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    Method of manufacturing a low emissivity liquid nitrogen dewar
    2.
    发明授权
    Method of manufacturing a low emissivity liquid nitrogen dewar 失效
    制造低发射率液氮杜瓦瓶的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5063651A

    公开(公告)日：1991-11-12

    申请号：US370084

    申请日：1989-06-21

    申请人： George D. Kneip, Jr. ,  George Chmyz ,  Marvin H. Anderson

    发明人： George D. Kneip, Jr. ,  George Chmyz ,  Marvin H. Anderson

    IPC分类号： C23G1/12 ,  F17C3/08

    CPC分类号： F17C3/08 ,  C23G1/125 ,  F17C2201/0109 ,  F17C2201/032 ,  F17C2203/032 ,  F17C2203/0366 ,  F17C2203/0391 ,  F17C2203/0631 ,  F17C2203/0646 ,  F17C2221/014 ,  F17C2223/0161 ,  F17C2223/033 ,  F17C2250/034 ,  F17C2260/033 ,  F17C2270/0509 ,  F17C2270/0527 ,  Y10S220/901 ,  Y10T29/49879 ,  Y10T29/49885

    摘要： A liquid nitrogen Dewar includes a spun can for the liquid nitrogen, which spun can is surrounded by an exterior shell. Between the exterior shell and the can is an evacuated space containing a second shell that functions as a radiation shield. The can and both shells are formed of an aluminum alloy having a very high percentage of aluminum. The exterior can surface, interior surface of the exterior shell, and both surfaces of the second shell have clean, non-pitted, smooth, matted, smut free and etched appearances free from discoloration and stains so that these surfaces have low radiation emissivity properties and there is a minimum amount of radiant energy transmitted from the exterior shell to the can and reduced heating of the liquid nitrogen in the can. Each of the surfaces is initially polished, either mechanically, electrochemically or chemically, and then chemically treated with an etchant of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid for a sufficient duration to achieve the desired appearance.

    摘要翻译： 液氮杜瓦包括用于液氮的旋转罐，纺丝罐被外壳包围。 在外壳和罐之间是包含用作辐射屏蔽的第二壳的抽空空间。 罐和两壳由具有非常高百分比的铝的铝合金形成。 外壳的表面，外壳的内表面和第二壳的两个表面都具有清洁，无凹痕，光滑，无光泽，无污染和蚀刻的外观，没有变色和污渍，使得这些表面具有低的辐射辐射率特性， 存在从外壳向罐传递的辐射能量的最小量，并减少罐中的液氮的加热。 每个表面最初被机械地，电化学地或化学地抛光，然后用硝酸和氢氟酸的蚀刻剂进行化学处理足够的持续时间以达到期望的外观。

    Cryostat with external refrigerator for super-conducting NMR spectrometer
    4.
    发明授权
    Cryostat with external refrigerator for super-conducting NMR spectrometer 失效
    低温恒温器与外部冰箱用于超导NMR分析仪

    公开(公告)号：US4291541A

    公开(公告)日：1981-09-29

    申请号：US164451

    申请日：1980-06-30

    申请人： George D. Kneip, Jr. ,  Marvin H. Anderson

    发明人： George D. Kneip, Jr. ,  Marvin H. Anderson

    IPC分类号： F17C3/08 ,  F25D3/10 ,  F25D19/00 ,  G01R33/3815 ,  F17C1/00

    CPC分类号： F25D3/10 ,  F17C3/085 ,  G01R33/3815 ,  F17C2203/016 ,  F17C2203/0687 ,  F17C2221/014 ,  F17C2221/017 ,  F17C2270/0509 ,  F25D19/006 ,  Y10S220/901 ,  Y10S505/893

    摘要： An improved cryostat for the superconducting magnet of an NMR spectrometer comprises a nested structure of isothermal shells surrounding a thermally conductive central reservoir of substantially spherical shape containing liquid helium in which the superconducting solenoid remains operational when only partially immersed. A radiation shield surrounding the central reservoir is cooled by the boil-off of escaping helium vapor. The radiation shield is enclosed within a isothermal shell maintained at the temperature of liquid nitrogen by thermal contact with a liquid nitrogen reservoir disposed above the region of the central reservoir and shielded therefrom by a wall of the isothermal shell. An outer radiation shield surrounds the liquid nitrogen reservoir and associated isothermal shell and the outer radiation shield is maintained at a temperatures of the order of 180.degree. K. by an external refrigeration facility. A hermitically sealed containment vessel forms the outer wall of the cryostat and provides a port for evacuating to a very low common pressure all the interior spaces between adjacent nested structures. The spacing between adjacent nested surfaces is maintained by a novel internal mechanical bracing system of low thermal conductivity comprising polyester cords disposed under tension between adjacent shells.

    摘要翻译： 用于NMR光谱仪的超导磁体的改进的低温恒温器包括围绕包含液氦的基本上为球形的导热中心储存器的等温壳体的嵌套结构，其中超导螺线管在仅部分浸入时保持操作。 围绕中央储层的辐射屏蔽体由逸出的氦气蒸气冷却。 通过与设置在中央储存器的区域上方的液氮储存器热接触并保持在液氮温度的等温壳体中，辐射屏蔽被封闭在等温壳体内，并通过等温壳体的壁与其隔开。 外部辐射屏蔽围绕液氮储存器和相关的等温壳，外部辐射屏蔽通过外部制冷设备保持在180°K左右的温度。 密闭的密封容器形成低温恒温器的外壁，并提供用于将相邻嵌套结构之间的所有内部空间抽真空至非常低的共同压力的端口。 相邻嵌套表面之间的间距由新型的低导热性内部机械支撑系统保持，包括在相邻外壳之间张力下布置的聚酯帘线。

    NMR Spectrometer with superconducting coil having rectangular cross-section wire
    8.
    发明授权
    NMR Spectrometer with superconducting coil having rectangular cross-section wire 失效
    具有超导线圈的NMR光谱仪具有矩形截面线

    公开(公告)号：US4213092A

    公开(公告)日：1980-07-15

    申请号：US879291

    申请日：1978-02-21

    申请人： George D. Kneip, Jr.

    发明人： George D. Kneip, Jr.

    IPC分类号： H01F6/06 ,  G01R33/3815 ,  H01F7/20 ,  G01R33/08

    CPC分类号： G01R33/3815 ,  Y10S505/844

    摘要： An NMR spectrometer includes a superconducting, solenoid coil formed of superconducting wire having a rectangular cross-section. The wire is formed of a non superconducting metal surrounding superconducting material having a small enough cross sectional area that a magnetic field resulting from current flowing in the superconductor material has a relatively constant position relative to the cross section of the wire. In one embodiment, the wire has a monofilament configuration including a core of the superconducting material surrounded by a sheath of the metal. In a second embodiment, the wire includes a copper block of the metal through which a multiplicity of superconductive strands extend.

    摘要翻译： NMR光谱仪包括由具有矩形横截面的超导线形成的超导螺线管线圈。 导线由围绕超导材料的非超导金属形成，其具有足够小的横截面积，使得在超导体材料中流动的电流产生的磁场相对于导线的横截面具有相对恒定的位置。 在一个实施例中，线具有单丝构造，其包括由金属的护套包围的超导材料的芯。 在第二实施例中，导线包括金属的铜块，多个超导线通过该铜块延伸。

    Selective excitation of coils comprising a superconducting magnet
    9.
    发明授权
    Selective excitation of coils comprising a superconducting magnet 失效
    包括超导磁体的线圈的选择性激励

    公开(公告)号：US4173775A

    公开(公告)日：1979-11-06

    申请号：US879293

    申请日：1978-02-21

    申请人： George D. Kneip, Jr.

    发明人： George D. Kneip, Jr.

    IPC分类号： H01F7/20 ,  G01R33/3815 ,  H01F6/00 ,  H01F6/04 ,  H01L39/10 ,  H01H47/00

    CPC分类号： H01F6/00 ,  G01R33/3815 ,  Y10S505/851

    摘要： Thermal isolation of a cryostat is improved for a superconducting solenoid having a plurality of separately energizable coils or winding sections by reducing the number of conductors required to selectively energize the persistence switch controlling a particular winding section. As a consequence, the dimensions of the vent and fill tube openings of the cryostat which accommodate these conductors may be reduced. In one embodiment a diode is incorporated in series with heating element of each switch. The switches are connected to form a steering network to control as many as p.ltoreq.n(n-1) separate coils using n conductors to actuate p persistence switches. In another embodiment n(n-1)/2 coils are similarly controlled with n conductors using the time-current response of persistence switches without diodes. Still another embodiment utilizes a binary to hexadecimal converter within the cryostat to permit n externally generated signal conductor to select as many as p.ltoreq.2.sup.n -1 persistence switches.

    摘要翻译： 对于具有多个可单独激励的线圈或绕组部分的超导螺线管，通过减少选择性地激励控制特定绕组部分的持久性开关所需的导体数量，改进了低温恒温器的热隔离。 因此，可以减小容纳这些导体的低温恒温器的通气孔和填充管开口的尺寸。 在一个实施例中，二极管与每个开关的加热元件串联结合。 这些开关被连接以形成转向网络，以使用n个导体来控制p

    NMR spectrometer with superconducting coil having rectangular cross-section wire
    10.
    再颁专利
    NMR spectrometer with superconducting coil having rectangular cross-section wire 失效
    具有超导线圈的NMR光谱仪具有矩形截面线

    公开(公告)号：USRE31895E

    公开(公告)日：1985-05-21

    申请号：US485983

    申请日：1983-09-12

    申请人： George D. Kneip, Jr.

    发明人： George D. Kneip, Jr.

    IPC分类号： G01R33/3815

    CPC分类号： G01R33/3815

    摘要： An NMR spectrometer includes a superconducting, solenoid coil formed of superconducting wire having a rectangular cross-section. The wire is formed of a non superconducting metal surrounding superconducting material having a small enough cross sectional area that a magnetic field resulting from current flowing in the superconductor material has a relatively constant position relative to the cross section of the wire. In one embodiment, the wire has a monofilament configuration including a core of the superconducting material surrounded by a sheath of the metal. In a second embodiment, the wire includes a copper block of the metal through which a multiplicity of superconductive strands extend.