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    Fuel loading method
    1.
    发明授权
    Fuel loading method 失效
    燃油加载方式

    公开(公告)号：US5787139A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-28

    申请号：US858687

    申请日：1997-05-19

    申请人： Mitsunari Nakamura ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Akiko Kanda ,  Takaaki Mochida ,  Junichi Yamashita ,  Shigetada Tanabe ,  Shinichi Kirihara

    发明人： Mitsunari Nakamura ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Akiko Kanda ,  Takaaki Mochida ,  Junichi Yamashita ,  Shigetada Tanabe ,  Shinichi Kirihara

    IPC分类号： G21C5/00 ,  G21C5/12 ,  G21C5/18 ,  G21C7/00 ,  G21C19/19 ,  G21C19/20

    CPC分类号： G21C19/20 ,  G21C5/00 ,  G21C7/00 ,  G21Y2002/201 ,  G21Y2004/40 ,  G21Y2004/60 ,  Y02E30/39

    摘要： In a fuel loading method of the present invention, a nuclear reactor is operated up to the second cycle without exchanging the fuel. Low-enrichment fuel is discharged from a core at the end of the second cycle and at the end of the third cycle. Moreover, high-enrichment fuel with an average enrichment higher than that of replacement fuel is discharged from the core at the end of the third cycle and reloaded into the core at the end of the fifth cycle. According to the present invention, because the high-enrichment fuel discharged from the core at the end of the third cycle normally has a high enrichment, a short combustion period, and a low burnup compared to the replacement fuel burned for 4 to 5 cycles, a lot of fissionable material are left in the high-enrichment fuel. By reloading the high-enrichment fuel to the core after one cycle or more passes, it is possible to greatly increase the discharge exposure of initially loaded fuel. Thereby, it is possible to greatly decrease the number of pieces of the replacement fuel.

    摘要翻译： 在本发明的燃料加载方法中，核反应堆直到第二循环运转而不更换燃料。 在第二循环结束时和第三循环结束时，低浓度燃料从核心排出。 此外，平均浓度高于替代燃料的高浓度燃料在第三循环结束时从核心排出，并在第五循环结束时重新装入核心。 根据本发明，由于在第三循环结束时从核心排出的高浓度燃料通常具有高的富集度，较短的燃烧时间和低的燃耗，与替代燃料相比燃烧4至5个循环， 高浓缩燃料中留有大量可裂变材料。 通过在一个循环或更多次循环之后将高浓度燃料重新加载到核心，可以大大增加初始负载燃料的排放暴露。 由此，可以大幅减少替换燃料的数量。

    Method of operating reactor
    3.
    发明授权
    Method of operating reactor 有权
    操作反应器的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06504889B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-01-07

    申请号：US09381094

    申请日：1999-09-15

    申请人： Kenmi Narita ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Akiko Kanda ,  Takaaki Mochida ,  Junichi Yamashita ,  Junichi Koyama

    发明人： Kenmi Narita ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Akiko Kanda ,  Takaaki Mochida ,  Junichi Yamashita ,  Junichi Koyama

    IPC分类号： G21C1902

    CPC分类号： G21C7/08 ,  G21F5/02 ,  G21Y2002/201 ,  G21Y2004/40 ,  Y02E30/39

    摘要： A method of operating a nuclear reactor reduces the number of reload fuels to be loaded into the nuclear reactor in the second and the following operation cycles. The nuclear reactor has a reactor core in which a plurality of reload fuel assemblies respectively having different infinite multiplication factors are arranged. The method operates the nuclear reactor with control rods inserted in control cells each comprising four reload fuel assemblies having relatively large infinite multiplication factors among the plurality of reload fuel assemblies for a period longer than half of a period of an operation cycle.

    摘要翻译： 操作核反应堆的方法在第二次和随后的操作循环中减少了要加载到核反应堆中的重新加载燃料的数量。核反应堆具有反应堆堆芯，其中分别具有不同无限倍增系数的多个重载燃料组件 被安排。 该方法操作核反应堆，其中控制棒插入控制单元中，每个控制单元包括在多个重新加载的燃料组件中具有相对较大的无限倍增因子的四个重载燃料组件，时间长于操作周期的一半。

    Initial core and fuel assembly
    4.
    发明授权
    Initial core and fuel assembly 失效
    初始核心和燃料组装

    公开(公告)号：US5781604A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

    申请号：US727008

    申请日：1996-10-08

    申请人： Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Akiko Kanda ,  Motoo Aoyama ,  Yoko Yuchi ,  Junichi Yamashita

    发明人： Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Akiko Kanda ,  Motoo Aoyama ,  Yoko Yuchi ,  Junichi Yamashita

    IPC分类号： G21C5/12 ,  G21C3/32 ,  G21C3/326 ,  G21C3/328 ,  G21C3/62 ,  G21C5/00 ,  G21C5/02 ,  G21C7/113 ,  G21C3/00

    CPC分类号： G21C5/02 ,  G21C3/328 ,  Y02E30/38

    摘要： In an initial core of the present invention, a low enrichment fuel assembly having the lowest average enrichment factor and three fuel assemblies having a higher average enrichment factor than that of the low enrichment fuel assembly are arranged in a square shape, control rods of a cross shape are arranged at each of four corners of the square shape to constitute a unit loading pattern, and a plurality of the unit loading patterns are provided in the central region of the core, the fuel assemblies having the higher average enrichment factor are divided by a diagonal line into a first region of the side of the control rods and a second region of the side opposite to the control rods, and the number of the gadolinia-containing fuel rods is greater in the second region by at least two than in the first region. The initial core having an enhanced average enrichment factor for accomplishing a high exposure, makes it possible to maintain thermal margin, to suitably suppress the excess reactivity and to improve fuel economy.

    摘要翻译： 在本发明的初始核心中，具有最低平均富集因子的低富集燃料组件和具有比低浓度燃料组件更高的平均富集因子的三个燃料组件布置成正方形，十字形控制棒 形状被布置在方形的四个角中的每一个角上以构成单元加载模式，并且在芯的中心区域中设置多个单元加载模式，具有较高平均富集因子的燃料组件被除以 对角线插入到控制棒的一侧的第一区域和与控制棒相对的一侧的第二区域，并且含氧化钆的燃料棒的数量在第二区域中比在第一区域中的至少两个更大 地区。 具有增强的平均富集因子的初始核心用于实现高暴露，使得可以保持热裕度，以适当地抑制过量反应性并提高燃料经济性。

    Initial loading core
    5.
    发明授权
    Initial loading core 有权
    初始加载核心

    公开(公告)号：US6141396A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-31

    申请号：US254183

    申请日：1999-03-02

    申请人： Akiko Kanda ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Kenmi Narita ,  Junichi Yamashita ,  Junichi Koyama

    发明人： Akiko Kanda ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Kenmi Narita ,  Junichi Yamashita ,  Junichi Koyama

    IPC分类号： G21C3/326 ,  G21C5/02

    CPC分类号： G21C5/02 ,  G21C3/326 ,  Y02E30/38

    摘要： Several unit loading patterns are arranged in the central area of an initial core to which the present invention is applied. The unit loading pattern is composed of one square-shaped unit cell and four cross-shaped control rods 3 which surround the unit cell. The unit cell is composed of one low enrichment fuel assembly 7, two high enrichment fuel assemblies 8 and one high enrichment fuel assembly 9. The low enrichment fuel assemblies 7 of each unit loading pattern adjoin each other and are arranged to constitute the first control cell 2a being square-shaped. The high enrichment fuel assemblies 9, obliquely adjoining the low enrichment fuel assembly 7 in each unit loading pattern, adjoin each other and are arranged to constitute the second control cell 2b being square-shaped. The high enrichment fuel assembly 9 constituting the unit loading pattern is divided into a control rod side area and an anticontrol rod side area by a diagonal line L1, and the number of Gd fuel rods in the control rod side area is 2 or more than the number in the anticontrol rod side area. By providing this structure, the increase of the local peaking factor on the control rod side can be suppressed and the thermal margin can be sufficiently secured, even if the control rod 3 of the second control cell 2b is extracted after the second operation cycle.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP96 / 02501 Sec。 371日期1999年3月2日 102（e）1999年3月2日PCT PCT 1996年9月4日PCT公布。 公开号WO98 / 10426 日期1998年3月12日几个单元加载模式布置在应用本发明的初始核心的中心区域中。 单元加载模式由一个方形单位单元和围绕单位单元的四个十字形控制杆3组成。 单元电池由一个低浓度燃料组件7，两个高浓缩燃料组件8和一个高浓缩燃料组件9组成。每个单元装载模式的低浓缩燃料组件7彼此邻接并且被布置成构成第一控制单元 2a为方形。 在每个单元装载模式中与低浓缩燃料组件7倾斜相邻的高浓缩燃料组件9相互邻接并被布置成构成正方形的第二控制单元2b。 构成单元装载图案的高浓缩燃料组件9通过对角线L1分为控制棒侧区域和反向推杆侧面区域，控制棒侧区域中的Gd燃料棒的数量为2个以上 抗电极杆侧面的数量。 通过提供这种结构，即使在第二操作周期之后提取第二控制单元2b的控制棒3，也可以抑制控制棒侧的局部峰值系数的增加，并且可以充分确保热裕度。

    Nuclear fuel assembly and core
    7.
    发明授权
    Nuclear fuel assembly and core 失效
    核燃料组件和核心

    公开(公告)号：US5388132A

    公开(公告)日：1995-02-07

    申请号：US121898

    申请日：1993-09-16

    申请人： Motoo Aoyama ,  Yasunori Bessho ,  Junichi Yamashita ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Hajime Umehara ,  Osamu Yokomizo ,  Hideo Soneda ,  Mitsunari Nakamura

    发明人： Motoo Aoyama ,  Yasunori Bessho ,  Junichi Yamashita ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Hajime Umehara ,  Osamu Yokomizo ,  Hideo Soneda ,  Mitsunari Nakamura

    IPC分类号： G21C3/328 ,  G21C3/62

    CPC分类号： G21C3/328 ,  G21Y2002/201 ,  G21Y2004/10 ,  G21Y2004/30 ,  Y02E30/31 ,  Y02E30/38

    摘要： A mean uranium enrichment of fuel rods is set to not less than 4 wt% and preferably 4.25%, a percentage in number of Gd rods to all the fuel rods is set in the range of 20 to 30% and preferably 23%, and an enrichment 4.45 wt% of the Gd rods is between a pellet maximum uranium enrichment and a pellet minimum uranium enrichment. A percentage in number of those fuel rods having a maximum uranium enrichment of 5.0% to all the fuel rods except the Gd rods is set to not less than 75% and preferably 82%. A mean uranium enrichment in the enriched fuel section except blanket regions at upper and lower end portions is 4.75 wt% and a ratio e.sub.max /e.sub.mean of the pellet maximum uranium enrichment to that mean uranium enrichment is not larger than 1.16 and preferably 1.105. Accordingly, when the maximum uranium enrichment is limited to 5.0 wt%, the mean uranium enrichment can be raised to attain mean discharged exposure not less than 45 GWd/t without causing any problems in gadolinia containing fuel rods.

    摘要翻译： 将燃料棒的平均铀浓缩设定为不低于4重量％，优选为4.25％，将所有燃料棒的Gd棒的数量设定在20〜30％，优选为23％的范围内， 富集4.45重量％的Gd棒是在颗粒最大铀浓缩和沉淀最小铀浓缩之间。 对除了Gd棒以外的所有燃料棒，具有5.0％的最大铀浓缩的燃料棒的数量的百分比设定为75％以上，优选为82％。 富集燃料部分的平均铀浓缩除上下部分的覆盖区域为4.75重量％，并且颗粒最大铀浓缩与该平均铀浓缩物的比例emax / emean不大于1.16，优选为1.105。 因此，当最大铀浓缩限制为5.0重量％时，可以提高平均铀浓缩以达到不低于45GWd / t的平均排放暴露，而不会在含钆燃料棒中引起任何问题。

    Boiling water type nuclear reactor core and operation method thereof
    8.
    发明授权
    Boiling water type nuclear reactor core and operation method thereof 失效
    沸水型核反应堆堆芯及其运行方法

    公开(公告)号：US06205196B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-03-20

    申请号：US09048994

    申请日：1998-03-27

    申请人： Junichi Yamashita ,  Kumiaki Moriya ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Yasuhiro Masuhara ,  Taichi Takii ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Takao Kondo ,  Motoo Aoyama ,  Masao Chaki

    发明人： Junichi Yamashita ,  Kumiaki Moriya ,  Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Yasuhiro Masuhara ,  Taichi Takii ,  Akihiro Yamanaka ,  Takao Kondo ,  Motoo Aoyama ,  Masao Chaki

    IPC分类号： G21C334

    CPC分类号： G21C7/113 ,  Y02E30/31 ,  Y02E30/39

    摘要： A boiling water type nuclear reactor core, in which a plurality of fuel assemblies, each enclosed in a channel box, are loaded and a plurality of control rods, each having control blades, are arranged between the channel boxes. Latitudinal long blade control rods, each having control rod blades which extend latitudinally in four directions, are arranged between channel boxes on diagonals of square bundle regions each formed by a plurality of fuel assemblies, and latitudinal short blade control rods, each having control rod blades which extend latitudinally in four directions with each control rod blade having a latitudinal length of about half of the width of one of the square bundle regions, are arranged between the channel boxes in the center of each of the square bundle regions. The long blade control rods have a latitudinal blade length which is about twice as long as the latitudinal blade length of the short blade control rods.

    摘要翻译： 沸水型核反应堆核心，其中装有封闭在通道箱中的多个燃料组件，并且在通道箱之间设置有多个控制杆，每个控制杆具有控制叶片。 横向长叶片控制棒，每个具有沿四个方向纬向延伸的控制杆叶片，布置在每个由多个燃料组件形成的方形束区域的对角线上的通道箱和纬向短叶片控制棒之间，每个具有控制杆叶片 每个方形束区域的中心处的通道箱之间布置有横截面在四个方向上的横截面，每个控制杆叶片具有约一个平方束区域的宽度的大约一半的纬度长度。 长叶片控制杆具有纬度叶片长度，其长度为短叶片控制棒的纬向叶片长度的两倍。

    Nuclear fuel assembly and nuclear reactor incorporating the same
    10.
    发明授权
    Nuclear fuel assembly and nuclear reactor incorporating the same 失效
    核燃料组装和核反应堆并入其中

    公开(公告)号：US5544211A

    公开(公告)日：1996-08-06

    申请号：US321618

    申请日：1994-10-12

    申请人： Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Takaaki Mochida ,  Mamoru Nagano ,  Tsuyoshi Nakajima

    发明人： Katsumasa Haikawa ,  Takaaki Mochida ,  Mamoru Nagano ,  Tsuyoshi Nakajima

    IPC分类号： G21C5/00 ,  G21C3/326 ,  G21C3/328 ,  G21C3/62 ,  G21C3/32

    CPC分类号： G21C3/326 ,  G21Y2002/201 ,  G21Y2004/30 ,  Y02E30/38

    摘要： A fuel assembly has part length and full length fuel rods, and a pair of large-diameter water rods which occupy an area which can accommodate 7 fuel rods. Natural uranium regions are provided in the upper and lower end portions of the effective fuel zone of the fuel assembly. An intermediate region between these upper and lower natural uranium regions provides an enriched uranium region which has three axial sections: an upper section, a middle section and a lower section. The middle section has the highest average enrichment, the lower section has the medium average enrichment and the upper section has the smallest average enrichment. The difference in the average enrichment between the middle section and the lower section is smaller than that between the middle section and the upper section. The upper section has a lower concentration of burnable poison than other sections of the enriched uranium region. According to this arrangement, a greater burn-up degree of the fuel assembly can be achieved with minimal increment of the average enrichment, while preserving sufficiently large safety margin such as the thermal margin of the reactor and the reactor cold shut down margin.

    摘要翻译： 燃料组件具有部件长度和全长燃料棒，以及一对大直径水棒，其占据可容纳7个燃料棒的区域。 天然铀区设置在燃料组件的有效燃料区的上端部和下端部。 这些上部和下部天然铀区域之间的中间区域提供了具有三个轴向部分的浓缩铀区域：上部分，中间部分和下部分。 中段平均浓度最高，下段中等浓度富集，上段平均浓度最小。 中段与下段之间的平均富集差异小于中段与上段之间的平均浓度差。 上段与浓缩铀区其他部分的可燃毒物浓度较低。 根据这种布置，燃料组件的燃烧程度可以以平均富集的最小增量实现，同时保持足够大的安全裕度，例如反应堆的热裕度和反应堆的冷关闭余量。