摘要:
A multistage Mach-Zehnder interferometer type optical circuit including any number of symmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers and any number of asymmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers connected in cascade. In the optical circuit, low coherence light is used first to obtain individual phase control conditions of the symmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers without being affected by the asymmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers. Second, phase control conditions of the individual asymmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers are obtained by controlling the symmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers based on the first phase control conditions. Finally, the characteristic adjustment of the whole multistage Mach-Zehnder interferometer type optical circuit is carried out by controlling all the interferometers based on the phase control conditions of both the symmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers and asymmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers and setting the phase shift amounts of the individual interferometers at appropriate values.
摘要:
The object of the present invention is to provide a compact dispersion slope equalizer by which it is possible to simultaneously recover distorted waveforms of WDM signals by dispersion slope of DSF or NZ-DSF at 1.55 μm band, and to compensate for the dispersion of various fiber transmission lines having various dispersion values and variation of dispersion value caused by the temperature change or the like. WDM signals distorted by the dispersion slope of the fiber are introduced into an input waveguide, and are demultiplexed by a wavelength demultiplexer into each wavelength component, and pass through lattice-form optical circuits, transversal-form optical circuits, or the combination of these circuits. The dispersion slope of the signals is compensated for by these circuits. The recovered signals are multiplexed by a wavelength multiplexer, and the multiplexed light is outputted at an output waveguide. Arrayed-waveguide gratings can be used as the wavelength demultiplexer and multiplexer. Also, cascaded configuration of Mach-Zehnder interferometers, bulk-type optical filters, or fiber-type (or waveguide-type) gratings in series can also be used as the wavelength demultiplexer and multiplexer.
摘要:
A contact-heat fixing device for electrophotography, characterized in that said fixing device comprises a cleaning member impregnated with an offset preventive liquid and a means for feeding said cleaning member in a state compressedly contacted with a heated body by means of a predetermined compressive force.
摘要:
It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical filter which allows parameters to be easily adjusted, which allows birefringence and temperature dependence to be easily compensated for, and which is essentially free from dispersion. The optical filter includes an optical coupler that splits light into two beams, optical couplers connected to outputs of the optical coupler, a first group of two optical waveguide delay lines connected to the coupler, a second group of two optical waveguide delay lines connected to the coupler, an optical coupler that combines lights from the first group of the lines, an optical coupler that combines lights from the second group of the lines, and a multimode interference optical coupler that combines lights from the couplers together.
摘要:
A hot-air or radiant heat fixing device for copying machines wherein the device is provided with either a hot-air generating means or a radiant source of energy for elevating the temperature of toner images carried by support material to thereby effect coalescence of the toner particles forming the images to render them tacky.A corona discharge device is disposed intermediate the hot air or radiant energy source and the supporting body or material carrying the toner images such that the corona discharge generated thereby improves the efficiency of heat transfer from the energy source to the toner material forming the images.
摘要:
The object of the present invention is to provide a compact dispersion slope equalizer by which it is possible to simultaneously recover distorted waveforms of WDM signals by dispersion slope of DSF or NZ-DSF at 1.55 μm band, and to compensate for the dispersion of various fiber transmission lines having various dispersion values and variation of dispersion value caused by the temperature change or the like. WDM signals distorted by the dispersion slope of the fiber are introduced into an input waveguide, and are demultiplexed by a wavelength demultiplexer into each wavelength component, and pass through lattice-form optical circuits, transversal-form optical circuits, or the combination of these circuits. The dispersion slope of the signals is compensated for by these circuits. The recovered signals are multiplexed by a wavelength multiplexer, and the multiplexed light is outputted at an output waveguide. Arrayed-waveguide gratings can be used as the wavelength demultiplexer and multiplexer. Also, cascaded configuration of Mach-Zehnder interferometers, bulk-type optical filters, or fiber-type (or waveguide-type) gratings in series can also be used as the wavelength demultiplexer and multiplexer.
摘要:
An optical signal processor according to the present invention is an optical circuit of a lattice configuration. Its basic circuit structure comprises 3 dB directional couplers, two optical waveguides with equal optical path lengths, and two optical waveguides with different optical path lengths (an optical path difference of about 1 to 50 mm). Phase controllers for performing phase shift are provided on the optical waveguides. The portions with equal optical path lengths function as variable directional couplers, and variable directional couplers having arbitrary coupling rates can be constructed by changing the phase controllers on the optical waveguides with equal optical path lengths. As for an adaptive filter, there is adopted a construction in which a photodetector for withdrawing part of output is provided at the output port, and a feedback electric wiring for feedback control is laid.
摘要:
A contacting and heating fixing apparatus comprising a first roll of which the surface has a coating of a heat-resistant material with which a toner image of a material to be fixed comes into contact, a second roll for pressing, heating and fixing the material to be fixed in cooperation with said first roll, and a supply mechanism for supplying an offset inhibitor liquid to said heat-resistant parting material on the surface of said first roll, characterized in that supplying of the offset inhibitor liquid from said supply mechanism is made only at warm-up time of a copier.
摘要:
Silicone rubber is employed as a coating material on a fuser member and adhered to the base member by means of a novel polysiloxane composition. The novel polysiloxane composition comprises specified quantities of two moieties of organopolysiloxane, an allyl ester of a polybasic acid, an aliphatic salt of a metal, and a silane, and strongly adheres the silicone rubber outer layer to the base member or core even when silicone oil is used as a release agent on the fuser member.
摘要:
In the disclosed optical signal processing device, the digital-to-analog conversion of the input optical signals is realized in an optical region, without converting the input optical signals into electric signals for the purpose of signal processing, by splitting input optical signals into plural sets, delaying the split optical signals for mutually different delay amounts while adjusting amplitudes of these optical signals, combining these optical signals, and gating these optical signals on a time axis. It is also possible to realize the processing of the optical signals that are multiplexed on a time axis such as interchanges of time-slots similarly.