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    Anti-waveguide routing structure
    1.
    发明授权
    Anti-waveguide routing structure 有权
    反波导路由结构

    公开(公告)号：US06507681B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-01-14

    申请号：US09630511

    申请日：2000-08-02

    申请人： Tony C. Kowalczyk ,  William K. Bischel ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  Stanley Timothy Lau

    发明人： Tony C. Kowalczyk ,  William K. Bischel ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  Stanley Timothy Lau

    IPC分类号： G02B626

    CPC分类号： G02F1/065 ,  G02F1/011 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F1/035

    摘要： In a first state of an optical switch, a structure in the switch confines an optical mode to propagate along a first, unswitched path. The switch is switched into a second state by reducing the refractive index along the first path, or by increasing the refractive index of a region of the switch outside but adjacent to the first path, until the index within the first path is lower, preferably substantially lower, than that of the adjacent region. This creates an anti-waveguiding section in which light is forced to diverge from the unswitched path both by diffraction and refraction. The refractive index change is produced thermo-optically or electro-optically, for example. In a symmetric planar embodiment, upon actuation, light escapes from the confinement region into two beams deflected symmetrically in lateral directions while remaining vertically confined. In an asymmetric planar embodiment, upon actuation, light from the confinement region escapes in one direction away from the confinement region in the horizontal plane, while remaining confined vertically and in the opposite direction in the horizontal plane. A self-aligned method for fabricating optical switches is also described.

    摘要翻译： 在光开关的第一状态下，开关中的结构限制光模式沿着第一未切换路径传播。 通过减小沿着第一路径的折射率，或者通过增加开关的外部的区域而与第一路径相邻的折射率，将开关切换到第二状态，直到第一路径内的折射率较低 低于邻近地区。 这产生了一个反波导部分，其中光被迫通过衍射和折射而从未切换的路径发散。 折射率变化例如由光学或电光产生。 在对称平面实施例中，在致动时，光从约束区域逸出成横向偏向对称的两个光束，同时保持垂直限制。 在不对称平面实施例中，在致动时，来自限制区域的光在水平面中沿着一个方向远离限制区域而逸出，同时在水平面上保持垂直方向和相反方向。 还描述了用于制造光开关的自对准方法。

    Optical frequency channel selection filter with electronically-controlled grating structures
    3.
    发明授权
    Optical frequency channel selection filter with electronically-controlled grating structures 失效
    具有电子光栅结构的光频道选择滤波器

    公开(公告)号：US5781670A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

    申请号：US644769

    申请日：1996-05-10

    申请人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel ,  Simon J. Field

    发明人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel ,  Simon J. Field

    IPC分类号： G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02B6/34

    CPC分类号： G02F1/313 ,  G02B2006/12107 ,  G02B2006/12109 ,  G02B2006/12164 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F1/3137 ,  G02F2201/30 ,  G02F2201/307 ,  G02F2203/055

    摘要： Optical energy transfer devices and energy guiding devices use an electric field to control energy propagation using a class of poled structures in solid material in channel dropping filter and splitter applications. The poled structures, which may form gratings in thin film or bulk configurations, may be combined with waveguide structures. Electric fields applied to the poled structures control routing of optical energy. In a particular embodiment, an electrode confronts a solid material and bridges at least two elements of a grating disposed transverse of two waveguide segments and overlaps evanescent fields of optical energy in one of the waveguide segments. A switchable grating consists of a poled material with an alternating domain structure of specific period. In a further embodiment there may be an optically active cladding between a grating and a waveguide. Additional electrodes may be provided for independent tuning of the cladding and the grating structure. When an electric field is applied across the periodic structure, a Bragg grating is formed by the electro-optic effect, reflecting optical radiation with a certain bandwidth around a center wavelength. The grating may be used by itself, or in combination with other gratings to form integrated structures.

    摘要翻译： 光能传递装置和能量引导装置使用电场来控制能量传播，使用一类固体材料中的极化结构在通道下落过滤器和分流器应用中。 可以形成薄膜或体积构造的光栅的极化结构可以与波导结构组合。 施加到极化结构的电场控制光能的路由。 在特定实施例中，电极面对固体材料，并且桥接横跨两个波导段的光栅的至少两个元件，并且在波导段之一中重叠光能的瞬逝场。 可切换光栅由具有特定周期的交替畴结构的极化材料组成。 在另一实施例中，在光栅和波导之间可以存在光学活性包层。 可以提供附加电极用于独立调谐包层和光栅结构。 当跨周期结构施加电场时，通过电光效应形成布拉格光栅，以围绕中心波长的一定带宽反射光辐射。 光栅可以自身使用，也可以与其他光栅组合使用以形成集成结构。

    Controllable beam director using poled structure
    4.
    发明授权
    Controllable beam director using poled structure 失效
    可控光束导体使用极化结构

    公开(公告)号：US5630004A

    公开(公告)日：1997-05-13

    申请号：US303847

    申请日：1994-09-09

    申请人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel

    发明人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel

    IPC分类号： G01J3/12 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/37 ,  G02B6/10

    CPC分类号： G02F1/011 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F1/3137 ,  G02F2201/30 ,  G02F2201/307

    摘要： A new class of energy interaction devices, particularly optical energy transfer devices and energy guiding devices, use an energy field, particularly an electric field, applied to a poled structure to control energy propagation in a solid material. The poled structures, which may form gratings in thin film or bulk configurations, may be combined with waveguide structures to guide energy beams such as optical or acoustic beams. Electric fields applied to the poled structures, such as electrically-activated gratings, control routing of optical energy. Optical devices include but are not limited to, frequency-selective switchable- and adjustably-tunable reflectors, splitters, directional couplers, frequency-tunable switches and efficient beam combiners, as well as polarized beam combiners, am and fm modulators, mode selectors, energy transfer devices, optical data readers, panel display devices, and waveguide/reflector switching arrays. Variable reflectivity in a grating and adjustable tunability is obtained by a poled structure under the influence of an adjustable field, producing a spatial gradient in an adjustable propagation velocity in the solid material.

    摘要翻译： 一类新的能量相互作用装置，特别是光能转移装置和能量引导装置，使用施加到极化结构的能量场，特别是电场来控制固体材料中的能量传播。 可以形成薄膜或体积构造的光栅的极化结构可以与波导结构组合以引导诸如光学或声波束的能量束。 施加到极化结构的电场，例如电激活光栅，控制光能的路由。 光学器件包括但不限于频率选择性可切换和可调谐可调谐的反射器，分离器，定向耦合器，频率可调开关和有效的光束组合器，以及偏振光束组合器，am和fm调制器，模式选择器，能量 传输设备，光学数据读取器，面板显示设备和波导/反射器开关阵列。 光栅中的可变反射率和可调节的可调性通过极化结构在可调节场的影响下获得，从而产生固体材料中可调传播速度的空间梯度。

    Optical frequency channel selection filter with electronically-controlled grating structures
    5.
    发明授权
    Optical frequency channel selection filter with electronically-controlled grating structures 失效
    具有电子光栅结构的光频道选择滤波器

    公开(公告)号：US5581642A

    公开(公告)日：1996-12-03

    申请号：US303854

    申请日：1994-09-09

    申请人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel ,  Simon J. Field

    发明人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel ,  Simon J. Field

    IPC分类号： G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02B6/34

    CPC分类号： G02F1/313 ,  G02B2006/12107 ,  G02B2006/12109 ,  G02B2006/12164 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F1/3137 ,  G02F2201/30 ,  G02F2201/307 ,  G02F2203/055

    摘要： Optical energy transfer devices and energy guiding devices use an electric field to control energy propagation using a class of poled structures in solid material in a channel dropping filter and splitter applications. The poled structures, which may form gratings in thin film or bulk configurations, may be combined with waveguide structures. Electric fields applied to the poled structures control routing of optical energy. In a particular embodiment, an electrode confronts a solid material and bridges at least two elements of a grating disposed transverse of two waveguide segments and overlaps evanescent fields of optical energy in one of the waveguide segments. A switchable grating which consists of a poled material with an alternating domain structure of specific period. In a further embodiment there may be an optically active cladding between a grating and a waveguide. Additional electrodes may be provided for independent tuning of the cladding and the grating structure. When an electric field is applied across the periodic structure, a Bragg grating is formed by the electro-optic effect, reflecting optical radiation with a certain bandwidth around a center wavelength. The grating may be used by itself, or in combination with other gratings to form integrated structures.

    摘要翻译： 光能传递装置和能量引导装置使用电场来控制能量传播，这些传播使用一种在固体材料中的极化结构在通道下落过滤器和分流器应用中。 可以形成薄膜或体积构造的光栅的极化结构可以与波导结构组合。 施加到极化结构的电场控制光能的路由。 在特定实施例中，电极面对固体材料，并且桥接横跨两个波导段的光栅的至少两个元件，并且在波导段之一中重叠光能的瞬逝场。 可切换光栅，由具有特定周期的交替畴结构的极化材料组成。 在另一实施例中，在光栅和波导之间可以存在光学活性包层。 可以提供附加电极用于独立调谐包层和光栅结构。 当跨周期结构施加电场时，通过电光效应形成布拉格光栅，以围绕中心波长的一定带宽反射光辐射。 光栅可以自身使用，也可以与其他光栅组合使用以形成集成结构。

    Laser with electrically-controlled grating reflector
    6.
    再颁专利
    Laser with electrically-controlled grating reflector 失效
    激光与电控光栅反射器

    公开(公告)号：USRE37809E1

    公开(公告)日：2002-07-30

    申请号：US09053422

    申请日：1998-04-01

    申请人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Simon J. Field ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel

    发明人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Simon J. Field ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel

    IPC分类号： H01S308

    CPC分类号： H01S3/063 ,  G02F2201/30 ,  G02F2201/307 ,  H01S3/0092 ,  H01S3/0635 ,  H01S3/1055 ,  H01S3/108 ,  H01S3/109 ,  H01S5/141 ,  H01S5/4062

    摘要： One or more lasers are combined with optical energy transfer devices and energy guiding devices which use an electric field for control. The optical energy transfer devices may form gratings, mirrors, lenses and the like using a class of poled structures in solid material. The poled structures may be combined with waveguide structures. Electric fields applied to the poled structures control routing, reflection and refraction of optical energy. Adjustable tunability is obtained by a poled structure which produces a spatial gradient in a variable index of refraction along an axis in the presence of a variable electric field.

    摘要翻译： 一个或多个激光器与使用电场进行控制的光能传递装置和能量引导装置组合。 光能转移装置可以使用固体材料中的一类极化结构形成光栅，反射镜，透镜等。 极化结构可以与波导结构组合。 施加到极化结构的电场控制光能的路由，反射和折射。 可调节的可调性通过极化结构获得，该极化结构在存在可变电场的情况下沿轴产生可变折射率的空间梯度。

    Controllable beam director using poled structure
    7.
    发明授权
    Controllable beam director using poled structure 失效
    可控光束导体使用极化结构

    公开(公告)号：US5732177A

    公开(公告)日：1998-03-24

    申请号：US748480

    申请日：1996-11-08

    申请人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel ,  Simon J. Field

    发明人： David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman ,  William K. Bischel ,  Simon J. Field

    IPC分类号： G01J3/12 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/37 ,  G02B6/10

    CPC分类号： G02F1/011 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F1/3137 ,  G02F2201/30 ,  G02F2201/307

    摘要： A new class of energy interaction devices, particularly optical energy transfer devices and energy guiding devices, use an energy field, particularly an electric field, applied to a poled structure to control energy propagation in a solid material. The poled structures, which may form gratings in thin film or bulk configurations, may be combined with waveguide structures to guide energy beams such as optical or acoustic beams. Electric fields applied to the poled structures, such as electrically-activated gratings, control routing of optical energy. Optical devices include but are not limited to, frequency-selective switchable- and adjustably-tunable reflectors, splitters, directional couplers, frequency-tunable switches and efficient beam combiners, as well as polarized beam combiners, am and fm modulators, mode selectors, energy transfer devices, optical data readers, panel display devices, and waveguide/reflector switching arrays. Variable reflectivity in a grating and adjustable tunability is obtained by a poled structure under the influence of an adjustable field, producing a spatial gradient in an adjustable propagation velocity in the solid material.

    摘要翻译： 一类新的能量相互作用装置，特别是光能转移装置和能量引导装置，使用施加到极化结构的能量场，特别是电场来控制固体材料中的能量传播。 可以形成薄膜或体积构造的光栅的极化结构可以与波导结构组合以引导诸如光学或声波束的能量束。 施加到极化结构的电场，例如电激活光栅，控制光能的路由。 光学器件包括但不限于频率选择性可切换和可调谐可调谐的反射器，分离器，定向耦合器，频率可调开关和有效的光束组合器，以及偏振光束组合器，am和fm调制器，模式选择器，能量 传输设备，光学数据读取器，面板显示设备和波导/反射器开关阵列。 光栅中的可变反射率和可调节的可调性通过极化结构在可调节场的影响下获得，从而产生固体材料中可调传播速度的空间梯度。

    Optical source with mode reshaping
    10.
    发明授权
    Optical source with mode reshaping 失效
    光源与模式整形

    公开(公告)号：US5513196A

    公开(公告)日：1996-04-30

    申请号：US389706

    申请日：1995-02-14

    申请人： William K. Bischel ,  David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman

    发明人： William K. Bischel ,  David A. G. Deacon ,  Michael J. Brinkman

    IPC分类号： G02F1/37 ,  H01S3/00 ,  H01S3/109 ,  H01S5/00 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/14 ,  H01S5/20 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S3/10

    CPC分类号： H01S5/141 ,  G02F1/37 ,  H01S2301/14 ,  H01S3/005 ,  H01S3/109 ,  H01S5/005 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/20 ,  H01S5/4062 ,  H01S5/4087

    摘要： A laser cavity configuration employs a mode reshaping structure in a solid state waveguide. The mode reshaping may be by means of an adiabatic taper. Polarization switching may be employed in connection with the mode reshaping to obtain a high output power in a single transverse spatial mode from an integrated external cavity multiple-mode diode laser device. The structure provides stabilization and rapid tuning of the frequency of the diode laser, as well as use substantially all of the available power of the diode laser operating multimode. Various configurations and combinations are described. An advantage is that an integrated structure can provide output of the laser in a waveguide with single mode for subsequent applications. The external cavity diode laser according to the invention is consistent with a planar manufacturing process such that high volume, low cost products can be achieved.

    摘要翻译： 激光腔配置在固态波导中采用模式整形结构。 模式整形可以通过绝热锥度。 可以结合模式整形来采用极化切换，以从集成的外腔多模二极管激光器装置在单个横向空间模式中获得高输出功率。 该结构提供二极管激光器的频率的稳定和快速调谐，以及使用二极管激光器操作多模式的基本上所有的可用功率。 描述各种配置和组合。 一个优点是集成结构可以在波导中提供激光器的输出，其具有用于随后应用的单个模式。 根据本发明的外腔二极管激光器与平面制造工艺一致，使得可以实现高容量，低成本的产品。