摘要:
An apparatus and method are presented for electrically determining whether delamination has occurred at one or more interfaces within a semiconductor wafer. The semiconductor wafer includes a test structure formed within dielectric layers upon an upper surface of a semiconductor substrate. The test structure includes an electrically conductive structure, a pair of electrically conductive contact plugs, and a probe pad. The conductive structure is formed within an opening in a first dielectric layer, and is in electrical contact with the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate. The conductive structure is preferably made up of the same vertical stack of layers of selected electrically conductive materials used to form interconnects within the semiconductor wafer. A second dielectric layer if formed over the first dielectric layer and the conductive structure. The pair of electrically conductive contact plugs extend vertically through respective holes in the second dielectric layer. An electrically conductive probe pad is formed upon an upper surface of the second dielectric layer and extends between the pair of contact plugs. Each contact plug is in electrical contact with the probe pad and the electrically conductive structure. During testing, a probe of a measurement device is brought into contact with the probe pad. The measurement device measures the electrical resistance and/or reactance between the probe pad and the semiconductor substrate. The resulting resistance and/or reactance measurement may be compared to an expected resistance and/or reactance value to determine if delamination has occurred at one or more interfaces within the semiconductor wafer.
摘要:
The present disclosure is directed towards methods and systems and methods for measuring the integrity of an operating system's execution and ensuring that the system's code is performing its intended functionality. This includes examining the integrity of the code that the operating system is executing as well as the data that the operating system accesses. Integrity violations can be detected in the dynamic portions of the code being executed.
摘要:
The present disclosure is directed towards methods and systems and methods for measuring the integrity of an operating system's execution and ensuring that the system's code is performing its intended functionality. This includes examining the integrity of the code that the operating system is executing as well as the data that the operating system accesses. Integrity violations can be detected in the dynamic portions of the code being executed.
摘要:
The present disclosure is directed towards methods and systems and methods for measuring the integrity of an operating system's execution and ensuring that the system's code is performing its intended functionality. This includes examining the integrity of the code that the operating system is executing as well as the data that the operating system accesses. Integrity violations can be detected in the dynamic portions of the code being executed.
摘要:
A substrate holder assembly for immobilizing an integrated circuit (IC) wafer during polishing is described. The substrate holder includes a base plate sized to support the integrated circuit (IC) wafer, a circumferential restraint member arranged with respect to the base plate to engage the IC wafer's edges and a carrier assembly disposed above the base plate and below the IC wafer. The carrier assembly includes a film having a surface that is characterized by a substantially oblate spheroid or hyperboloid surface of rotation, wherein the surface of the film is capable of supporting the IC wafer in a manner causing the IC wafer to bow according to the surface of rotation.
摘要:
A process of forming a tungsten contact plug, on an integrated circuit (IC), that is substantially free of seam formation is described. The process includes forming a dielectric layer on a surface of a substrate, forming a via in the dielectric layer, blanket depositing a first bulk layer of tungsten on the dielectric layer and partially filling the via, blanket depositing an amorphous or a microcrystalline layer of tungsten over the first bulk layer of tungsten such that growth of tungsten grains inside the via is effectively inhibited, and blanket depositing a second bulk layer of tungsten on the amorphous or microcrystalline layer.
摘要:
A process of forming a tungsten contact plug, on an integrated circuit (IC), that is substantially free of seam formation is described. The process includes forming a dielectric layer on a surface of a substrate, forming a via in the dielectric layer, blanket depositing a first bulk layer of tungsten on the dielectric layer and partially filling the via, blanket depositing an amorphous or a microcrystalline layer of tungsten over the first bulk layer of tungsten such that growth of tungsten grains inside the via is effectively inhibited, and blanket depositing a second bulk layer of tungsten on the amorphous or microcrystalline layer.