Alkaline alumino-silicate geopolymeric matrix for composite materials
with fiber reinforcement and method for obtaining same
    1.
    发明授权
    Alkaline alumino-silicate geopolymeric matrix for composite materials with fiber reinforcement and method for obtaining same 失效
    具有纤维增强复合材料的碱性铝硅酸盐地质聚合物基质及其获得方法

    公开(公告)号:US5798307A

    公开(公告)日:1998-08-25

    申请号:US836099

    申请日:1997-04-29

    摘要: An alkali aluminosilicate geopolymeric matrix for the production of composite materials with a fiber reinforcement has a composition, after dehydration, expressed as oxides, as follows: yM.sub.2 O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :xSiO.sub.2 where "x" is 6.5-70, "y" is 0.95-9.50 and M is Na, K or Na+K. The geopolymeric matrix comprises a nanocomposite material with at least two phases, with (a) a first nodular silicious phase composed of nanospheres with diameters of less than 1 micron, preferably less than 500 nm, and (b) a second polymeric phase essentially composed of alkali poly(aluminosilicate) having one or more sialate bridge (--Si--O--Al--O) cross-linking sites of total formula M.sub.4 Si.sub.2 AlO.sub.10 to M.sub.2 Si.sub.4 AlO.sub.16, such that, in the alkali poly(aluminosilicate), the ratio of Si(O.sub.4) to Al(O.sub.4) is >3.5, preferably >5. The geopolymeric matrix has a spectrum of .sup.29 Si MASNMR with three resonance regions: -87.+-.5 ppm, -98 .+-.5 ppm, -107 .+-.5 ppm, and prevents the oxidation at high temperatures of the carbon fibre. The resulting composite materials can be used at temperatures of up to 1000.degree. C.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / FR96 / 00388 Sec。 371日期1997年04月29日 102(e)1997年4月29日PCT PCT 1996年3月13日PCT公布。 公开号WO96 / 28398 日期1996年9月19日一种用于生产具有纤维增强材料的复合材料的碱性硅铝酸盐地质聚合物基质具有如下成分,脱水后表示为氧化物:yM2O:Al2O3:xSiO2其中“x”为6.5-70,“y” 为0.95-9.50,M为Na,K或Na + K。 所述地质聚合物基质包含具有至少两相的纳米复合材料,(a)由直径小于1微米,优选小于500nm的纳米球组成的第一结节状硅相,和(b)基本上由 具有一个或多个唾液酸桥(-Si-O-Al-O)的总共式(Si-O-Al-O)交联位点的总共式(硅铝酸盐)的总共式(Si-O-Al-O)交联位点,使得在碱性聚(硅铝酸盐)中,Si(O 4) 至Al(O 4)> 3.5,优选> 5。 地质聚合物基质具有29Si MASNMR光谱,具有三个共振区域:-87 +/- 5ppm,-98 +/- 5ppm,-107 +/- 5ppm,并且防止碳纤维在高温下的氧化。 所得到的复合材料可以在高达1000℃的温度下使用

    Ceramic-ceramic composite material and production method
    2.
    发明授权
    Ceramic-ceramic composite material and production method 失效
    陶瓷陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US4888311A

    公开(公告)日:1989-12-19

    申请号:US218286

    申请日:1988-06-10

    摘要: A composite ceramic-ceramic material is disclosed having a fibrous reinforcing ceramic and a ceramic matrix made of a geopolymeric compound containing:(a) a poly(sialate) geopolymer M.sub.n (--Si--O--Al--O--).sub.n and/or poly(sialate-siloxo) M.sub.n (--Si--O--Al--O--Si--O--).sub.n, M representing at least one alkaline cation, and n the degree of polymerization;(b) ultrafine silicious and/or aluminous and/or silico-aluminous constituents, of size smaller than 5 microns, preferably lower than 2 microns,the said geopolymeric compound being obtained by polycondensation at a temperature between 20.degree. C. and 120.degree. C. of an alkaline alumino-silicate reaction mixture, the composition of the principal constituents of the said geopolymeric compound expressed in terms of mole ratios of the oxides being between or equal to following values:M.sub.2 O/SiO.sub.2 --0.10 TO 0.95,SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --2.50 TO 6.00,M.sub.2 O/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --0.25 TO 5.70,M.sub.2 O representing either Na.sub.2 O and/or K.sub.2 O, or a mixture of at least one alkaline oxide with CaO.The fibrous reinforcement consists of ceramic fibres such as SiC, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, glass, carbon. The addition of alkaline sulphides and alkaline sulphites enables glass fibres to be protected against chemical attack due to the alkalinity of the matrix.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / FR87 / 00396 Sec。 371日期:1988年6月10日 102(e)1988年6月10日PCT PCT日期:1987年10月13日PCT公布。 第WO88 / 02741号公报 公开了一种复合陶瓷陶瓷材料,其具有纤维增强陶瓷和由地质聚合物制成的陶瓷基体,所述地质聚合物包含:(a)聚(唾液酸酯)地质聚合物Mn(-Si-O-Al-O - )n和/或聚(唾液酸酯-Siloxo)Mn(-Si-O-Al-O-Si-O-)n,M表示至少一种碱性阳离子,n表示聚合度; (b)尺寸小于5微米,优选低于2微米的超细硅质和/或铝和/或硅铝质组分,所述地质聚合物通过在20℃至120℃的温度下缩聚得到 的碱性铝硅酸盐反应混合物,所述地质聚合物的主要成分的组成以氧化物的摩尔比表示,其摩尔比在以下值之间或之下:M 2 O / SiO 2 -0.10至0.95,SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 - 2.50至6.00,M 2 O / Al 2 O 3 -0.25至5.70,代表Na 2 O和/或K 2 O的M 2 O,或至少一种碱性氧化物与CaO的混合物。 纤维增强材料由诸如SiC,Al2O3,SiO2,玻璃,碳等陶瓷纤维组成。 碱性硫化物和碱性亚硫酸盐的添加使玻璃纤维得以保护,防止由于基质的碱度引起的化学侵蚀。

    Process for obtaining a geopolymeric alumino-silicate and products thus
obtained
    4.
    发明授权
    Process for obtaining a geopolymeric alumino-silicate and products thus obtained 失效
    获得地质聚合物铝硅酸盐的方法和由此获得的产品

    公开(公告)号:US5342595A

    公开(公告)日:1994-08-30

    申请号:US923797

    申请日:1992-09-02

    摘要: The geopolymeric alumino-silicates have been grouped in three families depending on the atomic ratio Si/Al which may be 1, 2 or 3. With the most commonly used simplified notation, a distinction is made between______________________________________ poly M.sub.n --(Si--O--Al--O) .sub.n-- or (M)--PS, (sialate) poly M.sub.n --(Si--O--Al--O--Si--O) .sub.n-- or (M)--PSS, (sialate- siloxo) poly M.sub.n --(Si--O--Al--O--Si--O--Si--O) .sub.n-- or (sialate- (M)--PSDS disiloxo). ______________________________________ A process for obtaining a geopolymer of the alkaline poly(sialate-disiloxo) family (M)-PSDS with the ratio Si/Al=3 involves producing geopolymeric resin obtained from a reactional mixture containing:a) an aqueous solution of alkaline silicate with a molar ratio SiO.sub.2 :M.sub.2 O comprised between or equal to SiO.sub.2 :M.sub.2 O 4.0:1 and 6.6:1 the concentration of which is over 60% wt and where the initial viscosity at 20.degree. C. is 200 centipoises, then increases but does not exceed 500 centipoises before 5 hours at 20.degree. C.;b) an alumino-silicate oxide (Si.sub.2 O.sub.5,Al.sub.2 O.sub.2) in which the Al cation is in coordination (IV-V), as determined by the MAS-NMR spectrum for .sup.27 Al, the said oxide being in such a quantity that the molar ratio Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :SiO.sub.2 is comprised between or equal to Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :SiO.sub.2 1:5.5 and 1:6.5, and then allowing the geopolymeric resin to cure.As against the prior art, the fact that there is no need to add fillers to prevent the geopolymeric matrix from cracking makes it possible to keep a very low viscosity in the geopolymeric resin and develop its film-forming property, which is a distinct advantage when fibers or other granular materials are to be impregnated.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / FR91 / 00177 Sec。 371日期:1992年9月2日 102(e)日期1992年9月2日PCT 1991年3月5日PCT公布。 出版物WO91 / 13830 日期:1991年9月19日。根据Si / Al的原子比可能是1,2或3,地质聚硅酸铝已经分成三个族。以最常用的简化符号表示,-poly Mn - (Si-O-Al-O)n或(M)-PS, - (唾液酸酯) - 聚Mn-(Si-O-Al-O-Si-O)n或(M) - (唾液酸酯 - 硅氧醇) - 聚Mn-(Si-O-Al-O-Si-O-Si-O)n-或 - (唾液酸酯 - (M)-PSDS-二硅氧烷)。 - 以Si / Al = 3的比例获得碱性聚(唾液酸酯 - 二硫代)家族(M)-PSDS的地质聚合物的方法涉及产生由反应混合物获得的地质聚合物树脂,其包含:a)碱性硅酸盐水溶液 SiO 2 :M 2 O的摩尔比在SiO 2 :M 2 O 4.0:1和6.6:1之间,其浓度超过60重量%,并且其中20℃下的初始粘度为200厘泊,然后增加但不超过 在20℃下5小时500厘泊。 b)通过27Al的MAS-NMR光谱确定的Al阳离子配位的铝硅酸盐氧化物(Si 2 O 5,Al 2 O 2),其中所述氧化物的摩尔比为Al 2 O 3 :SiO 2包含在Al 2 O 3 :SiO 2 1:5.5和1:6.5之间,然后使地质聚合物树脂固化。 与现有技术相比,不需要添加填料以防止地质聚合物基质破裂的事实使得可以在地质聚合物树脂中保持非常低的粘度并显现其成膜性,这是显着的优点, 纤维或其他颗粒材料被浸渍。