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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4675097A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US687712
申请日：1984-12-31
CPC分类号： C10G47/32
摘要： A process for converting heavy hydrocarbon into light hydrocarbon which comprises contacting heavy hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of less than about 20, such as Boscan heavy crude oil and tar sand bitumen, with a liquid comprising water, and carbon monoxide in the presence of an externally added catalyst comprising a mixture of sulfur and at least one of ferric oxide, ferric sulfide, ferrous sulfide and pyrite a residue and a phase comprising light hydrocarbon, gas and water; separating the residue and said phase; and recovering from said phase light hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of greater than about 20, and having a hydrogen to carbon mole ratio greater than that of the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock.
摘要翻译： 将重质烃转化为轻质烃的方法，其包括使具有小于约20的API比重在25℃以下的重烃与例如Boscan重质原油和焦油砂沥青与包含水的液体和一氧化碳接触的方法 外部添加的催化剂的存在，其包含硫和氧化亚铁，硫化铁，硫化亚铁和黄铁矿a残余物中的至少一种的混合物和包含轻质烃，气体和水的相的混合物; 分离残留物和所述相; 并从25℃的API比重大于约20的所述相轻质烃回收，并且其氢碳摩尔比大于重烃原料的氢碳摩尔比。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4543177A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-24
申请号：US619663
申请日：1984-06-11
摘要： A process is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons which comprises contacting, in a first zone, a heavy hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of less than about 20, such as Boscan heavy crude oil and tar sand bitumen, with a liquid comprising water, in the absence of externally added catalyst and hydrogen, while maintaining the first zone at a temperature between 400.degree. and about 480.degree. C. and at a pressure at least about 690 kPa (about 100 psig, about 6.76 atm) and less than about 5,000 kPa (about 725 psig, about 148 atm), for a contact time under continuous flow conditions sufficient to produce a uniform (i.e., intimate) reaction mixture; forwarding the uniform reaction mixture to a second zone wherein the temperature and pressure conditions of the first zone are maintained at substantially steady state conditions for a time sufficient to separate the uniform mixture into a residue and a phase comprising light hydrocarbons, gas and water, withdrawing the residue and said phase from the second zone; and recovering a light hydrocarbon product having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of greater than about 20 and substantially free of vanadium and nickel values, i.e., less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 10 or 5 ppm, a gaseous product, and a residue.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种将重质烃转化为轻质烃的方法，其包括在第一区域中将具有小于约20的API重力在25℃的重质烃如Boscan重质原油和焦油砂沥青与 在没有外加催化剂和氢的情况下，包含水的液体，同时将第一区域保持在400至约480℃之间的温度和至少约690kPa（约100psig，约6.76atm）的压力下， 和约5,000kPa（约725psig，约148atm），在足以产生均匀（即紧密）的反应混合物的连续流动条件下的接触时间; 将均匀的反应混合物转移到第二区，其中第一区的温度和压力条件保持在基本上稳定的状态条件下足以将均匀混合物分离成残余物的时间和包含轻质烃，气体和水的相，抽出 残留物和来自第二区的所述相; 并回收具有大于约20的API重力在25℃下的基本上不含钒和镍值的轻烃产物，即小于50ppm，优选小于10或5ppm的气态产物，以及 残留物
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4743357A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US813357
申请日：1985-12-26
摘要： A process for converting heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons which comprises contacting, in a reaction zone, a heavy hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of less than about 20, such as Boscan heavy crude oil or tar sand bitumen, with a liquid comprising water and with an effective amount of selected catalyst materials such as iron (II and/or III) oxides, sulfides or sulfates, in the absence of externally added hydrogen, at a temperature between greater than about 340.degree. and about 480.degree. C. and at a pressure between about 1350 kPa (about 196 psig, about 13.2 atm) and about 15,000 kPa (about 2175 psig, about 148 atm), for a time sufficient to produce a residue and a vapor phase comprising light hydrocarbons, gaseous product and water, withdrawing the residue and said phase from the second zone; and recovering a light hydrocarbon product having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of greater than about 20 and substantially free of vanadium and nickel values, i.e., less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 30 ppm, a gaseous product, and a residue is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 一种将重质烃转化为轻质烃的方法，包括将反应区中25℃的API比重小于约20的重烃与Boscan重质原油或焦油砂沥青与液体 在大于约340℃至约480℃的温度下，在不存在外加氢的情况下，包含水和有效量的所选择的催化剂材料如铁（II和/或III）氧化物，硫化物或硫酸盐。 在约1350kPa（约196psig，约13.2atm）和约15,000kPa（约2175psig，约148atm）之间的压力下，足以产生残余物的时间和包含轻质烃，气态产物和 水，从第二区抽出残渣和所述相; 并回收具有大于约20的API重力在25℃和基本上不含钒和镍值（即小于50ppm，优选小于30ppm）气态产物的轻质烃产物，残余物为 披露
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公开(公告)号：US4737384A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-12
申请号：US793935
申请日：1985-11-01
CPC分类号： B05D1/18 , B05D2401/90
摘要： A process of depositing thin film onto a substrate using super-critical fluids.
摘要翻译： 使用超临界流体将薄膜沉积到基底上的过程。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4446012A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-01
申请号：US517311
申请日：1983-07-26
摘要： A process for converting heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons which comprises contacting, in a first zone, a heavy hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of less than about 20, such as Boscan heavy crude oil and tar sand bitumen, with a liquid comprising water, in the absence of externally added catalyst and hydrogen, while maintaining the first zone at a temperature between about 380.degree. and about 480.degree. C. and at a pressure between about 5000 kPa (about 725 psig, about 49 atm) and about 15,000 kPa (about 2175 psig, about 148 atm), for a time sufficient to produce a uniform reaction mixture; forwarding the uniform reaction mixture to a second zone wherein the temperature and pressure conditions of the first zone are maintained for a time sufficient to separate the uniform mixture into a residue and a phase comprising light hydrocarbons, gas and water, withdrawing the residue and said phase from the second zone; and recovering a light hydrocarbon product having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of greater than about 20 and substantially free of vanadium and nickel values, i.e., less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 30 ppm, a gaseous product, and a residue is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 一种将重质烃转化成轻质烃的方法，包括使第一区域中具有25℃以下的API比重小于约20的重质烃如Boscan重质原油和焦油砂沥青与液体接触的方法 在不存在外部加入的催化剂和氢的情况下包含水，同时将第一区域保持在约380℃至约480℃之间的温度和约5000kPa（约725psig，约49atm）和约 15,000kPa（约2175psig，约148atm），足以产生均匀的反应混合物; 将均匀的反应混合物转运到第二区，其中第一区的温度和压力条件保持足够的时间足以将均匀混合物分离成残余物，并且包含轻质烃，气体和水的相，抽出残余物和所述相 从第二区; 并回收具有大于约20的API重力在25℃和基本上不含钒和镍值（即小于50ppm，优选小于30ppm）气态产物的轻质烃产物，残余物为 披露
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公开(公告)号：US4704480A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-03
申请号：US892545
申请日：1986-08-04
IPC分类号： C07C29/145 , C07C45/00 , C07C45/73 , C07C45/74
CPC分类号： C07C45/74 , C07C29/145 , C07C45/002 , C07C45/73
摘要： A novel process is described for the production of aliphatic ketones and an optional consequetive production of the corresponding carbinols. The starting reactants comprise ketones or aldehydes or compounds capable of converting to these in situ, such as alcohols. The reaction takes place in the presence of hydrogen in a selective temperature range, utilizing a catalyst comprising copper oxide.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于生产脂族酮的新方法，并且可选地产生相应的甲醇。 起始反应物包括酮或醛或能够原位转化为这些醇的化合物，例如醇。 反应在氢气存在下，在选择性温度范围内，使用包含氧化铜的催化剂进行。
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公开(公告)号：US4454356A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-12
申请号：US431978
申请日：1982-10-14
CPC分类号： C07C41/06 , C07C41/42 , C07C41/46 , Y10S203/06
摘要： Methanol is reacted with branched monoolefins such as isobutylene, or mixtures of hydrocarbons such as mixed C-4's from or in a refinery, in the presence of methanesulfonic acid. A column (10) operation is described wherein methanesulfonic acid (11) and methanol (12) are fed in countercurrent fashion to hydrocarbons (13). Crude product ether is removed as a liquid sidestream (25) above the feed of methanesulfonic acid (11), while hydrocarbons depleted of the reactive branched monoolefins (24) are removed overhead. The methanesulfonic acid suppresses the vapor pressure of methanol relative to product ether.
摘要翻译： 在甲磺酸存在下，甲醇与支链单烯烃如异丁烯或烃混合物如来自或在炼油厂中的混合C-4反应。 描述了一种塔（10）操作，其中甲烷磺酸（11）和甲醇（12）以与烃（13）逆流的方式进料。 粗产物醚作为甲磺酸（11）进料上方的液体侧流（25）除去，而消耗反应性支链单烯烃（24）的烃在顶部除去。 甲磺酸抑制甲醇相对于产物醚的蒸气压。
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公开(公告)号：US4709101A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-24
申请号：US781163
申请日：1985-09-30
摘要： An improved process for the production of methyl ethers of the type in which methanol is reacted with a branched monoolefin in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more acid catalyst, said improvements comprising carrying out said reaction in one or two steps in the presence of one or more liquid organic compounds having one or more hydroxy substituents which functions as a carrier for the branched monoolefins. The hydroxy compound also inhibits the polymerization of the branched monoolefins.
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公开(公告)号：US4792639A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-20
申请号：US090175
申请日：1987-08-27
摘要： An improved process for the production of methyl ethers of the type in which methanol is reacted with a branched monoolefin in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more acid catalyst, said improvements comprising carrying out said reaction in one or two steps in the presence of one or more liquid organic compounds having one or more hydroxy substituents which functions as a carrier for the branched monoolefins. The hydroxy compound also inhibits the polymerization of the branched monoolefins.
摘要翻译： 一种在催化有效量的一种或多种酸催化剂存在下生产甲醇与支链单烯烃反应的甲基醚的改进方法，所述改进包括在一步或两步中进行所述反应 存在一种或多种具有一个或多个羟基取代基的液体有机化合物，其用作支链单烯烃的载体。 羟基化合物也抑制支链单烯烃的聚合。
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