摘要:
The invention concerns a process for preparing a tertiary alkyl ether product. The process comprises reacting the isoolefins of an olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock in a reaction zone (1-3) with an alkanol to form a reaction mixture, which is subjected to distillation in a first distillation zone (4). The bottoms product of the first distillation contains the ether(s), whereas the overhead stream contains unreacted alkanol and a mixture of light hydrocarbons. The overhead stream is subjected to a second distillation in a second distillation zone (15). The overhead product of the second distillation mainly contains the lightest hydrocarbons and a small amount of alkanol, and the bottoms product contains an essentially oxygenate-free hydrocarbon stream which can be used as such for alkylation. In order to increase the conversion of the process, a side drawoff is withdrawn from the second distillation zone (15) and recirculated to the reaction zone (1-3).
摘要:
A process for producing alkyl ethers, by etherification of tertiary C4-7 olefins with an alkanol, comprising carrying out the etherification in reactor train system primarily configured for dimerization of isoolefins. In the etherification, the ratio of alkanol-to-olefin is 0.5 to 2, calculated from the amount of tertiary C4-7 olefins of the fresh feedstock. The invention makes it possible to change the product of the process from dimer to ether and vice versa merely by adjusting specific flows within the process. The present kind of process is therefore readily adaptable to fluctuating market demands for various gasoline octane-boosters (isooctane or MTBE).
摘要:
A process for producing alkyl ethers, by etherification of tertiary C4-7 olefins with an alkanol, comprising carrying out the etherification in reactor train system primarily configured for dimerization of isoolefins. In the etherification, the ratio of alkanol-to-olefin is 0.5 to 2, calculated from the amount of tertiary C4-7 olefins of the fresh feedstock. The invention makes it possible to change the product of the process from dimer to ether and vice versa merely by adjusting specific flows within the process. The present kind of process is therefore readily adaptable to fluctuating market demands for various gasoline octane-boosters (isooctane or MTBE).
摘要:
The invention relates to process for dimerizing olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock, to hydrocarbon compositions and to fuel components produced by the process. According to the invention, fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock is fed to a reaction zone of a system including at least one reaction zone and at least one distillation zone. The olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock is contacted with an acidic catalyst in the presence of an oxygenate at conditions in which at least a part of the olefins dimerizes. The effluent from the reaction zone is conducted to the distillation zone where dimerized reaction product is separated from effluent, and at least one flow comprising oxygenate is withdrawn from the side of at least one distillation column. The flow is circulated from distillation zone back to dimerization. The reaction mixture is recovered and optionally hydrogenated to form a parafinic reaction product.
摘要:
A package containing solid raw material for a beverage, wherein the raw material is packed in a water permeable filter bag (1) and the filter bag is packed in an openable protective package (2) enclosing the bag and having a front wall (2d) and a rear wall (2e) which are connected at their both vertical edges. The protective package (2) can be opened by forming an opening between the front wall and the rear wall. Both the front wall (2d) and the rear wall (2e) end at their respective supporting edges (2a, 2b) at the bottom, and said supporting edges can be brought apart to form a bottom structure to keep the bag upright. At least between the supporting edges, the package material forms a bottom that is liquid tight throughout.
摘要:
A method for retrieving and representing media items in a communication network having a plurality of media items. In the embodiment, first at least one media item is retrieved from the communication network. Then, said retrieved media item is normalized. After normalizing, said retrieved media item is classified over a set of concepts, where each concept is associated with at least one description. Later, this classified media item may be compared with a description of information need.
摘要:
A package containing solid raw material for a beverage, wherein the raw material is packed in a water permeable filter bag (1) and the filter bag is packed in an openable protective package (2) enclosing the bag and having a front wall (2d) and a rear wall (2e) which are connected at their both vertical edges. The protective package (2) can be opened by forming an opening between the front wall and the rear wall. Both the front wall (2d) and the rear wall (2e) end at their respective supporting edges (2a, 2b) at the bottom, and said supporting edges can be brought apart to form a bottom structure to keep the bag upright. At least between the supporting edges, the package material forms a bottom that is liquid tight throughout.
摘要:
A fishing lure comprising a container for attractant medium; and a dispenser for dispensing the medium from the container outside the lure. The dispenser is a reciprocating spray pump arranged to move by the effect of traction of the fishing line. The volume of the container is self-adjusting in accordance with the discharge of the attractant medium.
摘要:
Apparatus for detecting the presence of a paging signal at 57 KHz in a frequency modulated transmission includes a phase locked loop (14) which is sensitive to the presence of a pager signal. The phase locked loop (14) which produces phase adjusting pulses at a repetition rate representative of the presence or absence of a pager signal. The phase adjusting pulses are fed to a detector (22) which produces a bistable signal which is either low, indicating no pager signal, or high, indicating the presence of a pager signal.
摘要:
The description relates to a loading trailer which comprises a wheel bogie (4), a chassis (2) supported by the wheel bogie, and a gooseneck (3) for connection to a drive vehicle. The chassis is lowerable and raisable in relation to the wheel bogie for the purpose of being driven under a flat bed (5) and for lifting the flat bed with its load. In order to facilitate the aligning of the loading trailer (1) when driving it under the flat bed, at least the rear part of the chassis (2) is equipped with aligning guides (6) which work against the inner sides of the flat bed (5). The aligning guides (6) are preferably made up of arms which extend obliquely forwards and are adjustable by hydraulic cylinders and which have at their ends guide rolls which in the final position can be locked in depressions (9) in the flat bed. The front part of the chassis (2) also has preferably guides (7), which may be fixed.