC分类号： H04B3/234
摘要： In a method and apparatus for double-talk detection in an echo canceller that uses an adaptive digital filter to estimate, from a received signal and a transmitted signal to which an echo signal of the received signal is added, the characteristics of an echo path and generate a simulated echo signal, and subtracts this echo replica from the transmitted signal in order to transmit a residual signal from which the echo signal has been removed, and which during the course of this operation detects the double-talk state according to a double-talk detection threshold and inhibits the estimation of adaptive digital filter; adaptive estimation and the double-talk detection threshold are controlled in accordance with the state of system e.g., whether it is in the single-talk state, whether the echo signal is active or idle, whether there are fluctuations in the echo path, or whether howling is taking place.
摘要翻译： 在使用自适应数字滤波器的接收信号和接收信号的回波信号的发送信号中估计回波消除器的双向通话检测的方法和装置中，回波路径的特性和 生成模拟回波信号，并从发送信号中减去该回波复制品，以便发送已经从其中去除回波信号的残留信号，并且在该操作过程中根据双向通信状态检测双方通话状态， 通话检测阈值，抑制自适应数字滤波器的估计; 根据系统的状态来控制自适应估计和双方通话检测阈值，例如，是否处于单通话状态，回波信号是活动还是空闲，回波路径是否有波动，还是是否 嚎叫正在发生。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5923679A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-13
申请号：US877327
申请日：1997-06-17
申请人： Katsutoshi Itoh , Kenichiro Hosoda
发明人： Katsutoshi Itoh , Kenichiro Hosoda
CPC分类号： H03M13/35 , H04L2001/0098
摘要： Error detection and correction capability is improved compared to the conventional art, without lowering the transmission efficiency. When a class dividing circuit 101 is supplied with the information code from a voice encoder, according to the definition assigned to the information code by the class divider extremely important class 0 information code is supplied to a CRC calculation circuit 102 and a block coding circuit 103, the next most important class 1 information code is supplied to a block coding circuit 105, and the next most important class 2 information code is supplied directly to an interleaving circuit 107. The CRC calculating circuit 102 obtains error correction information for the class 0 information code supplied from the class dividing circuit 101, generates data with error detection information appended thereto, and supplies it to a class 0 block coding circuit 103. The class 0 block coding circuit 103 carries out block coding from the data having error detection information appended and class 0 data.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP96 / 02985第 371日期：1997年6月17日 102（e）日期1996年6月17日PCT 1996年10月15日PCT PCT。 公开号WO97 / 15120 PCT 日期1997年04月24日，与传统技术相比，不会降低传输效率，故障检测和校正能力得到改善。 当从语音编码器向类别分割电路101提供信息代码时，根据通过分类器分配给信息码的定义，非常重要的类别0信息码被提供给CRC计算电路102和块编码电路103 ，将下一个最重要的1类信息码提供给块编码电路105，将下一个最重要的2类信息码直接提供给交织电路107.CCR计算电路102获得0类信息的纠错信息 从类分割电路101提供的代码生成附加有错误检测信息的数据，并将其提供给0类块编码电路103.等级0块编码电路103从附加有错误检测信息的数据执行块编码， 0类数据。
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9.发明授权Code-excited linear predictive coder and decoder with conversion filter for converting stochastic and impulsive excitation signals 失效码激励线性预测编码器和具有用于转换随机和脉冲激励信号的转换滤波器的解码器
公开(公告)号：US5752223A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US557809
申请日：1995-11-14
摘要： A code-excited linear predictive coder or decoder for a speech signal has an adaptive codebook, a stochastic codebook, and a pulse codebook. A constant excitation signal is obtained by choosing between a stochastic excitation signal selected from the stochastic codebook and an impulsive excitation signal selected from the pulse codebook. The constant excitation signal is filtered to produce a varied excitation signal more closely resembling the original speech signal. The varied excitation signal is combined with an adaptive excitation signal selected from the adaptive codebook to produce a final excitation signal, which is filtered to generate a synthesized speech signal. The final excitation signal is also used to update the adaptive codebook.
摘要翻译： 用于语音信号的码激励线性预测编码器或解码器具有自适应码本，随机码本和脉冲码本。 通过选择从随机码本中选择的随机激励信号和从脉冲码本中选择的脉冲激励信号，获得恒定的激励信号。 恒定激励信号被滤波以产生更接近于原始语音信号的变化的激励信号。 变化的激励信号与从自适应码本选择的自适应激励信号组合以产生最终激励信号，其被滤波以产生合成语音信号。 最终的激励信号也用于更新自适应码本。
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10.发明授权Code excitation linear predictive (CELP) encoder and decoder and code excitation linear predictive coding method 失效码激励线性预测（CELP）编码器和解码器和码激励线性预测编码方法
公开(公告)号：US5727122A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-10
申请号：US379653
申请日：1995-02-09
摘要： There is provided a code excitation linear predictive (CELP) coding or decoding apparatus in which a code vector, which is transmitted by a codebook such as a stochastic codebook, is converted adaptively in accordance with vocal tract analysis information (LPC) so that a high quality reproduction speech is obtained at a low coding rate. Further, in order to obtain a similar effect, a pulse-like excitation codebook formed of an isolated impulse is provided in addition to the adaptive excitation codebook and stochastic excitation codebook so that either the stochastic excitation codebook or the pulse-like excitation codebook is selectively used to provide a vocal tract parameter as a linear spectrum pair parameter.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP93 / 00776 Sec。 371日期：1995年2月9日 102（e）1995年2月9日PCT 1993年6月10日PCT公布。 WO94 / 29965 PCT公开号 日期：1994年12月22日提供了一种代码激励线性预测（CELP）编码或解码装置，其中由诸如随机码本的码本发送的码矢量根据声道分析信息（LPC ），使得以低编码率获得高质量再现语音。 此外，为了获得类似的效果，除了自适应激励码本和随机激励码本之外，还提供了由孤立脉冲形成的脉冲状激励码本，使得随机激励码本或脉冲激励码本被选择性地 用于提供声道参数作为线性谱对参数。
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