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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4293392A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-06
申请号：US112879
申请日：1980-01-17
CPC分类号： C25B3/10
摘要： The invention is a process for alkylating nitriles using an electrogenerated base and an alkylating agent comprising (a) electro-reducing an azobenzene probase at a cathode in an electrolysis medium comprising the azobenzene probase, a nitrile and a supporting electrolyte to produce an electrogenerated base, (b) deprotonating the nitrile with the electrogenerated base to produce a nitrile anion, and (c) reacting the nitrile anion with alkylating agent to form alkylated nitrile; the probase being more easily electro-reducible than the nitrile and producing an electrogenerated base strong enough to deprotonate the nitrile which is sufficiently acidic to permit such deprotonation, and the electrogenerated base not reacting readily, unless rapidly reversibly, with the alkylating agent.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种使用电生成碱和烷基化剂烷基化腈的方法，其包括（a）在包含偶氮苯试剂，腈和支持电解质的电解介质的阴极处电还原偶氮苯试剂，以制备电生碱， （b）用电生成碱对腈进行去质子化以产生腈阴离子，和（c）使腈阴离子与烷基化剂反应形成烷基化腈; 该假酶比腈更容易地电还原，并产生足够强的足够使得足够酸性以使得这种去质子化的腈脱质子的电生碱，除非快速可逆地与电解生成碱基不会迅速反应。
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2.发明授权Addition of organic electrophiles to carbon acids via catalysis by electrogenerated bases 失效通过电热碱催化将有机亲电体添加到碳酸中
公开(公告)号：US4132611A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-02
申请号：US794775
申请日：1977-05-09
摘要： Organic electrophiles are added to carbon acids via catalysis by electrogenerated bases to yield carbon acid-organic electrophile addition products.
摘要翻译： 有机亲电体经电催化碱催化加入到碳酸中，产生碳酸 - 有机亲电试剂加成产物。
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公开(公告)号：US4293393A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-06
申请号：US113157
申请日：1980-01-18
CPC分类号： C25B3/10
摘要： The invention is a process for using certain electrogenerated bases in reactions such as acetoacetic ester condensations wherein an azobenzene probase is electro-reduced to produce an electrogenerated base, acetic ester is deprotonated by electrogenerated base to produce an anion, and the anion is condensed with acetic ester to produce acetoacetic ester condensation product; the probase being more easily electro-reducible than the acetic ester and producing an electrogenerated base strong enough to deprotonate the acetic ester which is sufficiently acidic to permit such deprotonation. The probase can be regenerated, either directly or indirectly, by anodic oxidation to probase making the reaction catalytic.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种在诸如乙酰乙酸酯缩合反应中使用某些电生成碱的方法，其中偶氮苯试剂被电还原以产生电生成碱，乙酸酯由电热碱脱质子以产生阴离子，阴离子与乙酸缩合 酯产生乙酰乙酸酯缩合产物; 该试剂比乙酸酯更容易地电还原，并产生足够强的电生碱，使足够酸性的乙酸酯脱质子以允许这种去质子化。 可以通过阳极氧化直接或间接地再生该试剂，以使反应催化。
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公开(公告)号：US4248678A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-03
申请号：US84940
申请日：1979-10-15
IPC分类号： C25B3/00
CPC分类号： C25B3/00
摘要： The invention is a process for alkylating nitrogen acids using an electrogenerated base as a catalyst comprising (a) electro-reducing a probase at the cathode by electrolysis in an aprotic liquid electrolysis medium comprising a probase, an anhydrous aprotic solvent, and supporting electrolyte to produce an electrogenerated base, (b) deprotonating a nitrogen acid with the electrogenerated base to produce a nitrogen acid anion, and (c) reacting the nitrogen acid anion with an alkylating agent to produce an alkylated nitrogen acid; with the aforesaid probase being more easily electro-reducible than the nitrogen acid and producing an electrogenerated base strong enough to deprotonate the nitrogen acid which is sufficiently acidic to permit such deprotonation, and the electrogenerated base not reacting readily, unless rapidly reversibly, with the alkylating agent.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种使用电生碱作为催化剂烷基化氮酸的方法，其包括（a）在非质子液体电解介质中通过电解在阴极电解还原试剂，所述非质子液体电解介质包含假单胞菌素，无水非质子溶剂和支持电解质，以产生 电生碱，（b）用电生成碱脱氮质酸以产生氮酸阴离子，和（c）使氮酸阴离子与烷基化剂反应生成烷基化的氮酸; 上述试剂比氮酸更容易电还原，并产生足够强的电生碱，使足够酸性的氮酸去质子化以允许这种去质子化，并且除了快速可逆地，电生碱不能迅速反应，与烷基化 代理商
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公开(公告)号：US4351951A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-28
申请号：US184868
申请日：1980-09-08
IPC分类号： C07C59/153 , C07C67/36 , C07C69/708
CPC分类号： C07C67/36 , C07C59/153 , C07C69/708
摘要： The invention relates to the process for making glyoxylate hemiacetals comprising reacting an alcohol of the formula ROH where R is alkyl, or reacting a formate ester of the formula ##STR1## where R is alkyl, with CO under pressure in the presence of a basic initiator of the formula M.sup.+ (OR).sup.- where M is an alkali metal and R is alkyl, and in the presence of a complexing agent for M.sup.+ having O and/or N donor atoms capable of solvating M.sup.+ or in the presence of a basic initiator of the formula NR".sub.4.sup.+ (OR).sup.- where each R" is the same or a different alkyl or aralkyl and R is alkyl.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及制备乙醛酸半缩醛的方法，其包括使式ROH的醇，其中R是烷基，或在压力下，在碱性引发剂存在下，使式（IMA）的甲酸酯与其中R是烷基的反应与CO反应 式（M +）（OR） - 其中M是碱金属，R是烷基，并且在具有能够溶解M +的O和/或N供体原子的M +的络合剂存在下，或者在碱的引发剂 式NR''4 +（OR） - 其中每个R“相同或不同的烷基或芳烷基，R是烷基。
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公开(公告)号：US4404069A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-13
申请号：US358771
申请日：1982-03-17
IPC分类号： C07C209/68 , C25B3/04 , C07C85/20
CPC分类号： C25B3/04 , C07C209/68
摘要： Various substituted ortho-alkyl anilines are prepared by electrolytic desulfurization of various benzyl sulfides, sulfoxides and sulfones, e.g. 2-methyl-6-trifluoromethylaniline is prepared from 2-amino-3-trifluoromethylbenzyl sulfides, sulfoxides and sulfones. The processes are conducted in concentrated aqueous quaternary ammonium hydroxide, as well as in aprotic media. The substituted anilines obtained are useful as intermediates for herbicide compounds.
摘要翻译： 各种取代的邻烷基苯胺通过各种苄基硫化物，亚砜和砜的电解脱硫制备。 2-甲基-6-三氟甲基苯胺由2-氨基-3-三氟甲基苄基硫化物，亚砜和砜制备。 该方法在浓缩的氢氧化季铵水溶液以及非质子介质中进行。 获得的取代的苯胺可用作除草剂化合物的中间体。
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公开(公告)号：US4493755A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-15
申请号：US530135
申请日：1983-09-07
申请人： Richard D. Goodin , John P. Chupp
发明人： Richard D. Goodin , John P. Chupp
CPC分类号： C25B3/04
摘要： orthoAlkyl-orthotrifluoromethyl-2-chloroacetanilides and related compounds are prepared by electrolytic reduction with sulfide cleavage of benzylsulfonium salts with requisite chloroacetylamino and trifluoromethyl substituents on the benzyl group. The compounds are useful as intermediates for conversion to herbicidal compounds.
摘要翻译： 邻烷基 - 邻三氟甲基-2-氯乙酰苯胺和相关化合物通过电解还原，通过苄基锍盐的硫化裂解与苄基上所需的氯乙酰氨基和三氟甲基取代基进行制备。 该化合物可用作转化为除草化合物的中间体。
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公开(公告)号：US4258196A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-24
申请号：US63005
申请日：1979-08-02
申请人： John P. Chupp , Richard D. Goodin
发明人： John P. Chupp , Richard D. Goodin
IPC分类号： C07D209/48 , C07D209/52 , C07D213/75 , C07D215/42 , C07D241/08 , C07D277/68 , C07D277/82 , C07D307/14 , C07D307/52 , C07D307/66 , C25B3/04 , C07C102/00 , C07D277/62
CPC分类号： C07D209/48 , C07D209/52 , C07D213/75 , C07D215/42 , C07D241/08 , C07D277/68 , C07D277/82 , C07D307/14 , C07D307/52 , C07D307/66 , C25B3/04 , Y02P20/582
摘要： The disclosure herein relates to a novel process for producing tertiary 2-haloacetamides by reacting primary or secondary 2-haloacetamides with an agent capable of generating an anion of the primary or secondary 2-haloacetamide under base conditions and alkylating the anion of the 2-haloamide with an alkylating agent; said anion is generated, for example, by electrolysis or by metals, metal hydrides, fluorides, oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, phosphates, or alkoxides.
摘要翻译： 本文的公开内容涉及通过使伯或仲2-卤代乙酰胺与能够在碱性条件下产生一级或二级2-卤代乙酰胺阴离子的试剂反应生成叔2-卤代乙酰胺的新方法，并将2-卤代酰胺的阴离子烷基化 与烷基化剂; 所述阴离子例如通过电解或金属，金属氢化物，氟化物，氧化物，氢氧化物，碳酸盐，磷酸盐或醇盐产生。
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