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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4293392A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-06
申请号：US112879
申请日：1980-01-17
CPC分类号： C25B3/10
摘要： The invention is a process for alkylating nitriles using an electrogenerated base and an alkylating agent comprising (a) electro-reducing an azobenzene probase at a cathode in an electrolysis medium comprising the azobenzene probase, a nitrile and a supporting electrolyte to produce an electrogenerated base, (b) deprotonating the nitrile with the electrogenerated base to produce a nitrile anion, and (c) reacting the nitrile anion with alkylating agent to form alkylated nitrile; the probase being more easily electro-reducible than the nitrile and producing an electrogenerated base strong enough to deprotonate the nitrile which is sufficiently acidic to permit such deprotonation, and the electrogenerated base not reacting readily, unless rapidly reversibly, with the alkylating agent.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种使用电生成碱和烷基化剂烷基化腈的方法，其包括（a）在包含偶氮苯试剂，腈和支持电解质的电解介质的阴极处电还原偶氮苯试剂，以制备电生碱， （b）用电生成碱对腈进行去质子化以产生腈阴离子，和（c）使腈阴离子与烷基化剂反应形成烷基化腈; 该假酶比腈更容易地电还原，并产生足够强的足够使得足够酸性以使得这种去质子化的腈脱质子的电生碱，除非快速可逆地与电解生成碱基不会迅速反应。
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2.发明授权Addition of organic electrophiles to carbon acids via catalysis by electrogenerated bases 失效通过电热碱催化将有机亲电体添加到碳酸中
公开(公告)号：US4132611A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-02
申请号：US794775
申请日：1977-05-09
摘要： Organic electrophiles are added to carbon acids via catalysis by electrogenerated bases to yield carbon acid-organic electrophile addition products.
摘要翻译： 有机亲电体经电催化碱催化加入到碳酸中，产生碳酸 - 有机亲电试剂加成产物。
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公开(公告)号：US4293393A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-06
申请号：US113157
申请日：1980-01-18
CPC分类号： C25B3/10
摘要： The invention is a process for using certain electrogenerated bases in reactions such as acetoacetic ester condensations wherein an azobenzene probase is electro-reduced to produce an electrogenerated base, acetic ester is deprotonated by electrogenerated base to produce an anion, and the anion is condensed with acetic ester to produce acetoacetic ester condensation product; the probase being more easily electro-reducible than the acetic ester and producing an electrogenerated base strong enough to deprotonate the acetic ester which is sufficiently acidic to permit such deprotonation. The probase can be regenerated, either directly or indirectly, by anodic oxidation to probase making the reaction catalytic.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种在诸如乙酰乙酸酯缩合反应中使用某些电生成碱的方法，其中偶氮苯试剂被电还原以产生电生成碱，乙酸酯由电热碱脱质子以产生阴离子，阴离子与乙酸缩合 酯产生乙酰乙酸酯缩合产物; 该试剂比乙酸酯更容易地电还原，并产生足够强的电生碱，使足够酸性的乙酸酯脱质子以允许这种去质子化。 可以通过阳极氧化直接或间接地再生该试剂，以使反应催化。
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公开(公告)号：US4248678A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-03
申请号：US84940
申请日：1979-10-15
IPC分类号： C25B3/00
CPC分类号： C25B3/00
摘要： The invention is a process for alkylating nitrogen acids using an electrogenerated base as a catalyst comprising (a) electro-reducing a probase at the cathode by electrolysis in an aprotic liquid electrolysis medium comprising a probase, an anhydrous aprotic solvent, and supporting electrolyte to produce an electrogenerated base, (b) deprotonating a nitrogen acid with the electrogenerated base to produce a nitrogen acid anion, and (c) reacting the nitrogen acid anion with an alkylating agent to produce an alkylated nitrogen acid; with the aforesaid probase being more easily electro-reducible than the nitrogen acid and producing an electrogenerated base strong enough to deprotonate the nitrogen acid which is sufficiently acidic to permit such deprotonation, and the electrogenerated base not reacting readily, unless rapidly reversibly, with the alkylating agent.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种使用电生碱作为催化剂烷基化氮酸的方法，其包括（a）在非质子液体电解介质中通过电解在阴极电解还原试剂，所述非质子液体电解介质包含假单胞菌素，无水非质子溶剂和支持电解质，以产生 电生碱，（b）用电生成碱脱氮质酸以产生氮酸阴离子，和（c）使氮酸阴离子与烷基化剂反应生成烷基化的氮酸; 上述试剂比氮酸更容易电还原，并产生足够强的电生碱，使足够酸性的氮酸去质子化以允许这种去质子化，并且除了快速可逆地，电生碱不能迅速反应，与烷基化 代理商
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4101392A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-18
申请号：US753652
申请日：1976-12-22
IPC分类号： C25B3/10
CPC分类号： C25B3/10
摘要： Cresol salts substituted with non-interfering, blocking substituents at least at the 2,4,6-positions relative to the phenolic oxyanion where at least one of the substituents is the cresolic methyl are electrolytically oxidized to yield methyl-methyl coupled dehydrodimeric cresols.
摘要翻译： 至少在相对于酚氧基负离子的2,4,6-位上用非干扰的阻断取代基取代的甲酚盐，其中至少一个取代基是甲酚甲基被电解氧化，得到甲基 - 甲基偶联的脱氢嵌段甲酚。
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公开(公告)号：US4072583A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-07
申请号：US730553
申请日：1976-10-07
IPC分类号： C07D265/30 , C25B3/00 , C25B3/10
CPC分类号： C07D265/30 , C25B3/00 , Y02P20/582
摘要： Electrolytic carboxylation of carbon acids via electrogenerated bases leads to carboxylated carbon acids.
摘要翻译： 通过电生碱对碳酸进行电解羧化导致羧化碳酸。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4526990A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-02
申请号：US503979
申请日：1983-06-13
IPC分类号： C07D315/00 , C07D307/32 , C07C67/05
CPC分类号： C07D315/00
摘要： In the process of preparing acetoxyhexenoic acids from butadiene, acetic acid and acetic anhydride, selectivity is improved by converting the acetoxyhexenoic acids to .gamma.-vinyl-.gamma.-butyrolactone before isolation. Copper and platinum are useful catalysts in the conversion.
摘要翻译： 在从丁二烯，乙酸和乙酸酐制备乙酰氧基己烯酸的过程中，通过在分离前将乙酰氧基己酸转化为γ-乙烯基γ-丁内酯，提高了选择性。 铜和铂是转化中有用的催化剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4380650A
公开(公告)日：1983-04-19
申请号：US222199
申请日：1981-01-02
IPC分类号： C07D307/33 , C07C51/09 , C07D315/00 , C07D307/32
CPC分类号： C07D315/00 , C07C51/09
摘要： Acyloxyhexenoic acids are converted to .gamma.-vinyl-.gamma.-butyrolactone.
摘要翻译： 将酰氧基己烯酸转化为γ-乙烯基γ-丁内酯。
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公开(公告)号：US5409582A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US10729
申请日：1993-01-29
CPC分类号： C25C1/20 , C02F1/4678 , C02F1/42 , C02F1/46176 , C02F2101/20 , C02F2103/12 , C02F2201/46135 , C02F2209/04 , C02F2301/08
摘要： Apparatus and methods for removing silver and copper ions from purge streams from silver replacement processes by separately electrowinning silver and copper where silver removal is first effected in an electrowinning cell having a cathode/calomel reference electrode potential between -0.1 and -0.4 volts DC followed by copper removal effected in an electrowinning cell having a cathode/calomel reference electrode potential less than -0.5 volts DC. By this method formation of copper (+1) is prevented in the presence of high concentrations of silver, thus minimizing precipitation of silver metal and formation of copper (+2).
摘要翻译： 通过单独电解银和铜去除银和铜离子从清除流中除去银和铜的装置和方法，其中首先在具有-0.1和-0.4伏DC之间的阴极/甘汞参比电极电位的电解沉积池中进行银除去，之后是 在具有小于-0.5伏DC的阴极/甘汞参比电极电位的电解沉积池中实现铜去除。 通过这种方法，在存在高浓度银的情况下防止形成铜（+1），从而使银金属的沉淀和铜（+2）的形成最小化。
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公开(公告)号：US4672140A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-09
申请号：US323342
申请日：1981-11-23
IPC分类号： A23L3/3508 , C07C59/42 , C07C69/732 , C25B3/02 , C07C69/007
CPC分类号： C07C69/732 , A23L3/3508 , C07C59/42 , C25B3/02 , Y02P20/582
摘要： This disclosure concerns acyloxyhexenoic acids and their salts with the acids being produced by reaction of butadiene and acetic acid with metal salt oxidants in a process involving electrolytic regeneration of the metal oxidants during the reaction. Iosmeric acetoxyhexenoic acids produced can be readily converted to sorbic acid, and antimicrobial and preservative uses for the acids are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 本公开内容涉及酰氧基己烯酸及其与酸反应的盐，其通过在反应期间电解再生金属氧化剂的过程中由丁二烯和乙酸与金属盐氧化剂反应制备。 所产生的酸性乙酰氧基己烯酸可以容易地转化成山梨酸，还公开了酸的抗微生物和防腐剂用途。
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