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1.发明授权Optical amplification using launched signal powers selected as a function of a noise figure 有权使用发射信号功率的光放大作为噪声系数的函数公开(公告)号：US06819479B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US10028576
申请日：2001-12-20
IPC分类号： H01S300
CPC分类号： H01S3/06754 , H01S2301/02
摘要： In one embodiment, an optical amplifier includes a gain medium operable to receive a plurality of signals each having a center wavelength and a noise figure associated with at least a portion of the amplifier and varying as a function of wavelength. At least two of the plurality of signals have launch powers that are a function of a magnitude of the noise figure measured at or near the center wavelength of that signal.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，光放大器包括增益介质，其可操作以接收多个信号，每个信号具有与放大器的至少一部分相关联的中心波长和噪声系数，并随波长变化。 多个信号中的至少两个具有作为在该信号的中心波长处或附近测量的噪声系数的大小的函数的发射功率。
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公开(公告)号：US07068938B1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-27
申请号：US10100615
申请日：2002-03-15
IPC分类号： H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04J14/0213
摘要： An optical communication system includes a plurality of optical add/drop multiplexers (OADMs). The plurality of OADMs includes at least five low distortion OADMs. Each OADM is coupled between spans of a multiple span communication link and operable to receive a multiple wavelength signal. The multiple wavelength signal includes a plurality of bands of wavelength signals each separated from other bands of wavelength signals by one or more guard-channels. In one embodiment, each of the at least five low distortion OADMs adds/drops a common first band of wavelengths to/from the multiple wavelength signal. In some embodiments, a spectral distortion associated with a pass-through wavelength signal spectrally adjacent to one of the one or more guard-channels is no more than three decibels after exiting the last of the plurality of low distortion OADMs. In those embodiments, the guard-channel is adjacent to the first band of wavelengths.
摘要翻译： 光通信系统包括多个光分插复用器（OADM）。 多个OADM包括至少五个低失真OADM。 每个OADM耦合在多跨度通信链路的跨度之间并且可操作以接收多波长信号。 多波长信号包括波长信号的多个波段，每个波长信号波段由波长信号的其它波段与一个或多个保护通道分离。 在一个实施例中，至少五个低失真OADM中的每一个向多波长信号/从多波长信号添加/丢弃公共第一波长带。 在一些实施例中，与在一个或多个保护信道之一频谱相邻的通过波长信号相关联的频谱失真在离开多个低失真OADM中的最后一个之后不超过三个分贝。 在那些实施例中，保护信道与第一波长带相邻。
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公开(公告)号：US07254337B1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-07
申请号：US11383686
申请日：2006-05-16
IPC分类号： H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04J14/0291 , H04J14/0206 , H04J14/0209 , H04J14/0213 , H04J14/0279
摘要： An optical communication system includes a plurality of optical add/drop multiplexers (OADMs). The plurality of OADMs includes at least five low distortion OADMs. Each OADM is coupled between spans of a multiple span communication link and operable to receive a multiple wavelength signal. The multiple wavelength signal includes a plurality of bands of wavelength signals each separated from other bands of wavelength signals by one or more guard-channels. In one embodiment, each of the at least five low distortion OADMs adds/drops a common first band of wavelengths to/from the multiple wavelength signal. In some embodiments, a spectral distortion associated with a pass-through wavelength signal spectrally adjacent to one of the one or more guard-channels is no more than three decibels after exiting the last of the plurality of low distortion OADMs. In those embodiments, the guard-channel is adjacent to the first band of wavelengths.
摘要翻译： 光通信系统包括多个光分插复用器（OADM）。 多个OADM包括至少五个低失真OADM。 每个OADM耦合在多跨度通信链路的跨度之间并且可操作以接收多波长信号。 多波长信号包括波长信号的多个波段，每个波长信号波段由波长信号的其它波段与一个或多个保护通道分离。 在一个实施例中，至少五个低失真OADM中的每一个向多波长信号/从多波长信号添加/丢弃公共第一波长带。 在一些实施例中，与在一个或多个保护信道之一频谱相邻的通过波长信号相关联的频谱失真在离开多个低失真OADM中的最后一个之后不超过三个分贝。 在那些实施例中，保护信道与第一波长带相邻。
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公开(公告)号：US09510710B1
公开(公告)日：2016-12-06
申请号：US13548368
申请日：2012-07-13
IPC分类号： A47J42/44
CPC分类号： A47J42/44
摘要： A food grinder (10) makes a sound or vibrates with a frequency that changes between a first mode when the grinding mechanism (22, 24, 36) is performing a grinding operation while there is bulk food ingredient within the grinding chamber, and a second mode when the grinding mechanism (22, 24, 36) is performing a grinding operation while there is no bulk food ingredient within the grinding chamber, has a detector (44) for sensing the change in frequency and a controller (42) responsive to the detector (44) for controlling the application of electrical power to the grinding mechanism (22, 24 36). Power is first applied when a start grind switch is manually actuated and is later automatically removed in response to a timer (54) a preselected time period after the detector senses that the grinding chamber is empty of bulk food ingredient to be ground.
摘要翻译： 当研磨机构（22,24,36）正在进行研磨操作时，食物研磨机（10）以在第一模式之间变化的频率发出声音或振动，同时在研磨室内存在大量食物成分，而第二模式 当研磨机构（22,24,36）在研磨室内没有大量食物成分的同时进行研磨操作时，具有用于感测频率变化的检测器（44）和响应于 检测器（44），用于控制对研磨机构（22,2436）的电力的施加。 当开始研磨开关被手动启动时，首先施加电力，并且在检测器感测到研磨室未被研磨的散装食品成分为空时响应于定时器（54）预定的时间段而被随后自动移除。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09121744B1
公开(公告)日：2015-09-01
申请号：US13193091
申请日：2011-07-28
CPC分类号： G01F23/268 , A47J41/0094 , A47J2203/00 , B67D1/0871 , B67D3/0054 , G01F23/24 , G01F23/241 , G01F23/242 , G01F23/265
摘要： A beverage dispenser (10) having a hollow, insulated dispenser body (12), a removable cover (16) with an inlet opening (24) for receipt of freshly brewed beverage to an interior of the dispenser body (12), a closed bottom (18) and a faucet (22) for dispensing beverage from the body (12) has a level display system including an elongate, relatively flexible, probe body, or down tube (40) with a flexible probe circuit and having a bottom and a top with a plurality of electrically conductive sensors (43, 45, 47 and 49) mounted within an elongate mounting groove (182, FIGS. 21-23) formed in, and extending along, the elongate relatively rigid probe body (36). The flexible probe assembly (40) is secured within the groove by non-adhesive means, either by a thermal fusion joint 183) formed during injection molding (FIG. 20) of the rigid probe body (36) or by mechanical tabs (178, 180). The flexible probe circuit is made of a flexible plastic strip (127) with sensor locations (124) and a leads connector (130) on one side (125) of a middle layer (127) through-connected (136) to associated elongate leads (134) on the opposite side of the middle layer (127) and two covering top and bottom protective covering layers (114, 138) on opposite sides of the middle layer (127).
摘要翻译： 一种饮料分配器（10），具有中空绝缘的分配器主体（12），具有用于将新鲜酿制的饮料接收到分配器主体（12）的内部的入口开口（24）的可移除的盖子（16），封闭的底部 （18）和用于从主体（12）分配饮料的水龙头（22）具有液位显示系统，该液位显示系统包括具有柔性探针回路的细长的相对柔性的探针体或下管（40），并具有底部和 顶部具有多个导电传感器（43,45,47和49），其安装在形成于所述细长的相对刚性的探针体（36）中并沿其延伸的细长安装槽（182,21-23）内。 柔性探针组件（40）通过非粘合方式固定在凹槽内，无论是通过在刚性探针体（36）的注塑（图20）期间形成的热熔接头183）或通过机械接头 180）。 柔性探针电路由柔性塑料条（127）制成，传感器位置（124）和引导连接器（130）在中间层（127）的一侧（125）上通过连接（136）连接到相关联的细长引线 （134）和中间层（127）的相对侧上的两个覆盖顶部和底部保护覆盖层（114,138）。
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公开(公告)号：US08464584B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-18
申请号：US12250963
申请日：2008-10-14
IPC分类号： G01F23/26
CPC分类号： A47J41/0094 , G01F23/24
摘要： A beverage dispenser (20) has a double-walled tubular, preferably cylindrical, sensor (22) that is immersed in liquid (23), such as coffee or tea, within an opaque, stainless steel container, or beverage dispenser (25) has a double-walled tubular sensor connected via two conductive paths (24, 26) to two inputs (28, 30), respectively, of a resistance measuring circuit (32) that measures the resistance between the two inputs (28, 30) to produce an electrical, direct current, resistance output signal that varies with changes in the instantaneous resistance between the two inputs (28, 30) The resistance output signal is connected to an input (34) of an electronic controller (40) The electronic controller (40) calculates the depth of the liquid (23) based on the magnitude of the resistance output signal applied to the input (34). The sensed and calculated level is then converted to display control output signals produced on a controller output terminal and connected to electronic display (44) to provide a visual indication of the level or quantity of beverage within the dispenser (20). Alternatively, resistance is measured between the interior of the beverage dispenser (20) and a sensor tube.
摘要翻译： 饮料分配器（20）具有双壁管状，优选为圆柱形的传感器（22），其浸入不透明的不锈钢容器内的液体（23）如咖啡或茶中，或饮料分配器（25）具有 分别经由两个导电路径（24,26）连接到电阻测量电路（32）的两个输入端（28,30）的双壁管状传感器，该电阻测量电路测量两个输入端（28,30）之间产生的电阻 一个电，直流电阻输出信号随着两个输入端（28,30）之间瞬时电阻的变化而变化。电阻输出信号连接到电子控制器（40）的输入端（34）。电子控制器（40） ）基于施加到输入（34）的电阻输出信号的大小来计算液体（23）的深度。 感测和计算的电平然后转换成在控制器输出端子上产生并连接到电子显示器（44）上的显示控制输出信号，以提供分配器（20）内的饮料的水平或数量的视觉指示。 或者，在饮料分配器（20）的内部和传感器管之间测量电阻。
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公开(公告)号：US08387455B1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-05
申请号：US12731436
申请日：2010-03-25
申请人： Andrzej Kaminski
发明人： Andrzej Kaminski
IPC分类号： G01F23/26
CPC分类号： G01F23/266 , G01F23/265
摘要： A beverage dispenser (10) with a beverage quantity indicating display (30) controlled by a microprocessor (66) in response to variations in capacitance of a plurality of sensing capacitors (72) detected by a capacitive sensing circuit (70) including one of a general purpose input/output integrated capacitive touch-key sensor, and a general purpose, integrated, input/output port expander with an integrated capacitive touch-key for reduced power consumption, sensitivity and reliability. A reference capacitor (C8) is located above the maximum height (52) of the beverage (74) to keep it spaced from the beverage (74) in air is used to compensate for changes in capacitance of the sensing capacitors (72) due to variations in temperature. All the capacitors (72, C8) are formed from pairs of planer conductive plates (54, 56) respectively mounted to opposed parallel interior surfaces (58, 60) of a sensing tube (36) attached to a down tube (34).
摘要翻译： 一种具有由微处理器（66）控制的饮料量指示显示器（30）的饮料分配器（10），响应于由电容式感测电路（70）检测到的多个感测电容器（72）的电容变化，所述电容感测电路（70） 通用输入/输出集成电容触摸按键传感器，以及具有集成电容式触摸键的通用，集成，输入/输出端口扩展器，可降低功耗，灵敏度和可靠性。 参考电容器（C8）位于饮料（74）的最大高度（52）之上，以保持其与空气中的饮料（74）间隔开，以补偿感测电容器（72）由于 温度变化。 所有的电容器（72,88）由分别安装在附接到下管（34）的传感管（36）的相对的平行内表面（58,60）上的一对平面导电板（54,56）形成。
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8.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20070274625A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-29
申请号：US11279825
申请日：2006-04-14
申请人： Philippe Perrier , Sergey Burtsev , Do Chang , Andrzej Kaminski , Andrej Puc
发明人： Philippe Perrier , Sergey Burtsev , Do Chang , Andrzej Kaminski , Andrej Puc
IPC分类号： G02B6/28
CPC分类号： H04J14/0221 , H01S3/06758 , H01S3/094011 , H01S3/302 , H01S2301/04 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/2937
摘要： A method of communicating an optical signal includes generating an optical signal at a bit rate of at least 2.5 Gb/s. The optical signal including at least thirty optical channels. In one particular embodiment, at least some of the thirty optical channels reside within a 1567-1620 nanometer wavelength range. The method also includes receiving the optical signal at a ROPA that includes a rare-earth doped optical fiber. In addition, the method includes introducing a pump signal to a communication span of the unrepeatered optical communication system. The pump signal operable to amplify the optical signal by Raman amplification within the communication span and including at least one pump signal wavelength operable to excite the rare-earth doped fiber. The method further includes receiving the optical signal after the optical signal has traversed at least 200 kilometers of the communication span.
摘要翻译： 传送光信号的方法包括以至少2.5Gb / s的比特率生成光信号。 光信号包括至少三十个光通道。 在一个具体实施例中，三十个光通道中的至少一些位于1567-1620纳米波长范围内。 该方法还包括在包括稀土掺杂光纤的ROPA处接收光信号。 此外，该方法包括将泵浦信号引入到无中继光通信系统的通信跨度。 泵浦信号可操作以在通信范围内通过拉曼放大来放大光信号，并且包括可操作以激励稀土掺杂光纤的至少一个泵浦信号波长。 该方法还包括在光信号经过至少200公里的通信跨度之后接收光信号。
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9.发明申请System and method for fractional Raman order pumping in optical communication systems 有权光通信系统中分数拉曼级抽运的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US20070002904A1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-04
申请号：US11173629
申请日：2005-06-30
申请人： Herve Fevrier , Andrej Puc , Do Il Chang , Andrzej Kaminski
发明人： Herve Fevrier , Andrej Puc , Do Il Chang , Andrzej Kaminski
IPC分类号： H01S3/30
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , H01S3/06758 , H01S3/094011 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/10007 , H01S2301/04 , H04B10/2916
摘要： An optical communication system includes a gain medium that is capable of receiving at least one optical signal that includes one or more optical signal wavelengths. The system also includes one or more pump sources that are capable of generating at least one pump signal for introduction to the gain medium. The pump signal includes one or more fractional Raman order pump wavelengths having a Raman gain peak that is a non-integer multiple of one stokes shift from each of the one or more optical signal wavelengths. In one particular embodiment, the pump signal interacts with the optical signal as the pump signal traverses at least a portion of the gain medium.
摘要翻译： 光通信系统包括能够接收包括一个或多个光信号波长的至少一个光信号的增益介质。 该系统还包括能够产生用于引入增益介质的至少一个泵浦信号的一个或多个泵浦源。 泵浦信号包括具有拉曼增益峰值的一个或多个分数拉曼阶泵浦波长，该拉曼增益峰值是来自一个或多个光信号波长中的每一个的一个斯托克斯偏移的非整数倍。 在一个特定实施例中，当泵浦信号穿过增益介质的至少一部分时，泵浦信号与光信号相互作用。
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公开(公告)号：US20090212069A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12250963
申请日：2008-10-14
IPC分类号： B67D5/06
CPC分类号： A47J41/0094 , G01F23/24
摘要： A beverage dispenser (20) has a double-walled tubular, preferably cylindrical, sensor (22) that is immersed in liquid (23), such as coffee or tea, within an opaque, stainless steel container, or beverage dispenser (25) has a double-walled tubular sensor connected via two conductive paths (24, 26) to two inputs (28, 30), respectively, of a resistance measuring circuit (32) that measures the resistance between the two inputs (28, 30) to produce an electrical, direct current, resistance output signal that varies with changes in the instantaneous resistance between the two inputs (28, 30) The resistance output signal is connected to an input (34) of an electronic controller (40) The electronic controller (40) calculates the depth of the liquid (23) based on the magnitude of the resistance output signal applied to the input (34). The sensed and calculated level is then converted to display control output signals produced on a controller output terminal and connected to electronic display (44) to provide a visual indication of the level or quantity of beverage within the dispenser (20). Alternatively, resistance is measured between the interior of the beverage dispenser (20) and a sensor tube.
摘要翻译： 饮料分配器（20）具有双壁管状，优选为圆柱形的传感器（22），其浸没在不透明的不锈钢容器内的液体（23）如咖啡或茶中，或饮料分配器（25）具有 分别经由两个导电路径（24,26）连接到电阻测量电路（32）的两个输入端（28,30）的双壁管状传感器，该电阻测量电路测量两个输入端（28,30）之间产生的电阻 一个电，直流电阻输出信号随着两个输入端（28,30）之间瞬时电阻的变化而变化。电阻输出信号连接到电子控制器（40）的输入端（34）。电子控制器（40） ）基于施加到输入（34）的电阻输出信号的大小来计算液体（23）的深度。 感测和计算的电平然后转换成在控制器输出端子上产生并连接到电子显示器（44）上的显示控制输出信号，以提供分配器（20）内的饮料的水平或数量的视觉指示。 或者，在饮料分配器（20）的内部和传感器管之间测量电阻。
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