公开(公告)号：US3885007A

公开(公告)日：1975-05-20

申请号：US85583869

申请日：1969-09-08

Applicant: MC DONNELL DOUGLAS CORP

Inventor： OLSEN LARRY C ,  SCOTT HOWARD W

IPC: C04B35/536 ,  C01B31/00

CPC classification number: C04B35/536

Abstract: Improved uniformly expanded pyrolytic graphite, useful particularly as insulation material, e.g. heat insulator or heat shield, by a process comprising treating pyrolytic graphite with an intercalating agent, preferably a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids, to cause the pyrolytic graphite to expand in a controlled manner only in the direction normal to the deposition surface (the c-direction) and continuing such treatment for a period sufficient to substantially completely delaminate the expanded pyrolytic graphite, and heating such delaminated expanded pyrolytic graphite under conditions constraining movement in the direction parallel to the deposition surface (the a-b direction) and permitting movement in the c-direction, to cause the delaminated expanded pyrolytic graphite to expand further to a controlled extent in the c-direction, forming an integral bonded expanded pyrolytic graphite expanded, e.g. from about 1 to about 10 times or more its original dimension in the c-direction.

Abstract translation: 改进的均匀膨胀的热解石墨，特别用作绝缘材料，例如， 绝热体或隔热层，通过包括用插层剂，优选硝酸和硫酸的混合物处理热解石墨，使热解石墨以受控的方式仅在垂直于沉积表面的方向（c 并且继续这种处理足以基本上完​​全分层膨胀的热解石墨的时间，以及在与沉积表面平行的方向（ab方向）上约束运动的条件下加热这种分层的膨胀热解石墨并允许c中的移动 导致分层扩张的热解石墨在c方向上进一步扩大到可控程度，形成膨胀的整体结合的膨胀热解石墨，例如 在c方向上的原始尺寸为约1至约10倍或更多。

公开(公告)号：US3706893A

公开(公告)日：1972-12-19

申请号：US3706893D

申请日：1969-09-19

Applicant: MC DONNELL DOUGLAS CORP

Inventor： OLSEN LARRY C ,  SEEMAN STEPHEN E ,  GRIFFIA BOBBY I ,  AMBROSE CHARLES J

IPC: G21H1/06 ,  G21D7/00

CPC classification number: G21H1/06

Abstract: Nuclear battery including one or more cells each comprising a radioactive fuel element or source and a semiconductor element positioned contiguously to the source and irradiated by it. The fuel element includes a radioactive material which is preferably promethium-147 metal or its oxide, promethia, and the semiconductor element includes a N /P or N /P/P semiconductor wafer which is preferably silicon. The semiconductor wafer has an energy threshold of radiation damage which is compatible with the maximum energy of the nuclear particles or radiation emitted by the radioactive material, to provide a long-life (minimal radiation damage) cell of optimum power output. Other versions include a nuclear battery utilizing a bi-directional fuel element, and certain compact and useful embodiments utilizing a multiple section cell therein.

Abstract translation: 核电池包括一个或多个单元，每个单元包括放射性燃料元件或源，以及半导体元件，其与源极连接并被其照射。 燃料元件包括优选为ium-147金属或其氧化物，promethia的放射性材料，并且半导体元件包括N + / P或N + / P / P +半导体晶片，其优选为硅 。