Abstract:
The present invention relates to the continuous production of 2-methylene alkanals in a tube reactor, wherein in the 2-position non-branched alkanals are reacted with formaldehyde under acid-base catalysis in the presence of secondary amines and carboxylic acids under laminar flow conditions.
Abstract:
A process for preparing 2-methylbutyric acid having a reduced content of 3-methylbutyric acid from the secondary streams obtained in the preparation of pentanoic acids, includes generating a stream enriched with 2-methylbutanal and 3-methyl-butanal. The stream enriched with 2-methylbutanal and 3-methylbutanal of step is reacted with formaldehyde. The reaction with formaldehyde is followed by removal of the organic phase and selective hydrogenation in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst with hydrogen at elevated temperature and elevated pressure and, after removal of the hydrogenation catalyst, treatment of the hydrogenation output obtained with an oxidizing agent.
Abstract:
A process for preparing 2-methylbutanal from the secondary streams obtained in the preparation of mixtures of isomeric α,β-unsaturated decenals, characterized in that a) a mixture comprising linear butenes is reacted in the presence of transition metal compounds of group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at elevated temperature and elevated pressure to give a pentanal mixture; b) the pentanal mixture obtained in step a) is converted in the presence of basic compounds to a mixture of isomeric α,β-unsaturated decenals; and c)the mixture obtained in step b) is separated into a stream enriched with unconverted 2-methylbutanal and a stream enriched with a mixture of isomeric α,β-unsaturated decenals; with the proviso that the stream which has been separated off in step c) and is enriched with unconverted 2-methylbutanal is reacted with formaldehyde.
Abstract:
A mixture useful as plasticizer comprises trimellitic esters and polyether polyol esters, characterized in that the mixture comprises from 1 to 99% by weight of trimellitic esters and 99 to 1% by weight of polyether polyol esters, wherein the polyether polyol esters can be derived from linear or branched, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 3 to 20 carbon atoms in the molecule.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for simultaneously consecutive preparation of polyols by base-catalysed reaction of at least two different mid-chain aldehydes with formaldehyde. The simultaneous consecutive mode of operation makes it possible to achieve high conversions and high selectivities for both aldehydes, with additional achievement of a distinct reduction in the amount of unreacted formaldehyde remaining. This leads to improved process economics, since the energy costs for workup of the formaldehyde stream are distinctly reduced.
Abstract:
A process for preparing isomeric hexanoic acids comprising 2-methylpentanoic acid from the secondary streams obtained in the preparation of pentanals, characterized in that a) a mixture comprising linear butenes is reacted to give a pentanal mixture; b) the mixture obtained in step a) is separated into a stream enriched with 2-methylbutanal and 3-methyl-butanal, and a stream enriched with n-pentanal; c) the stream enriched with 2-methylbutanal and 3-methylbutanal of step b) is reacted with formaldehyde; d) the reaction mixture obtained after step c) is selectively reacted to give a mixture comprising 2-methylbutanal and isomeric hexanals; e) the reaction mixture is separated into a stream enriched with 2-methylbutanal and a stream enriched with a mixture of isomeric hexanals; and f) the mixture of isomeric hexanals obtained in step e) is oxidized to a mixture of isomeric hexanoic acids comprising 2-methylpentanoic acid.
Abstract:
A batchwise process for aftertreatment of polyol esters prepared by reacting polyols of the general formula (II) H—(—O—[—CR1R2—]m—)o—OH (II) in which R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, an alkyl radical having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, ethyl or propyl, or a hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably the hydroxymethyl radical, m is an integer from 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 8 and especially 1, 2, 3 or 4, o is an integer from 2 to 15, preferably 2 to 8 and especially 2, 3, 4 or 5, with excess linear or branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and having a lower boiling point than the polyols used. The process is carried out in the presence of a Lewis acid and in the presence of an adsorbent, while removing the water formed, characterized in that the excess monocarboxylic acid is removed by distillation and water is added to the crude ester obtained at a temperature below the boiling point of water at the particular pressure and the crude ester with added water is aftertreated with avoidance of basic compounds, and the sparingly soluble conversion products and the adsorbent present in the esterification reaction are filtered off.
Abstract translation:用于后处理多元醇酯的分批方法,其通过使通式(II)的多元醇H - ( - O - [ - CR 1 R 2 - ] m - )o-OH(II)反应制备,其中R 1和R 2各自独立地为氢, 具有1至5个碳原子的烷基,优选甲基,乙基或丙基,或具有1至5个碳原子的羟烷基,优选羟甲基,m为1至10,优选1至8,特别是1,2 ,3或4,o是2至15,优选2至8,特别是2,4或5的整数,其中具有3至20个碳原子并具有比其低的沸点的过量的直链或支链脂肪族单羧酸 使用多元醇 该方法在路易斯酸存在下并且在吸附剂存在下进行,同时除去形成的水,其特征在于通过蒸馏除去过量的单羧酸,并将水加入到在低于 在特定压力下的水的沸点和加入水的粗酯进行后处理,避免碱性化合物,并且滤出酯化反应中存在的微溶的转化产物和吸附剂。
Abstract:
A process for producing a mixture comprising tertiary isononanoic acids proceeding from 2-ethylhexanol is characterized in that 2-ethylhexanol is (a) reacted at a temperature of 0° C. to 40° C. with a mixture of concentrated formic acid and a concentrated Brønsted acid, wherein 2 to 10 mol of formic acid are used per mole of 2-ethylhexanol and the concentrated Brønsted acid is used in an amount that corresponds to 6 to 90 mol of protons per mole of 2-ethylhexanol. The resulting reaction mixture from step (a) is subsequently (b) brought into contact with water, and the mixture comprising tertiary isononanoic acids formed according to step b) is removed.
Abstract:
A process for obtaining product streams enriched with polyol esters from the secondary streams from polyol ester preparation, comprising a) the reaction of polyols of the general formula (II) H—(—O—[—CR1R2—]m—)o—OH (II) in which R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, an alkyl radical having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, m is an integer from 1 to 10, o is an integer from 2 to 15, with linear or branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 3 to 20 carbon atom, with removal of the water formed; b) the removal of unconverted starting compounds from the crude ester formed; c) the treatment of the crude ester obtained in step b) with steam to form a volatile secondary stream; and d) the removal of the volatile secondary stream obtained in step c), characterized in that the volatile secondary stream obtained in step d) is separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase and the organic phase removed is subjected to a further treatment with steam and a product stream enriched with polyol esters is obtained as residue.
Abstract translation:一种从多元醇酯制备的二次流中获得富含多元醇酯的产物流的方法,其包括a)通式(II)的多元醇H - ( - O - [ - CR 1 R 2 - ] m - )o-OH (II)其中R 1和R 2各自独立地为氢,具有1至5个碳原子的烷基或具有1至5个碳原子的羟烷基,m为1至10的整数,o为2至15的整数 与碳原子数3〜20的直链状或支链状的脂肪族一元羧酸一起除去形成的水分; b)从形成的粗酯中除去未转化的起始化合物; c)用蒸汽处理在步骤b)中获得的粗酯以形成挥发性二级流; 和d)去除步骤c)中获得的挥发性二次物流,其特征在于将步骤d)中获得的挥发性二次水分离成水相和有机相,并将所除去的有机相进一步用 获得蒸汽和富含多元醇酯的产物流作为残余物。
Abstract:
A process for preparing polyol esters by reacting polyols with linear or branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, is characterized in that a mixture of the starting compounds is allowed to react in the presence of a Lewis acid containing at least one element of groups 4 to 14 of the periodic table of the elements as a catalyst and in the presence of an adsorbent with removal of the water formed, and then the crude ester obtained is aftertreated by adding a further adsorbent which is an acidic activated carbon having a pH of 1 to 6.5.