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    Processes for the preparation of crosslinked copolymers
    1.
    发明授权
    Processes for the preparation of crosslinked copolymers 失效
    制备交联共聚物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4894309A

    公开(公告)日：1990-01-16

    申请号：US246070

    申请日：1988-09-19

    申请人： Michael K. Georges ,  Lupu Alexandru ,  William J. Dale ,  Paul D. Szabo ,  Robert A. Nelson

    发明人： Michael K. Georges ,  Lupu Alexandru ,  William J. Dale ,  Paul D. Szabo ,  Robert A. Nelson

    IPC分类号： C08F212/08 ,  G03G9/087

    CPC分类号： G03G9/08793 ,  C08F212/08 ,  G03G9/08737

    摘要： A free radical suspension polymerization process for obtaining crosslinked styrene butadiene ternary copolymers which comprises the polymerization of styrene monomers, butadiene monomers, and crosslinking components in the presence of a surfactant, a stabilizer, and a first and second initiator; and wherein the aforementioned components are present in an aqueous phase; heating the resulting aqueous mixture at a temperature of from about 50.degree. C. to about 110.degree. C.; thereafter heating the mixture at a temperature of from about 110.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C.; followed by cooling and isolating the desired product.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于获得交联的苯乙烯丁二烯三元共聚物的自由基悬浮聚合方法，其包括在表面活性剂，稳定剂和第一和第二引发剂存在下苯乙烯单体，丁二烯单体和交联组分的聚合; 并且其中所述组分存在于水相中; 在约50℃至约110℃的温度下加热得到的含水混合物; 然后在约110℃至约150℃的温度下加热该混合物; 然后冷却并分离所需的产物。

    Toner aggregation process
    2.
    发明授权
    Toner aggregation process 失效
    调色剂聚合过程

    公开(公告)号：US5370964A

    公开(公告)日：1994-12-06

    申请号：US158343

    申请日：1993-11-29

    申请人： Raj D. Patel ,  Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz ,  Michael A. Hopper ,  Melvin D. Croucher ,  T. Hwee Ng ,  William J. Dale

    发明人： Raj D. Patel ,  Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz ,  Michael A. Hopper ,  Melvin D. Croucher ,  T. Hwee Ng ,  William J. Dale

    IPC分类号： G03G9/08

    CPC分类号： G03G9/0815 ,  G03G9/0804

    摘要： A process for the preparation of toner comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion in water, which dispersion is comprised of pigment, an ionic surfactant, and an optional charge control agent;(ii) shearing the pigment dispersion with a polymeric latex comprised of resin, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant, and which latex contains a nonionic surfactant thereby forming a homogeneous or a uniform blend;(iii) heating the above sheared homogeneous blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates;(iv) reshearing the above electrostatically bound toner aggregates (iii) to fragment or break down said toner aggregates of (iii) into smaller average diameter particle size;(v) heating the resulting formed sheared homogeneous blend (iv) comprised of resin, pigment particles, and the ionic, counterionic and nonionic surfactants in water below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin while continuously stirring at about 450 to about 800 revolutions per minute to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution;(vi) adding further ionic or nonionic surfactant in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 percent by weight of water to minimize further growth or enlargement of the particles in the coalescence step (vii); and(vii) heating the formed statically bound aggregated particles of (vi) about above the Tg of the resin to provide coalesced particles of toner(viii) separating said toner; and(ix) drying said toner.

    摘要翻译： 一种制备调色剂的方法，包括：（i）在水中制备颜料分散体，该分散体由颜料，离子表面活性剂和任选的电荷控制剂组成; （ii）用由树脂，具有与所述离子表面活性剂的电荷极性相反的电荷极性的抗衡离子表面活性剂的聚合胶乳剪切颜料分散体，并且该胶乳含有非离子表面活性剂，从而形成均匀或均匀的共混物; （iii）在树脂的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）附近加热上述剪切均匀混合物以形成静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; （iv）重新研磨上述静电结合的调色剂聚集体（iii）以将（iii）的所述调色剂聚集体碎裂或分解成更小的平均直径粒径; （v）在低于约玻璃化转变温度（Tg）的树脂下，将所形成的由树脂，颜料颗粒和离子型，抗衡离子和非离子表面活性剂组成的剪切的均匀混合物（iv）加热至约450至约 800转/分钟，形成具有窄粒度分布的静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; （vi）以约0.1至约10重量％的水加入另外的离子或非离子表面活性剂以最小化在聚结步骤（vii）中颗粒的进一步生长或增大; （vii）将所形成的静态结合的（vi）聚集的颗粒加热到树脂的Tg附近，以提供聚结的调色剂颗粒（viii）分离所述调色剂; 和（ix）干燥所述调色剂。

    Suspension polymerization process for the preparation of polymeric material from gaseous and non-gaseous monomers
    5.
    发明授权
    Suspension polymerization process for the preparation of polymeric material from gaseous and non-gaseous monomers 失效
    用于从气态和非气态单体制备聚合物材料的悬浮聚合方法

    公开(公告)号：US5177153A

    公开(公告)日：1993-01-05

    申请号：US896778

    申请日：1992-06-10

    申请人： George Liebermann ,  William J. Dale ,  Nam S. Ro ,  Daniel M. McNeil ,  Stephan Drappel

    发明人： George Liebermann ,  William J. Dale ,  Nam S. Ro ,  Daniel M. McNeil ,  Stephan Drappel

    IPC分类号： C08F2/18 ,  C08F236/10

    CPC分类号： C08F2/18 ,  C08F236/10

    摘要： A suspension polymerization process for the preparation of a polymeric material formed from at least two monomers, a non-gaseous monomer and a gaseous monomer. The composition of the beads or particles of the polymeric material is controlled by adding gaseous monomer to the vapor phase after polymerization of about 5% to about 90% by weight of the non-gaseous monomer or by removing a portion or substantially all of the gaseous monomer in the vapor phase before polymerization of about 70% by weight of the gaseous monomer in the aqueous suspension, or a combination thereof.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于制备由至少两种单体，非气态单体和气体单体形成的聚合物材料的悬浮聚合方法。 聚合材料的珠粒或颗粒的组成通过在约5％至约90％重量的非气态单体的聚合之后，将气体单体加入到气相中，或通过除去气态单体的一部分或基本上全部气态 在水性悬浮液中约70重量％的气态单体聚合前的气相中的单体，或其组合。