摘要:
In one aspect, methods of HMF production are described herein. A method of HMF production, in some embodiments, comprises providing a saccharide feedstock including glucose and bringing the saccharide feedstock into contact with a solid state catalytic structure at a temperature sufficient to effectuate dehydration of the glucose to provide HMF. The solid state catalytic structure comprises a substrate having one or more surfaces functionalized with saccharide solubilization functionalities and acid functionalities, wherein the saccharide solubilization functionalities comprise one or more imidazolium salts pendant along chains of a first polymeric species attached to the substrate surface.
摘要:
The present invention refers to alpha branched alkanoic and alkenoic acids of formula (I) wherein X and R have the same meaning as given in the description. The invention further refers to perfume compositions and fragrance applications comprising them.
摘要:
An iron soap having a content A (%) of free fatty acid being 0.01≦A≦8.0, a content B (%) of water soluble salt being 0.01≦B≦0.5, and a granularity summary value C indicated in Formula (1) being 0.1≦C≦5.0, wherein the iron soap is a salt of a straight-chain saturated fatty acid having from 12 to 22 carbons and an iron. Granularity summary value C=(D90−D10)/D50(where 1.0≦D50≦40.0) Formula (1) D10: 10% cumulative diameter (μm) of fatty acid metal salt particles on a volumetric basisD50: 50% cumulative diameter (μm) of fatty acid metal salt particles on a volumetric basisD90: 90% cumulative diameter (μm) of fatty acid metal salt particles on a volumetric basis
摘要:
A process for producing a mixture comprising tertiary isononanoic acids proceeding from 2-ethylhexanol is characterized in that 2-ethylhexanol is (a) reacted at a temperature of 0° C. to 40° C. with a mixture of concentrated formic acid and a concentrated Brønsted acid, wherein 2 to 10 mol of formic acid are used per mole of 2-ethylhexanol and the concentrated Brønsted acid is used in an amount that corresponds to 6 to 90 mol of protons per mole of 2-ethylhexanol. The resulting reaction mixture from step (a) is subsequently (b) brought into contact with water, and the mixture comprising tertiary isononanoic acids formed according to step b) is removed.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of α,α-branched carboxylic acids vinyl esters comprising the following steps: isomerising and converting an olefin feed with CO and water under Koch reaction conditions to make an acid with a ratio of Non Blocking isomers (NB) versus Blocking isomers (B) of NB/B above 1.5, wherein a blocking isomer has always a tertiary carbon atom in alpha position of the carboxylic acid and in the beta position of the carboxylic acid, whereas a non-blocking isomer has primary carbon atoms in the beta position of the carboxylic acid converting the resulting acid into a vinyl ester.
摘要:
An integrated process for producing paraffins and polyols from renewable feedstocks has been developed in which a hydrolysis process is integrated with the hydroprocessing step, producing products suitable for use as transportation fuels. Integration allows the use of common equipment which minimizes cost, raw material consumption, and energy requirements.
摘要:
Disclosed is a novel synthetic fuel as alternative to diesel, wherein said synthetic fuel comprises branched esters and wherein the fuel having improved fuel properties such as zero aromatic, zero olefin, zero sulphur, low pour, high cetane diesel fuel with improved lubricity and oxidative stability. Further, the present invention provides a method of preparation of said esters.
摘要:
A method of treating a human subject having a condition responsive to valproic acid therapy, includes administering to the subject an effective amount of a metal-based ternary complex of valproic acid with nitrogen donor ligands, in particular with diimines or diamines.