公开(公告)号：US06559448B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-06

申请号：US09663494

申请日：2000-09-18

Applicant: Kurt Müller ,  Martin Allemann

Inventor： Kurt Müller ,  Martin Allemann

IPC: G08B1300

CPC classification number: G08B13/193

Abstract: The passive infrared detector contains a heat-sensitive sensor and a focusing device for focusing thermal rays incident on the detector from the room under surveillance onto the sensor. The focusing device has focusing elements for surveillance regions having different positions in the room under surveillance. Each focusing element comprises a number of sub-elements, with the result that the surveillance regions are split up vertically into subzones having slightly different elevation. In a majority of the surveillance regions, the subzones overlap at most only slightly. Human being and animals are distinguished by the amplitude of the sensor signal which is proportional to the number of subzones interrupted by the object in the room under surveillance. The number of sub-elements and correspondingly the number of subzones increases with decreasing radial distance of the respective surveillance region from the detector.

Abstract translation: 被动红外探测器包含一个热敏传感器和一个聚焦装置，用于将入射在检测器上的热射线从被监视的房间聚焦到传感器上。 聚焦装置具有用于在监视室内具有不同位置的监视区域的聚焦元件。 每个聚焦元件包括多个子元件，结果是监视区域垂直地分离成具有稍微不同高度的子区域。 在大多数监视区域中，次区域最多只相互重叠。 人和动物的区别在于传感器信号的幅度与被监视的房间内物体中断的子区域数成正比。 子元素的数量和相应的子区域的数量随着相应监视区域与检测器的径向距离的减小而增加。

公开(公告)号：US5089702A

公开(公告)日：1992-02-18

申请号：US612481

申请日：1990-12-12

Applicant: Martin Allemann ,  Pablo Caravatti

Inventor： Martin Allemann ,  Pablo Caravatti

IPC: G01N27/62 ,  G21K1/00 ,  H01J49/38

CPC classification number: H01J49/38

Abstract: An ICR ion trap comprises electrically conductive side plates (1) extending in parallel to one axis (Z), and electrically conductive end plates (5,6) extending perpendicularly to the said axis (Z). Additional electrode plates (8,9) are arranged at a certain spacing from the said end plates (5,6) and can be supplied with trapping potentials of a polarity opposite to the polarity of the potentials applied to the said end plates so that an outer space is defined in which electrodes of opposite sign are trapped. Following analysis and elimination of the ions contained in the inner space, the ions of opposite sign can be trapped in the inner space for subsequent analysis. The arrangement provides also the possibility to observe recombination reactions between ions of different signs.

公开(公告)号：US4563579A

公开(公告)日：1986-01-07

申请号：US645051

申请日：1984-08-28

Applicant: Hanspeter Kellerhals ,  Martin Allemann

Inventor： Hanspeter Kellerhals ,  Martin Allemann

IPC: H01J49/10 ,  G01N27/62 ,  G01R33/64 ,  H01J49/14 ,  H01J49/38 ,  G01N24/14

CPC classification number: G01R33/64 ,  H01J49/38 ,  Y10S505/842

Abstract: In a procedure for recording ion-cyclotron resonance spectra or an apparatus for carrying out the procedure, gaseous ions of a sample substance in an ultrahigh vacuum are simultaneously exposed to a constant magnetic field B.sub.O and to a high frequency field which is perpendicular to it, with resonances being excited when the frequency of the alternating field corresponds to the rotational frequency of the ions which move on circular paths in the constant magnetic field. To produce gaseous ions of the sample substance, the latter is bombarded with additional gaseous, high-energy ions of a primary substance. The primary ions are produced in the measuring cell by means of an electron beam and excited to a high energy level by means of ion-cyclotron resonance (FIG. 2).

Abstract translation: 在用于记录离子回旋共振光谱的过程或用于执行该过程的装置中，超高真空中的样品物质的气态离子同时暴露于恒定磁场BO和垂直于其的高频场， 当交变场的频率对应于在恒定磁场中在圆形路径上移动的离子的旋转频率时，谐振被激发。 为了产生样品物质的气态离子，后者用主要物质的附加气态高能离子轰击。 初级离子通过电子束在测量池中产生，并通过离子回旋共振（图2）激发到高能级。

公开(公告)号：US5608220A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-04

申请号：US538578

申请日：1995-10-03

Applicant: Dieter Wieser ,  Martin Allemann ,  Rene Lange

Inventor： Dieter Wieser ,  Martin Allemann ,  Rene Lange

IPC: G08B13/193 ,  G02B17/00 ,  G01J5/08

CPC classification number: G08B13/193 ,  Y10S250/01

Abstract: In an infrared intrusion detector, a focusing mirror reflects incident infrared radiation of interest onto a pyroelectric sensor element. To prevent extraneous radiation from reaching the sensor element, the mirror has a reflective layer for reflecting infrared radiation of interest, and an absorptive layer disposed behind the reflective layer for absorbing extraneous radiation which has passed through the reflective layer. Infrared radiation of interest includes human body thermal radiation, and extraneous radiation includes the visible spectrum. Doped indium-tin oxide (ITO) is preferred for the reflective layer.

Abstract translation: 在红外入侵检测器中，聚焦镜将感兴趣的入射红外辐射反射到热电传感器元件上。 为了防止外来辐射到达传感器元件，反射镜具有用于反射感兴趣的红外辐射的反射层和设置在反射层后面的吸收层，用于吸收穿过反射层的外来辐射。 感兴趣的红外辐射包括人体热辐射，外来辐射包括可见光谱。 掺杂的氧化铟锡（ITO）对于反射层是优选的。

公开(公告)号：US4982087A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-01

申请号：US460938

申请日：1990-02-21

Applicant: Martin Allemann ,  Pablo Caravatti

Inventor： Martin Allemann ,  Pablo Caravatti

IPC: G01N27/62 ,  G21K1/00 ,  H01J49/38

CPC classification number: H01J49/38

Abstract: An ICR ion trap comprises electrically conductive side plates (1) extending in parallel to one axis (Z), and electrically conductive end plates (5,6) extending perpendicularly to the said axis (Z). Additional electrode plates (8,9) are arranged at a certain spacing from the said end plates (5,6) and can be supplied with trapping potentials of a polarity opposite to the polarity of the potentials applied to the said end plates so that an outer space is defined in which electrodes of opposite sign are trapped. Following analysis and elimination of the ions contained in the inner space, the ions of opposite sign can be trapped in the inner space for subsequent analysis. The arrangement provides also the possibility to observe recombination reactions between ions of different signs.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / EP89 / 00751 Sec。 371日期1990年2月21日 102（e）1990年2月21日PCT PCT 1989年6月28日PCT公布。 公开号WO90 / 00309 日期1990年1月11日。ICR离子阱包括平行于一个轴线（Z）延伸的导电侧板（1）和垂直于所述轴线（Z）延伸的导电端板（5,6）。 附加的电极板（8,9）以与所述端板（5,6）一定的间隔布置，并且可以提供与施加到所述端板的电位的极性相反极性的捕获电位，使得 定义了外部空间，其中相对标志的电极被捕获。 在分析和消除包含在内部空间中的离子之后，相反符号的离子可以被捕获在内部空间中用于随后的分析。 该装置还提供观察不同标志的离子之间的重组反应的可能性。

公开(公告)号：US4818864A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-04

申请号：US81862

申请日：1987-08-05

Applicant: Martin Allemann

Inventor： Martin Allemann

IPC: G01R33/64 ,  H01J49/36 ,  H01J49/38

CPC classification number: G01R33/64 ,  H01J49/38

Abstract: For eliminating undesirable charged low-mass particles from the measuring cell of an ion cyclotron resonance spectrometer the electrodes normally required for exciting the cyclotron movement are supplied with an rf voltage having a frequency twice as high as the resonance frequency of the trapping oscillation of the charged particles between the trapping electrodes provided perpendicularly to the homogenous magnetic field of the spectrometer. In this manner, the low-mass charged particles are excited to perform trapping oscillations in the direction of the homogenous magnetic field which cause the charged particles to overcome the trapping potentials and, thus, to be eliminated.

Abstract translation: 为了消除来自离子回旋共振光谱仪的测量单元的不需要的带电荷的低质量颗粒，通常需要用于激发回旋加速器运动的电极具有频率比充电的捕获振荡的谐振频率的两倍的频率的rf电压 捕获电极之间的颗粒垂直于光谱仪的均匀磁场提供。 以这种方式，低质量带电粒子被激发以在均匀磁场的方向上进行捕获振荡，这导致带电粒子克服俘获电势，因此被消除。

公开(公告)号：US5942976A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-24

申请号：US742813

申请日：1996-11-01

Applicant: Dieter Wieser ,  Kurt Albert Muller ,  Martin Allemann ,  Michael Thomas Gale ,  Thomas Hessler

Inventor： Dieter Wieser ,  Kurt Albert Muller ,  Martin Allemann ,  Michael Thomas Gale ,  Thomas Hessler

IPC: G08B29/04 ,  G08B13/00

CPC classification number: G08B29/046 ,  Y10S250/01

Abstract: A passive infrared intrusion detector for the detection of infrared body radiation includes a sabotage detector, in particular for detecting spraying of the entrance window of the intrusion detector. The sabotage detector includes a light source, a corresponding light sensor, and an optical diffraction grating structure on the outside of the entrance window. The light source and the light sensor can be on the same or on opposite sides of the entrance window. By first- or higher-order diffraction, light from the light source is focused onto the sensor, and a resulting electrical signal from the sensor is evaluated by an evaluation circuit. In case of sabotage, the focusing effect of the optical diffraction grating structure vanishes, so that the light intensity at the detector is reduced. The drop in light intensity triggers a sabotage alarm signal.

Abstract translation: 用于检测红外线体辐射的被动红外入侵检测器包括破坏检测器，特别是用于检测入侵检测器的入口窗口的喷雾。 破坏检测器包括光源，相应的光传感器和入射窗外侧的光学衍射光栅结构。 光源和光传感器可以在入口窗口的相同或相对两侧。 通过一阶或高阶衍射，来自光源的光聚焦到传感器上，并且通过评估电路评估来自传感器的所得电信号。 在破坏的情况下，光学衍射光栅结构的聚焦效应消失，从而降低了检测器处的​​光强度。 光强度的下降触发了破坏报警信号。

公开(公告)号：US5019706A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-28

申请号：US518120

申请日：1990-05-03

Applicant: Martin Allemann ,  Pablo Caravatti

Inventor： Martin Allemann ,  Pablo Caravatti

IPC: G01R33/64 ,  H01J49/38

CPC classification number: G01R33/64 ,  H01J49/38

Abstract: A method of operating an ICR spectrometer comprising a measuring cell (1) having a plurality of side walls (3, 4) designed as rf electrodes and arranged symmetrically to an axis (2) extending in parallel to the field direction of a magnetic field, and further electrically insulated trapping electrodes (5, 6) arranged on both sides of the cell, viewed in the direction of the axis, which trapping electrodes can be supplied with trapping potentials of the polarity of the ions under examination in order to prevent, to a large extent, the ions from leaving the measuring cell (1) in the direction of the axis, provides that, in order to minimize the components of the electric rf field directed in parallel to the axis, which act upon the ions in the measuring cell (1), additional electric rf signals are applied to at least one said trapping electrode (5) on both sides of the said measuring cell (1). One thereby obtains in the measuring cell (1) a behavior of the electric rf field lines corresponding approximately to that which would be obtained, theoretically, in a measuring cell (1) of infinite axial length. This prevents axial acclerations of the ions in the measuring cell (1) by the electric rf field, which normally result in these ions being lost for the measuring process.

Abstract translation: 一种操作ICR光谱仪的方法，该ICR光谱仪包括具有设计为射频电极并且平行于磁场的场方向延伸的轴线（2）对称设置的多个侧壁（3,4）的测量单元（1） 以及从轴的方向观察的布置在电池两侧的进一步的电绝缘的捕获电极（5,6），可以向捕获电极提供被检离子极性的俘获电位，以防止 很大程度上离开测量单元（1）在轴线方向上的离子提供了为了最小化平行于轴的电rf场的分量，其作用在测量中的离子上 电池（1）中，在所述测量电池（1）两侧的至少一个所述捕获电极（5）上施加额外的电rf信号。 因此，在测量单元（1）中获得大致相当于理论上在无限轴向长度的测量单元（1）中获得的电场线的行为。 这样可以防止测量单元（1）中的离子通过电场场的轴向强迫，这通常导致这些离子在测量过程中丢失。

公开(公告)号：US4464570A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-07

申请号：US390050

申请日：1982-06-18

Applicant: Martin Allemann ,  Hanspeter Kellerhals

Inventor： Martin Allemann ,  Hanspeter Kellerhals

IPC: G01R33/64 ,  H01J49/34 ,  B01D59/44 ,  H01J49/00

CPC classification number: H01J49/38 ,  G01R33/64

Abstract: In ion cyclotron resonance spectroscopy, a gaseous sample substance contained in a measuring cell and exposed to a constant magnetic field therein is ionized and is subsequently subjected to an electric HF measuring field oriented orthogonally to the magnetic field. The frequencies of the electric field encompass the frequencies of the cyclotron resonance frequencies of the ions of the sample substance. Sample substances often include ions which are of no interest to the material under study but which produce very strong lines that can be highly disturbing because of the limited dynamics of the spectrometer and, especially, the relatively low concentration of ions in the measuring cell which is necessary to prevent space charge effects. To avoid such disturbances, the sample substance is subjected to a HF selection field, prior to applying the HF measuring field, which selection field includes the cyclotron resonance frequency of at least one of the undesired ion species, for a period of time until the orbital radii of the ions of this kind have reached a magnitude at which the ions collide with the walls of the measuring cell and are thereby ejected. By repeating the process of ionization and elimination of the undesired ions, the concentration of the desired ions in the cell can be increased up to the permissible maximum value, resulting in a substantial increase in the sensitivity of the spectrometer.

Abstract translation: 在离子回旋共振光谱法中，将包含在测量池中并暴露于其中的恒定磁场的气态样品物质离子化，随后经受与该磁场正交定向的电HF测量场。 电场的频率包括样品物质的离子的回旋共振频率的频率。 样品物质通常包括对所研究的材料没有兴趣的离子，但是由于光谱仪的动力学有限而产生非常强的线，这些线可能是非常干扰的，特别是测量单元中相对较低的离子浓度 必须防止空间电荷的影响。 为了避免这种干扰，在施加HF测量场之前，将样品物质经受HF选择场，该选择场包括至少一种不需要的离子物质的回旋共振频率，持续一段时间直到轨道 这种离子的半径已经达到离子与测量池的壁碰撞的程度，从而被喷射。 通过重复离子化和消除不需要的离子的过程，可以将电池中所需离子的浓度增加到允许的最大值，导致光谱仪的灵敏度显着提高。

公开(公告)号：US5424718A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-13

申请号：US216677

申请日：1994-03-23

Applicant: Kurt Muller ,  Martin Allemann ,  Rene Lange

Inventor： Kurt Muller ,  Martin Allemann ,  Rene Lange

IPC: G08B13/193 ,  G08B13/191

CPC classification number: G08B13/193 ,  Y10S250/01

Abstract: An infrared intrusion detector uses infrared-sensitive sensors with pyroelectric sensor elements for detecting infrared radiation from a spatial region to be monitored. Infrared radiation passes through an entrance window and reaches the sensor elements via focusing mirrors. Extraneous radiation, outside the useful radiation band, is eliminated by filtering at the entrance window and by an optical transmission filter, and by scattering at suitable rough surfaces of the focusing mirrors. As a result, the infrared intrusion detector is less sensitive to extraneous radiation and less likely to produce false alarms.

Abstract translation: 红外入侵检测器使用具有热电传感器元件的红外敏感传感器来检测来自待监测的空间区域的红外辐射。 红外辐射通过入口窗口并通过聚焦镜到达传感器元件。 在有用的辐射带外部的外部辐射通过在入口窗口和光学透射滤光器处的滤波以及通过在聚焦反射镜的合适的粗糙表面处散射来消除。 因此，红外线入侵检测器对外部辐射敏感度较低，并且不太可能产生假警报。