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公开(公告)号：US11158430B2
公开(公告)日：2021-10-26
申请号：US16305448
申请日：2017-05-30
发明人： Randell L. Mills
摘要： A molten metal fuel to plasma to electricity power source and an element of a communication network that provides at least one of electrical and thermal power and a portal for transmission of information comprising (i) at least one reaction cell for the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to form hydrinos, (ii) a chemical fuel mixture comprising at least two components chosen from: a source of H2O catalyst or H2O catalyst; a source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen; reactants to form the source of H2O catalyst or H2O catalyst and a source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen; and a molten metal to cause the fuel to be highly conductive, (iii) a fuel injection system comprising an electromagnetic pump, (iv) at least one set of electrodes that confine the fuel and an electrical power source that provides repetitive short bursts of low-voltage, high-current electrical energy to initiate rapid kinetics of the hydrino reaction and an energy gain due to forming hydrinos to form a brilliant-light emitting plasma, (v) a product recovery system such as at least one of an electrode electromagnetic pump recovery system and a gravity recovery system, (vi) a source of H2O vapor supplied to the plasma (vii) a power converter capable of converting the high-power light output of the cell into electricity such as a concentrated solar power thermophotovoltaic device and a visible and infrared transparent window or a plurality of ultraviolet (UV) photovoltaic cells or a plurality of photoelectric cells, and a UV window, and (viii) a device capable of remote communication and capable of transmission of information wherein the device may be further capable of comprising a communication element of a plurality of communication elements of a plurality of power systems that are organized and controlled to form a communication network.
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公开(公告)号：US20210313606A1
公开(公告)日：2021-10-07
申请号：US17332403
申请日：2021-05-27
发明人： Randell L. MILLS
IPC分类号： H01M8/06 , G21D7/00 , H01M8/18 , H01M8/22 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/0656 , G21B3/00 , H01M4/86 , H01M4/94 , C25B1/04 , H01M14/00
摘要： An electrochemical power system is provided that generates an electromotive force (EMF) from the catalytic reaction of hydrogen to lower energy (hydrino) states providing direct conversion of the energy released from the hydrino reaction into electricity, the system comprising at least two components chosen from: H2O catalyst or a source of H2O catalyst; atomic hydrogen or a source of atomic hydrogen; reactants to form the H2O catalyst or source of H2O catalyst and atomic hydrogen or source of atomic hydrogen; and one or more reactants to initiate the catalysis of atomic hydrogen. The electrochemical power system for forming hydrinos and electricity can further comprise a cathode compartment comprising a cathode, an anode compartment comprising an anode, optionally a salt bridge, reactants that constitute hydrino reactants during cell operation with separate electron flow and ion mass transport, and a source of hydrogen. Due to oxidation-reduction cell half reactions, the hydrino-producing reaction mixture is constituted with the migration of electrons through an external circuit and ion mass transport through a separate path such as the electrolyte to complete an electrical circuit. A power source and hydride reactor is further provided that powers a power system comprising (i) a reaction cell for the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to form hydrinos, (ii) a chemical fuel mixture comprising at least two components chosen from: a source of H2O catalyst or H2O catalyst; a source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen; reactants to form the source of H2O catalyst or H2O catalyst and a source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen; one or more reactants to initiate the catalysis of atomic hydrogen; and a support to enable the catalysis, (iii) thermal systems for reversing an exchange reaction to thermally regenerate the fuel from the reaction products, (iv) a heat sink that accepts the heat from the power-producing reactions, and (v) a power conversion system.
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公开(公告)号：US10181376B2
公开(公告)日：2019-01-15
申请号：US14718334
申请日：2015-05-21
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach
摘要： An Electron-coupled transformer for generating a high voltage output pulse as an amplified version of an input pulse includes a cylindrical triode electron tube with a central anode along main axis and a grid and cathode radially spaced from the anode. The anode has a first end directly grounded and a second end insulated from a direction connection to ground. The cathode and the grid form a traveling wave electron gun that produces, when the grid is grounded through a phase matching network, a radially symmetrical collapsing traveling wave of ground potential in the Transverse Electromagnetic mode. The foregoing wave of ground potential causes a beam of electrons to flow from the cathode to the anode and causes a voltage output pulse to be produced on the second end of the anode, whose magnitude is an amplified version of the input pulse that is injected into the cathode.
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公开(公告)号：US09728288B2
公开(公告)日：2017-08-08
申请号：US12804950
申请日：2010-08-02
申请人： Roderick A. Hyde , Muriel Y. Ishikawa , Clarence T. Tegreene , Joshua C. Walter , Lowell L. Wood, Jr. , Victoria Y. H. Wood
发明人： Roderick A. Hyde , Muriel Y. Ishikawa , Clarence T. Tegreene , Joshua C. Walter , Lowell L. Wood, Jr. , Victoria Y. H. Wood
CPC分类号： G21D3/001 , F01K3/00 , F01K13/02 , F02C1/05 , F05D2240/40 , G21D9/00 , Y02E30/40 , Y02T50/671
摘要： A method, system, and apparatus for the thermal storage of energy generated by multiple nuclear reactor systems including diverting a first selected portion of energy from a portion of a first nuclear reactor system of a plurality of nuclear reactor systems to at least one auxiliary thermal reservoir, diverting at least one additional selected portion of energy from a portion of at least one additional nuclear reactor system of the plurality of nuclear reactor systems to the at least one auxiliary thermal reservoir, and supplying at least a portion of thermal energy from the auxiliary thermal reservoir to an energy conversion system of a nuclear reactor of the plurality of nuclear reactors.
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公开(公告)号：US09386676B2
公开(公告)日：2016-07-05
申请号：US13915521
申请日：2013-06-11
发明人： Norman Rostoker , Michl Binderbauer
CPC分类号： G21B1/052 , G21B1/05 , G21D7/00 , H05H1/03 , H05H1/10 , H05H1/12 , H05H1/14 , H05H1/16 , Y02E30/122 , Y02E30/126
摘要： An apparatus and method for containing plasma and forming a Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) magnetic topology are described in which plasma ions are contained magnetically in stable, non-adiabatic orbits in the FRC. Further, the electrons are contained electrostatically in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. The simultaneous electrostatic confinement of electrons and magnetic confinement of ions avoids anomalous transport and facilitates classical containment of both electrons and ions. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions ions are fused together by nuclear force, thus releasing fusion energy. Moreover, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement system and method are not limited to neutronic fuels only, but also advantageously include advanced fuels.
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09370086B2
公开(公告)日：2016-06-14
申请号：US12610884
申请日：2009-11-02
CPC分类号： G21B1/052 , G21B1/05 , G21D7/00 , H05H1/03 , H05H1/10 , H05H1/12 , H05H1/14 , H05H1/16 , Y02E30/122 , Y02E30/126
摘要： A system and method for containing plasma and forming a Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) magnetic topology are described in which plasma ions are contained magnetically in stable, non-adiabatic orbits in the FRC. Further, the electrons are contained electrostatically in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. The simultaneous electrostatic confinement of electrons and magnetic confinement of ions avoids anomalous transport and facilitates classical containment of both electrons and ions. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions they are fused together by nuclear force, thus releasing fusion energy. Moreover, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement system and method are not limited to neutronic fuels only, but also advantageously include advanced fuels.
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公开(公告)号：US08094771B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-10
申请号：US10720035
申请日：2003-11-21
申请人： Francis Yu-Hei Tsang , Tristan Dieter Juergens , Yale Deon Harker , Kwan Sze Kwok , Nathan Newman , Scott Arden Ploger
发明人： Francis Yu-Hei Tsang , Tristan Dieter Juergens , Yale Deon Harker , Kwan Sze Kwok , Nathan Newman , Scott Arden Ploger
IPC分类号： G21D7/00
CPC分类号： G21H1/04
摘要： The invention describes a product and a method for generating electrical power directly from nuclear power. More particularly, the invention describes the use of a liquid semiconductor as a means for efficiently converting nuclear energy, either nuclear fission and/or radiation energy, directly into electrical energy. Direct conversion of nuclear energy to electrical energy is achieved by placing nuclear material in close proximity to a liquid semiconductor. Nuclear energy emitted from the nuclear material, in the form of fission fragments or radiation, enters the liquid semiconductor and creates electron-hole pairs. By using an appropriate electrical circuit an electrical load is applied and electrical energy generated as a result of the creation of the electron-hole pairs.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了从核电直接产生电力的产品和方法。 更具体地说，本发明描述了使用液体半导体作为有效地将核能裂变和/或辐射能量直接转换成电能的手段。 通过将核材料置于液体半导体附近来实现核能直接转换为电能。 以核裂变碎片或辐射的形式从核材料发射的核能进入液体半导体并形成电子 - 空穴对。 通过使用适当的电路，施加电负载并且由于电子 - 空穴对的产生而产生电能。
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8.发明申请Direct generation of electrical and electromagnetic energy from materials containing deuterium 审中-公开从包含氘的材料直接产生电能和电磁能公开(公告)号：US20070286324A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-13
申请号：US11783691
申请日：2007-04-11
申请人： Peter Hagelstein
发明人： Peter Hagelstein
IPC分类号： G21D7/00
摘要： A method and apparatus employ stimulating a material to cause reactions in the material, wherein the material comprises deuterium, and wherein the reactions generate vibrational motion of the material, coupling the vibrational motion to a transducer that generates energy from the vibrational motion of the material, and directing the energy to an electrical device.
摘要翻译： 一种采用刺激材料以引起材料反应的方法和装置，其中所述材料包括氘，并且其中所述反应产生所述材料的振动运动，将所述振动运动耦合到由所述材料的振动运动产生能量的换能器， 并将能量引导到电气设备。
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公开(公告)号：US5642014A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-24
申请号：US534356
申请日：1995-09-27
申请人： Steven J. Hillenius
发明人： Steven J. Hillenius
IPC分类号： G21H1/06 , H01L21/822 , H01L27/04 , B01J19/00 , G21D7/00
CPC分类号： G21H1/06
摘要： The invention provides a self-powered device having at least one substrate, at least one radioactive power source formed over the substrate, and integrated circuits formed over the substrate. The radioactive power source includes a first active layer of a first conductivity type, a second active layer of a second conductivity type. The first and second active layers form a depletion layer. A tritium containing layer is provided which supplies beta particles that penetrates the depletion layer generating electron-hole pairs. The electron-hole pairs are swept by the electric field in the depletion layer producing an electric current.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种自供电装置，其具有至少一个基板，在基板上形成的至少一个放射源，以及形成在基板上的集成电路。 放射性电源包括第一导电类型的第一有源层和第二导电类型的第二有源层。 第一和第二活性层形成耗尽层。 提供含氚层，其提供穿透耗尽层的β粒子，产生电子 - 空穴对。 电子 - 空穴对被消耗层中的电场扫过，产生电流。
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公开(公告)号：US4663115A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-05
申请号：US426824
申请日：1982-09-29
申请人： Virginia Russell
发明人： Virginia Russell
CPC分类号： G21H1/00 , G21Y2004/60
摘要： An apparatus for protecting personnel and the environment from harmful emissions of radiation from a source thereof includes a plurality of shielding parts so located as to be in the path of the radioactive emissions and to absorb them (one such part being located farther away from the source of emissions than the other) so that an electrical potential difference between the shielding parts is established, due to different absorptions of radiation by them, means for consuming electrical power at a location remote from the radioactive source, and electrical conductors communicating the consuming means (or load) with such shielding parts. Although the invention is primarily intended for protecting personnel and the environment against emissions from radiation sources, such as radioactive wastes, it is also useful for shielding other sources of harmful radiated emissions. Also within the invention are processes for protecting personnel and the environment against radiation hazards.
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