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1.发明授权Method and apparatus for measuring and controlling the percentage reduction of ore in a moving bed gaseous reduction reactor 失效用于测量和控制移动床气还原反应器中矿石减少百分比的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4099962A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-11
申请号：US646496
申请日：1976-01-05
CPC分类号： C21B13/0073 , C21B13/02 , C22B5/12 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/143
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring and controlling the percentage reduction of iron ore in a vertical shaft, moving bed, gaseous reduction reactor. Reducing gas comprising hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is fed from a source of such gas to the bottom of the reduction zone of the reactor and is heated to an elevated temperature before being introduced into the reactor. The flow and composition of the reducing gas are determined at a first location before the gas enters the reactor. The effluent gas from the reactor is cooled and its flow and composition determined at a second location after the gas has been cooled. The measured flows and compositions are correlated with the rate of sponge iron production to obtain a measurement of percentage reduction of the ore and this measurement is used, either manually or automatically, to regulate the rate of removal of sponge iron from the reactor to maintain the percentage reduction at a predetermined desired value.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量和控制垂直轴，移动床，气态还原反应器中铁矿石减少百分比的方法和装置。 将包含氢气，甲烷，一氧化碳和二氧化碳的气体从这种气体的来源进料到反应器的还原区的底部，并在引入反应器之前被加热到升高的温度。 在气体进入反应器之前的第一位置处确定还原气体的流动和组成。 来自反应器的废气被冷却，并且在气体被冷却之后在第二位置确定其流动和组成。 测量的流量和组成与海绵铁生产速率相关，以获得矿石减少百分比的测量，并且手动或自动地使用该测量来调节从反应器中去除海绵铁的速率以维持 在预定的期望值下减少百分比。
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公开(公告)号：US4375983A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-08
申请号：US234317
申请日：1981-02-13
CPC分类号： C21B13/04 , Y02P10/122 , Y02P10/128 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/212
摘要： A method for the batchwise reduction of iron ore to sponge iron in a multiple unit reactor system is disclosed in which (a) separate fixed beds of iron-bearing material are simultaneously treated in at least one cooling reactor and at least two reduction reactors, (b) a reducing gas composed largely of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is used to cool the iron-bearing material in said cooling reactor and thereafter to reduce the iron-bearing material in said reduction reactors, (c) a stream of said reducing gas is caused to pass through the fixed bed of iron ore in said cooling reactor and then cooled and (d) a portion of the cooled effluent reducing gas from said cooling reactor is recycled thereto, the improvement which comprises causing the remainder of the cooling reactor effluent gas to be fed to said reduction reactors and to flow in parallel through the fixed beds of metal-bearing material in said reduction reactors, and heating the reducing gas fed to said reduction reactors before it enters said reactors in a gas superheater without combustion of said gas to a temperature of at least 900.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种在多单元反应器系统中将铁矿石分批还原成海绵铁的方法，其中（a）在至少一个冷却反应器和至少两个还原反应器中同时处理单独的含铁材料固定床（ b）主要由一氧化碳和氢气组成的还原气体用于冷却所述冷却反应器中的含铁材料，之后还原所述还原反应器中的含铁材料，（c）引起所述还原气体流 在所述冷却反应器中通过铁矿石的固定床，然后冷却，并且（d）将来自所述冷却反应器的冷却的排出物还原气体的一部分再循环到其中，所述改进包括使剩余的冷却反应器流出气体 被供给到所述还原反应器并且通过所述还原反应器中的含金属材料的固定床平行流动，并且在所述还原反应器之前加热供给到所述还原反应器的还原气体 它在气体过热器中进入所述反应器，而不将所述气体燃烧至至少900℃的温度。
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3.发明授权Method and apparatus for measuring percentage reduction in a metal ore reduction reactor 失效用于测量金属矿石还原反应器中的百分比还原的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4121922A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-24
申请号：US751997
申请日：1976-12-17
CPC分类号： G01N31/005 , C21B13/0073 , C22B5/12 , Y02P10/136 , Y10T436/12 , Y10T436/205831 , Y10T436/214
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring the percentage reduction of iron ore in a reduction reactor of a multiple reactor gaseous reduction system. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the flow and composition of the reducing gas fed to the reduction reactor and the flow and composition of the reactor effluent gas after cooling are measured and the measurements are fed to a computer along with data on the initial weight of the charge to the reactor, the moisture content of the charge and the initial reducible oxygen in the charge. The computer is programmed to compute the rate of oxygen removal from the charge, integrate the rate of removal with respect to time and compare the integral with the initial oxygen content of the charge to evaluate percentage reduction thereof.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量多反应器气体还原系统的还原反应器中铁矿石的减少百分比的方法和装置。 根据优选实施例，测量供给到还原反应器的还原气体的流量和组成以及冷却后的反应器流出气体的流量和组成，并将测量值与关于初始重量 反应器的电荷，电荷的含水量和电荷中的初始还原氧。 计算机被编程为计算从电荷中除去氧气的速率，整合相对于时间的去除速率，并将积分与电荷的初始氧含量进行比较，以评估其降低百分比。
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公开(公告)号：US4067728A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-10
申请号：US635655
申请日：1975-11-26
申请人： Patrick W. MacKay
发明人： Patrick W. MacKay
CPC分类号： C22B5/12 , C21B13/04 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/143 , Y02P10/212
摘要： An improvement in a method for the batchwise gaseous reduction of iron ore to sponge iron in a multiple unit reactor system including a cooling reactor and a series of reduction reactors. Reduction is effected with a gas composed largely of carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by reforming a mixture of steam and natural gas or other gaseous hydrocarbons at an elevated temperature. The reducing gas pressure drop through the system is decreased by using an out-of-line cooling reactor and cooling gas loop, thereby making it feasible to use three or more reduction reactors in series and thus enhance the efficiency of utilization of the reducing gas.Also the use of an out-of-line cooling reactor permits independent control of both the gas flow rate and gas composition in the cooling loop.
摘要翻译： 在包括冷却反应器和一系列还原反应器的多单元反应器系统中对铁矿石到海绵铁的间歇气态还原方法的改进。 通过在升高的温度下重整蒸汽和天然气或其它气态烃的混合物而产生的主要由一氧化碳和氢气组成的气体进行还原。 通过使用离线式冷却反应器和冷却气体回路，通过系统的还原气体压降降低，从而使得可以串联使用三个或更多个还原反应器，从而提高还原气体的利用效率。 此外，使用离线冷却反应器可以独立控制冷却回路中的气体流速和气体成分。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4046556A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-06
申请号：US646379
申请日：1976-01-02
申请人： Juan Celada , Patrick W. MacKay
发明人： Juan Celada , Patrick W. MacKay
CPC分类号： C21B13/04 , Y02P10/136
摘要： A process for the direct gaseous reduction of iron ore to sponge iron wherein the sponge iron is cooled with a carbon-containing cooling gas by a dual temperature procedure that increases transfer of carbon from the cooling gas to the sponge iron and thereby permits the production of a product having a combination of relatively low or moderate metallization and relatively high potential metallization. Increased productivity of the direct reduction plant and of the overall integrated steel plant are achieved.
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公开(公告)号：US4725309A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-16
申请号：US840384
申请日：1986-03-17
申请人： Patrick W. MacKay , Ronald-Victor-Manuel Lopez-Gomez , Raul Prieto-de-la-Fuente , Marco-Aurelio Flores-Verdugo
发明人： Patrick W. MacKay , Ronald-Victor-Manuel Lopez-Gomez , Raul Prieto-de-la-Fuente , Marco-Aurelio Flores-Verdugo
CPC分类号： C21B13/02 , Y02P10/136
摘要： A method and an apparatus for the gaseous reduction of particulate iron ores is disclosed, wherein the reduced ore, commonly called DRI (Direct Reduced Iron) or sponge iron, is treated in a vertical shaft moving bed furnace and discharged from said furnace in solid particulate form at high temperature, e.g. above 500.degree. C. The shaft furnace is of the type wherein a bed of particles descends by gravity through said furnace which has an upper section where ore pellets, lumps, or the like are reduced by reaction with a hot reducing gas, and a lower section of a downwardly tapering, preferably, in a generally conical shape, which converges to an outlet discharge orifice of smaller cross sectional area than the rest of said furnace. A heat-exchanging means, optionally combined with insulation, in contact with the external surface of the wall of said lower section permits control of the temperature of said wall, whereby solids-flow problems in the furnace are minimized, producing a smooth operation and the desired hot exit temperature of the discharged DRI all in a reactor of a practical foreshortened size.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于气体还原微粒铁矿石的方法和装置，其中通常称为DRI（直接还原铁）或海绵铁的还原矿石在垂直轴移动床炉中处理并从固体颗粒物从所述炉排出 在高温下形成，例如 竖炉是其中颗粒床通过重力下降通过所述炉的类型，其具有通过与热还原气体反应而减少矿石颗粒，团块等的上部，并且较低的 向下渐缩的，优选为大致圆锥形的部分，其会聚到比所述炉的其余部分更小的横截面面积的出口排出孔。 任选地与绝缘体组合的与所述下部壁的外表面接触的热交换装置允许控制所述壁的温度，由此使炉中的固体流动问题最小化，产生平稳的操作，并且 排出的DRI的所需热出口温度全部在实际的缩短尺寸的反应器中。
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公开(公告)号：US4427135A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-24
申请号：US207388
申请日：1980-11-17
CPC分类号： G01F11/24
摘要： A rotary valve adapted to be used in regulating the flow of a particulate material comprises a casing with inlet and outlet conduits and a rotor mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis in the casing. The rotor has a ring of open and closed pockets to meter the particulate material passing through the valve and its periphery is spaced inwardly from the interior of the casing an amount sufficient to prevent squeezing and disintegration of the particulate material between the rotor and inlet conduit. A baffle structure is provided to prevent particulate material from flowing downwardly in the space between the rotor and casing at the up-turning of the rotor.
摘要翻译： 适用于调节颗粒材料流动的旋转阀包括具有入口和出口导管的壳体和安装成围绕壳体中的水平轴线旋转的转子。 转子具有开放和闭合的口袋环，以测量通过阀的颗粒材料，并且其周边与壳体内部向内间隔开足以防止颗粒材料在转子和入口导管之间挤压和分解的量。 提供挡板结构以防止在转子的上转时颗粒材料在转子和壳体之间的空间中向下流动。
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公开(公告)号：US4298190A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-03
申请号：US9684
申请日：1979-02-05
申请人： Patrick W. MacKay
发明人： Patrick W. MacKay
CPC分类号： C22B5/12 , C21B13/04 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/143
摘要： An improvement in a method for the batchwise gaseous reduction of iron ore to sponge iron in a multiple unit reactor system including a cooling reactor and a series of reduction reactors. Reduction is effected with a gas composed largely of carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by reforming a mixture of steam and natural gas or other gaseous hydrocarbons at an elevated temperature. The reducing gas pressure drop through the system is decreased by using an out-of-line cooling reactor and cooling gas loop, thereby making it feasible to use three or more reduction reactors in series and thus enhance the efficiency of utilization of the reducing gas. Also the use of an out-of-line cooling reactor permits independent control of both the gas flow rate and gas composition in the cooling loop.
摘要翻译： 在包括冷却反应器和一系列还原反应器的多单元反应器系统中对铁矿石到海绵铁的间歇气态还原方法的改进。 通过在升高的温度下重整蒸汽和天然气或其它气态烃的混合物而产生的主要由一氧化碳和氢气组成的气体进行还原。 通过使用离线式冷却反应器和冷却气体回路，通过系统的还原气体压降降低，从而使得可以串联使用三个或更多个还原反应器，从而提高还原气体的利用效率。 此外，使用离线冷却反应器可以独立控制冷却回路中的气体流速和气体成分。
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公开(公告)号：US4427136A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-24
申请号：US289997
申请日：1981-08-04
摘要： A rotary valve adapted to be used in regulating the flow of a particulate material comprises a casing with inlet and outlet conduits and a rotor mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis in the casing. The rotor has a ring of partially closed pockets to meter the particulate material passing through the valve and its periphery is spaced inwardly from the interior of the casing an amount sufficient to prevent squeezing and disintegration of the particulate material between the rotor and inlet conduit. A baffle prevents particulate material from flowing downwardly in the space between the rotor and casing at the up-turning of the rotor.
摘要翻译： 适用于调节颗粒材料流动的旋转阀包括具有入口和出口导管的壳体和安装成围绕壳体中的水平轴线旋转的转子。 转子具有一部分封闭的口袋环，用于计量穿过该阀的颗粒材料，并且其周边与壳体内部向内间隔开足以防止颗粒材料在转子和入口导管之间挤压和分解的量。 在转子的上转时，挡板防止颗粒材料在转子和壳体之间的空间中向下流动。
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公开(公告)号：US4153450A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-08
申请号：US908764
申请日：1978-05-23
CPC分类号： C21B13/0073 , C21B13/02 , C22B5/12 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/143
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring and controlling the percentage reduction of iron ore in a vertical shaft, moving bed, gaseous reduction reactor. Reducing gas comprising hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is fed from a source of such gas to the bottom of the reduction zone of the reactor and is heated to an elevated temperature before being introduced into the reactor. The flow and composition of the reducing gas are determined at a first location before the gas enters the reactor. The effluent gas from the reactor is cooled and its flow and composition determined at a second location after the gas has been cooled. The measured flows and compositions are correlated with the rate of sponge iron production to obtain a measurement of percentage reduction of the ore and this measurement is used, either manually or automatically, to regulate the rate of removal of sponge iron from the reactor to maintain the percentage reduction at a predetermined desired value.
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