Asymmetric carbon-carbon-bond-forming reactions catalyzed by bifunctional cinchona alkaloids
    1.
    发明授权
    Asymmetric carbon-carbon-bond-forming reactions catalyzed by bifunctional cinchona alkaloids 有权
    由双功能甜菜碱生物碱催化的不对称碳 - 碳键形成反应

    公开(公告)号:US07582764B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-09-01

    申请号:US11442742

    申请日:2006-05-26

    IPC分类号: C07D453/04

    摘要: One aspect of the present invention relates to quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain a hydroxy group at the 6′ position. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain an O-aryl group or an O-aroyl group at the C9 position. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain an optionally substituted O-diazene group or an optionally substituted O-benzoyl group at the C9 position. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain a thiourea at the C9 position. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain an NH(═S)NH-aryl group at the C9 position. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a chiral, non-racemic compound from a prochiral electron-deficient alkene or prochiral imine, comprising the step of: reacting a prochiral alkene or imine with a nucleophile in the presence of a catalyst; thereby producing a chiral, non-racemic compound; wherein said catalyst is a derivatized quinine or quinidine. In certain embodiments, the nucleophile is a malonate or β-ketoester. In certain embodiments the nucleophile is an alkyl or aryl or aralkyl 2-cyano-2-alkylacetate. In certain embodiments the nucleophile is an alkyl or aryl or aralkyl 2-cyano-2-alkylacetate.Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of kinetic resolution, comprising the step of: reacting a racemic aldehyde or racemic ketone with a nucleophile in the presence of a derivatized quinine or quinidine, thereby producing a non-racemic, chiral compound. In certain embodiments, the kinetic resolution is dynamic.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一个方面涉及基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在6'位置含有羟基。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在C 9位含有O-芳基或O-芳酰基。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在C 9位含有任选取代的O-二氮烯基或任选取代的O-苯甲酰基。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在C 9位含有硫脲。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在C 9位含有NH(-S)NH-芳基。 本发明的另一方面涉及从前手性电子缺乏烯烃或前手性亚胺制备手性非外消旋化合物的方法,其包括以下步骤:在催化剂存在下使前手性烯烃或亚胺与亲核试剂反应 ; 从而产生手性,非外消旋化合物; 其中所述催化剂是衍生的奎宁或奎尼丁。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是丙二酸酯或β-酮酯。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是烷基或芳基或2-氰基-2-烷基乙酸烷基酯。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是烷基或芳基或2-氰基-2-烷基乙酸烷基酯。 本发明的另一方面涉及一种动力学拆分方法,其包括以下步骤:在衍生化的奎宁或奎尼丁存在下,使外消旋醛或外消旋酮与亲核试剂反应,从而产生非外消旋的手性化合物。 在某些实施方案中,动力学分辨率是动态的。

    Asymmetric carbon-carbon-bond-forming reactions catalyzed by bifunctional cinchona alkaloids
    2.
    发明申请
    Asymmetric carbon-carbon-bond-forming reactions catalyzed by bifunctional cinchona alkaloids 有权
    由双功能甜菜碱生物碱催化的不对称碳 - 碳键形成反应

    公开(公告)号:US20070083049A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-04-12

    申请号:US11442742

    申请日:2006-05-26

    摘要: One aspect of the present invention relates to quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain a hydroxy group at the 6′ position. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain an O-aryl group or an O-aroyl group at the C9 position. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain an optionally substituted O-diazene group or an optionally substituted O-benzoyl group at the C9 position. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain a thiourea at the C9 position. In certain embodiments, the quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts contain an NH(═S)NH-aryl group at the C9 position. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a chiral, non-racemic compound from a prochiral electron-deficient alkene or prochiral imine, comprising the step of: reacting a prochiral alkene or imine with a nucleophile in the presence of a catalyst; thereby producing a chiral, non-racemic compound; wherein said catalyst is a derivatized quinine or quinidine. In certain embodiments, the nucleophile is a malonate or β-ketoester. In certain embodiments the nucleophile is an alkyl or aryl or aralkyl 2-cyano-2-alkylacetate. In certain embodiments the nucleophile is an alkyl or aryl or aralkyl 2-cyano-2-alkylacetate. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of kinetic resolution, comprising the step of: reacting a racemic aldehyde or racemic ketone with a nucleophile in the presence of a derivatized quinine or quinidine, thereby producing a non-racemic, chiral compound. In certain embodiments, the kinetic resolution is dynamic.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一个方面涉及基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在6'位置含有羟基。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在C 9位含有O-芳基或O-芳酰基。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在C 9位含有任选取代的O-二氮烯基或任选取代的O-苯甲酰基。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在C 9位含有硫脲。 在某些实施方案中,基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂在C 9位含有NH(-S)NH-芳基。 本发明的另一方面涉及从前手性电子缺乏烯烃或前手性亚胺制备手性非外消旋化合物的方法,其包括以下步骤:在催化剂存在下使前手性烯烃或亚胺与亲核试剂反应 ; 从而产生手性,非外消旋化合物; 其中所述催化剂是衍生的奎宁或奎尼丁。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是丙二酸酯或β-酮酯。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是烷基或芳基或2-氰基-2-烷基乙酸烷基酯。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是烷基或芳基或2-氰基-2-烷基乙酸烷基酯。 本发明的另一方面涉及一种动力学拆分方法,其包括以下步骤:在衍生化的奎宁或奎尼丁存在下,使外消旋醛或外消旋酮与亲核试剂反应,从而产生非外消旋的手性化合物。 在某些实施方案中,动力学分辨率是动态的。

    Asymmetric friedel-crafts alkylations catalyzed by bifunctional cinchona alkaloids
    3.
    发明授权
    Asymmetric friedel-crafts alkylations catalyzed by bifunctional cinchona alkaloids 有权
    不对称Friedel-Crafts由双功能金雀草生物碱催化的烷基化

    公开(公告)号:US08791262B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-07-29

    申请号:US12095843

    申请日:2006-12-01

    申请人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    发明人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    IPC分类号: C07D453/04

    CPC分类号: C07D209/18

    摘要: In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to methods for asymmetric Friedel-Crafts alkylation catalyzed by bifunctional cinchona alkaloids. In certain embodiments, the catalyst is a 6′-OH cinchona alkaloid. In certain embodiments, the electrophile is an α-ketoester or aldehyde. In certain embodiments, the nucleophile is an aromatic heterocycle. In certain embodiments, the nucleophile is an aromatic N-containing heterocycle. In certain embodiments, the nucleophile is an indole. In certain embodiments, the methods of the invention are relatively insensitive to concentration, temperature, air and moisture.

    摘要翻译: 在某些实施方案中,本发明涉及由双功能甜菜碱生物碱催化的不对称Friedel-Crafts烷基化方法。 在某些实施方案中,催化剂是6'-OH cinchona生物碱。 在某些实施方案中,亲电试剂是α-酮酯或醛。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是芳族杂环。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是芳香族含氮杂环。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是吲哚。 在某些实施方案中,本发明的方法对浓度,温度,空气和水分相对不敏感。

    Asymmetric Michael and Aldol additions using bifunctional cinchona-alkaloid-based catalysts
    4.
    发明申请
    Asymmetric Michael and Aldol additions using bifunctional cinchona-alkaloid-based catalysts 有权
    使用双功能金雀子 - 生物碱类催化剂的不对称Michael和Aldol添加剂

    公开(公告)号:US20060014956A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-01-19

    申请号:US11140574

    申请日:2005-05-27

    申请人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    发明人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    IPC分类号: C07F7/02 C07D453/04

    摘要: One aspect of the present invention relates to quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of preparing a derivatized quinine-based or quinidine-based catalyst comprising 1) reacting quinine or quinidine with base and a compound that has a suitable leaving group, and 2) converting the ring methoxy group to a hydroxy group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a chiral, non-racemic compound from a prochiral electron-deficient alkene or azo compound or prochiral aldehyde or prochiral ketone, comprising the step of: reacting a prochiral electron-deficient alkene or azo compound or prochiral aldehyde or prochiral ketone with a nucleophile in the presence of a catalyst; thereby producing a chiral, non-racemic compound; wherein said catalyst is a derivatized quinine or quinidine. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of kinetic resolution, comprising the step of: reacting racemic chiral alkene with a nucleophile in the presence of a derivatized quinine or quinidine.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一个方面涉及基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂。 本发明的另一方面涉及一种制备衍生的基于奎宁或奎尼丁的催化剂的方法,其包括:1)将奎宁或奎尼丁与碱和具有合适离去基团的化合物反应,和2)将环甲氧基转化为 羟基。 本发明的另一方面涉及从前手电子缺乏烯烃或偶氮化合物或前手性醛或前手性酮制备手性非外消旋化合物的方法,其包括以下步骤:使前手电子缺乏烯烃或偶氮 化合物或前手性醛或前手性酮与亲核试剂在催化剂存在下反应; 从而产生手性,非外消旋化合物; 其中所述催化剂是衍生的奎宁或奎尼丁。 本发明的另一方面涉及一种动力学拆分方法,其包括以下步骤:在衍生的奎宁或奎尼丁存在下使外消旋手性烯与亲核试剂反应。

    Asymmetric aldol additions using bifunctional cinchona-alkaloid-based catalysts
    5.
    发明授权
    Asymmetric aldol additions using bifunctional cinchona-alkaloid-based catalysts 有权
    使用双功能胡萝卜素 - 生物碱类催化剂的不对称醛醇醛添加剂

    公开(公告)号:US08765955B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-07-01

    申请号:US11442667

    申请日:2006-05-26

    申请人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    发明人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    IPC分类号: C07D453/04

    CPC分类号: C07D453/04

    摘要: One aspect of the present invention relates to asymmetric catalytic nitroaldol (Henry) reactions with ketones as the electrophilic component. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to asymmetric nitroaldol reactions with α-keto esters catalyzed by a new C6′-OH cinchona alkaloid catalyst. In certain embodiments, this reaction is operationally simple and affords high enantioselectivity as well as good to excellent yield for an exceptionally broad range of α-keto esters.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一个方面涉及与酮作为亲电子组分的不对称催化硝基醛(Henry)反应。 在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及与新的C6'-OH cinchona生物碱催化剂催化的α-酮酯的不对称硝基醛反应。 在某些实施方案中,该反应在操作上是简单的,并且对于特别宽范围的α-酮酯而言具有高的对映选择性以及良好至极好的收率。

    Asymmetric Michael and Aldol additions using bifunctional cinchona-alkaloid-based catalysts
    6.
    发明授权
    Asymmetric Michael and Aldol additions using bifunctional cinchona-alkaloid-based catalysts 有权
    使用双功能金雀子 - 生物碱类催化剂的不对称Michael和Aldol添加剂

    公开(公告)号:US07312335B2

    公开(公告)日:2007-12-25

    申请号:US11140574

    申请日:2005-05-27

    申请人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    发明人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    IPC分类号: C07D453/02 C07D453/04

    摘要: One aspect of the present invention relates to quinine-based and quinidine-based catalysts. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of preparing a derivatized quinine-based or quinidine-based catalyst comprising 1) reacting quinine or quinidine with base and a compound that has a suitable leaving group, and 2) converting the ring methoxy group to a hydroxy group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a chiral, non-racemic compound from a prochiral electron-deficient alkene or azo compound or prochiral aldehyde or prochiral ketone, comprising the step of: reacting a prochiral electron-deficient alkene or azo compound or prochiral aldehyde or prochiral ketone with a nucleophile in the presence of a catalyst; thereby producing a chiral, non-racemic compound; wherein said catalyst is a derivatized quinine or quinidine. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of kinetic resolution, comprising the step of: reacting racemic chiral alkene with a nucleophile in the presence of a derivatized quinine or quinidine.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一个方面涉及基于奎宁和奎尼丁的催化剂。 本发明的另一方面涉及一种制备衍生的基于奎宁或奎尼丁的催化剂的方法,其包括:1)将奎宁或奎尼丁与碱和具有合适离去基团的化合物反应,和2)将环甲氧基转化为 羟基。 本发明的另一方面涉及从前手电子缺乏烯烃或偶氮化合物或前手性醛或前手性酮制备手性非外消旋化合物的方法,其包括以下步骤:使前手电子缺乏烯烃或偶氮 化合物或前手性醛或前手性酮与亲核试剂在催化剂存在下反应; 从而产生手性,非外消旋化合物; 其中所述催化剂是衍生的奎宁或奎尼丁。 本发明的另一方面涉及一种动力学拆分方法,其包括以下步骤:在衍生的奎宁或奎尼丁存在下使外消旋手性烯与亲核试剂反应。

    Asymmetric aldol additions using bifunctional cinchona-alkaloid-based catalysts
    7.
    发明申请
    Asymmetric aldol additions using bifunctional cinchona-alkaloid-based catalysts 有权
    使用双功能胡萝卜素 - 生物碱类催化剂的不对称醛醇醛添加剂

    公开(公告)号:US20070112199A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-05-17

    申请号:US11442667

    申请日:2006-05-26

    申请人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    发明人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    IPC分类号: C07D453/04

    CPC分类号: C07D453/04

    摘要: One aspect of the present invention relates to asymmetric catalytic nitroaldol (Henry) reactions with ketones as the electrophilic component. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to asymmetric nitroaldol reactions with α-keto esters catalyzed by a new C6′-OH cinchona alkaloid catalyst. In certain embodiments, this reaction is operationally simple and affords high enantioselectivity as well as good to excellent yield for an exceptionally broad range of α-keto esters.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一个方面涉及与酮作为亲电子组分的不对称催化硝基醛(Henry)反应。 在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及用新的C6'-OH cinchona生物碱催化剂催化的α-酮酯的不对称硝基醛反应。 在某些实施方案中,该反应在操作上是简单的,并且对于特别宽范围的α-酮酯而言具有高的对映选择性以及良好至优异的产率。

    Asymmetric Friedel-Crafts Alkylations Catalyzed By Bifunctional Cinchona Alkaloids
    8.
    发明申请
    Asymmetric Friedel-Crafts Alkylations Catalyzed By Bifunctional Cinchona Alkaloids 有权
    不对称Friedel-Crafts烷基化由双功能Cinchona生物碱催化

    公开(公告)号:US20090203913A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-08-13

    申请号:US12095843

    申请日:2006-12-01

    申请人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    发明人: Li Deng Hongming Li

    IPC分类号: C07D453/02 C07C33/00

    CPC分类号: C07D209/18

    摘要: In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to methods for asymmetric Friedel-Crafts alkylation catalyzed by bifunctional cinchona alkaloids. In certain embodiments, the catalyst is a 6′-OH cinchona alkaloid. In certain embodiments, the electrophile is an α-ketoester or aldehyde. In certain embodiments, the nucleophile is an aromatic heterocycle. In certain embodiments, the nucleophile is an aromatic N-containing heterocycle. In certain embodiments, the nucleophile is an indole. In certain embodiments, the methods of the invention are relatively insensitive to concentration, temperature, air and moisture.

    摘要翻译: 在某些实施方案中,本发明涉及由双功能甜菜碱生物碱催化的不对称Friedel-Crafts烷基化方法。 在某些实施方案中,催化剂是6'-OH cinchona生物碱。 在某些实施方案中,亲电试剂是α-酮酯或醛。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是芳族杂环。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是芳香族含氮杂环。 在某些实施方案中,亲核试剂是吲哚。 在某些实施方案中,本发明的方法对浓度,温度,空气和水分相对不敏感。

    Integrated speech recognition and semantic classification
    9.
    发明授权
    Integrated speech recognition and semantic classification 有权
    综合语音识别和语义分类

    公开(公告)号:US07856351B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-12-21

    申请号:US11655703

    申请日:2007-01-19

    IPC分类号: G06F17/27

    CPC分类号: G10L15/1815

    摘要: A novel system integrates speech recognition and semantic classification, so that acoustic scores in a speech recognizer that accepts spoken utterances may be taken into account when training both language models and semantic classification models. For example, a joint association score may be defined that is indicative of a correspondence of a semantic class and a word sequence for an acoustic signal. The joint association score may incorporate parameters such as weighting parameters for signal-to-class modeling of the acoustic signal, language model parameters and scores, and acoustic model parameters and scores. The parameters may be revised to raise the joint association score of a target word sequence with a target semantic class relative to the joint association score of a competitor word sequence with the target semantic class. The parameters may be designed so that the semantic classification errors in the training data are minimized.

    摘要翻译: 一种新颖的系统集成了语音识别和语义分类,从而在训练语言模型和语义分类模型时,可以考虑接受讲话语音的语音识别器中的声学分数。 例如,可以定义联合关联分数,其表示声学信号的语义类别和单词序列的对应关系。 联合关联分数可以包括参数,例如声信号的信号到类建模的加权参数,语言模型参数和分数,以及声学模型参数和分数。 可以修改参数以相对于具有目标语义类的竞争者词序列的联合关联分数来提高具有目标语义类别的目标词序列的联合关联分数。 可以设计参数,使得训练数据中的语义分类误差最小化。

    Integrated speech recognition and semantic classification
    10.
    发明申请
    Integrated speech recognition and semantic classification 有权
    综合语音识别和语义分类

    公开(公告)号:US20080177547A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-07-24

    申请号:US11655703

    申请日:2007-01-19

    IPC分类号: G10L15/18

    CPC分类号: G10L15/1815

    摘要: A novel system integrates speech recognition and semantic classification, so that acoustic scores in a speech recognizer that accepts spoken utterances may be taken into account when training both language models and semantic classification models. For example, a joint association score may be defined that is indicative of a correspondence of a semantic class and a word sequence for an acoustic signal. The joint association score may incorporate parameters such as weighting parameters for signal-to-class modeling of the acoustic signal, language model parameters and scores, and acoustic model parameters and scores. The parameters may be revised to raise the joint association score of a target word sequence with a target semantic class relative to the joint association score of a competitor word sequence with the target semantic class. The parameters may be designed so that the semantic classification errors in the training data are minimized.

    摘要翻译: 一种新颖的系统集成了语音识别和语义分类,从而在训练语言模型和语义分类模型时,可以考虑接受讲话语音的语音识别器中的声学分数。 例如,可以定义联合关联分数,其表示声学信号的语义类别和单词序列的对应关系。 联合关联分数可以包括参数,例如声信号的信号到类建模的加权参数,语言模型参数和分数,以及声学模型参数和分数。 可以修改参数以相对于具有目标语义类的竞争者词序列的联合关联分数来提高具有目标语义类别的目标词序列的联合关联分数。 可以设计参数,使得训练数据中的语义分类误差最小化。