Abstract:
Provided is a concentration ratio controlling apparatus for concentration type solar cells that may adjust an opened area by mounting, to a lower portion of a solar simulator, a concentration ratio controlling apparatus combined with an adjustment unit capable of controlling the opened area and thereby adjusting the adjustment unit, and as a result, may adjust the quantity of light, that is, a concentration ratio, that is irradiated toward the surface of a solar cell disposed below a condenser by varying the quantity of light incident through a Fresnel lens disposed in a lower portion of the condenser.
Abstract:
Provided is a method of manufacturing a metal interconnect of a semiconductor device including: forming a interconnect hole by patterning an interlayer insulating film formed on a substrate; performing a nitriding treatment on a surface of the interlayer insulating film by injecting a gas including nitrogen into a deposition apparatus in which the substrate is disposed; forming a diffusion preventing film by injecting the gas including nitrogen and a metal source gas into the deposition apparatus together; filling the interconnect hole with a metal; and removing the metal formed on a part other than the interconnect hole by a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process. Accordingly, the mechanical strength of the interlayer insulating film is increased, thereby preventing scratches or defects that are generated during the chemical mechanical polishing process.