公开(公告)号：US4404548A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-13

申请号：US271187

申请日：1981-06-08

申请人： Peter Mueller ,  Eugen Schibli ,  Andreas Scheidweiler ,  Jurg Muggli

发明人： Peter Mueller ,  Eugen Schibli ,  Andreas Scheidweiler ,  Jurg Muggli

IPC分类号： G08B25/00 ,  G08B17/00 ,  G08B26/00 ,  G08B29/02 ,  G08B29/06

CPC分类号： G08B26/005 ,  G08B17/00

摘要： In a fire alarm system individual fire alarms are connected in series by reporting lines with a central signal station. In order to be able to connect a greater number of fire alarms with the individual reporting or signaling lines and/or in order to be able to dispatch an increased amount of current through the reporting lines, the reporting or signaling lines from the last fire alarm of a line are returned back to the central signal station in the form of a ring circuit or loop. Upon the absence of signals at a reporting line an interrogation device is reversed, so that there can be ensured that in the event of a line disturbance or breakdown of a fire alarm the remainder of the fire alarms still can be utilized for giving a signal. The individual fire alarms are structured such that during assembly the inputs and outputs can be mutually interchanged.

摘要翻译： 在火灾报警系统中，通过向中央信号站报告线路，各个火灾报警器串联连接。 为了能够将更多数量的火警与各个报告或信令线路连接起来，和/或为了能够通过报告线路发送增加的电流，报告或信令线路从最后的火灾报警 一行以环形电路或回路的形式返回到中央信号站。 在报告线路上没有信号时，询问装置被反转，从而可以确保在线路干扰或火灾报警器故障的情况下，剩余的火灾报警器仍然可以用于给出信号。 各个火灾报警器的结构使得在组装期间，输入和输出可以相互互换。

公开(公告)号：US4612534A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-16

申请号：US494966

申请日：1983-04-19

申请人： Richard Buehler ,  Jurg Muggli ,  Andreas Scheidweiler ,  Eugen Schibli

发明人： Richard Buehler ,  Jurg Muggli ,  Andreas Scheidweiler ,  Eugen Schibli

IPC分类号： H04L25/02 ,  G08B26/00 ,  G08B29/18

CPC分类号： G08B29/24 ,  G08B26/005

摘要： Measuring stations or locations are connected in cascade to signal lines and transmit measured or measuring values to a central signal station at which the measured values are linked or appropriately processed so as to obtain distinct malfunction or alarm signals. Upon activation of the monitoring system all measuring stations are disconnected by a change in voltage appearing on the signal line. Then, the measuring stations are reconnected to the signal line in a timewise staggered fashion by means of switching elements present at each measuring station in such a manner that each measuring station additionally reconnects a subsequent measuring station to the line voltage after a predetermined time-delay. Address storages are present at the measuring stations and are charged or occupied in a predetermined sequence by the central signal station with addresses associated with the individual measuring stations. The address storages are thereafter locked prior to the time that the next following measuring station at the same signal line is connected to the signal voltage by the switching element.

摘要翻译： 测量站或位置级联连接到信号线，并将测量值或测量值传输到中心信号站，在这个中心信号站处测量值被链接或适当处理，以获得明显的故障或报警信号。 在启动监控系统后，所有测量站都会因信号线上出现的电压变化而断开。 然后，测量站以时间交错的方式通过存在于每个测量站处的开关元件以这样的方式重新连接到信号线，使得每个测量站在预定的时间延迟之后另外将后续的测量站重新连接到线路电压 。 地址存储器存在于测量站处，并且由具有与各个测量站相关联的地址的中央信号站以预定的顺序充电或占用。 之后，在同一信号线的下一个后续测量站通过开关元件连接到信号电压的时间之前，地址存储器被锁定。

公开(公告)号：US4582996A

公开(公告)日：1986-04-15

申请号：US476992

申请日：1983-03-21

申请人： Andreas Scheidweiler ,  Jurg Muggli ,  Bernhard Durrer

发明人： Andreas Scheidweiler ,  Jurg Muggli ,  Bernhard Durrer

IPC分类号： G01N27/64 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/113 ,  H01B17/32

CPC分类号： G08B17/113

摘要： Due to aging of the insulating materials arranged between the electrodes in ionization fire alarms or detectors the insulating efficiency of these thus formed so-called insulating paths or spans deteriorates in the course of time despite, or maybe even due to the cleaning operations performed upon such ionization fire alarms. To ensure that the insulating capacity does not fall below a critical value the insulating path or span is formed by at least two different insulating materials. The materials are arranged in such a manner that the creepage path between the electrodes extends across all the different insulating materials. This principle also may be applied to other measuring devices which require a high input resistance of an amplifier stage.

摘要翻译： 由于在电离火灾报警器或检测器中布置在电极之间的绝缘材料的老化，因此形成的所谓绝缘路径或跨度的绝缘效率在时间过程中恶化，尽管或者甚至由于在这种情况下执行的清洁操作 电离火灾报警器。 为了确保绝缘容量不低于临界值，绝缘路径或跨度由至少两种不同的绝缘材料形成。 这些材料以这样的方式布置，即电极之间的爬电路径延伸穿过所有不同的绝缘材料。 该原理也可以应用于需要放大器级的高输入电阻的其它测量装置。

公开(公告)号：US4568924A

公开(公告)日：1986-02-04

申请号：US660076

申请日：1984-10-12

申请人： Alfred Wuthrich ,  Jurg Muggli ,  Andreas Scheidweiler

发明人： Alfred Wuthrich ,  Jurg Muggli ,  Andreas Scheidweiler

IPC分类号： G08B17/06 ,  G08B23/00 ,  G08B29/18 ,  H01H23/00 ,  G08B17/00 ,  G08B29/00

CPC分类号： G08B29/185 ,  G08B29/24

摘要： In the apparatus for signalling an alarm, for example, in a gas or fire detecting installation, a detector is reset after a first response and the time duration until the next-following detector response is determined and classified with respect to three classes of time periods. When the time duration until the further detector response is beyond a predetermined upper or outer time limit, no alarm signal is released and the apparatus returns into its original state. When the further detector response occurs between two time limits, the alarm is immediately signalled. When the further detector response occurs prior to a lower one of the two time limits, there is carried out still one further test during which the detector is once again reset. The alarm signal will only be released if an additional further detector response is still observed prior to the upper time limit. In this manner the reliability of alarm signalling can be enhanced and the frequency of the occurrence of false alarms, particularly due to the occurrence of short-time or brief spurious conditions, can be significantly reduced.

摘要翻译： 在用于发出警报的装置中，例如在气体或火灾检测装置中，在第一响应之后复位检测器，并且确定下一个检测器响应的持续时间，并且相对于三个等级的时间段被分类 。 当进一步的检测器响应的持续时间超过预定的上限或超出时间限制时，不会释放报警信号，并且装置返回其初始状态。 当进一步的检测器响应发生在两个时间限制之间时，立即发出报警信号。 当进一步的检测器响应发生在两个时间限制中的较低的一个之前时，仍然进行另外一个进一步的测试，在此期间检测器再次复位。 如果在更高的时间限制之前仍然观察到额外的另外的检测器响应，则报警信号将被释放。 以这种方式，可以提高警报信号的可靠性，并且可以显着地减少特别是由于发生短时间或短暂的杂散条件而发生假警报的频率。

公开(公告)号：US4568919A

公开(公告)日：1986-02-04

申请号：US552903

申请日：1983-11-16

申请人： Jurg Muggli ,  Peter Mueller ,  Hansjurg Waelti ,  Eugen G. Schibli ,  Max Grimm

发明人： Jurg Muggli ,  Peter Mueller ,  Hansjurg Waelti ,  Eugen G. Schibli ,  Max Grimm

IPC分类号： G08B25/00 ,  G08B25/01 ,  G08B26/00 ,  G08B29/00 ,  G08B29/02 ,  G08B29/06

CPC分类号： G08B26/005

摘要： In the monitoring system which is intended for buildings, rooms and objects a multitude of measuring or detecting and signaling stations are series connected to a central signal station. Each of the detecting and signalling stations transmits information about its instantaneous state, which may be any one of standby, warning, alarm, malfunction, to the central signal station by means of an electronic circuit member. The electronic circuit member affords the following advantages: identification of the number and of the location of the detecting and signalling station in the case of changes in the state of the detecting and signalling station; detection and localization of malfunctions such as a short-circuit or an interruption in the signal line; cut-off of the short-circuited signal line section from the remaining signal line; saving of installation expense; greater flexibility in the evaluation of the states of the detecting and signalling stations and in the initiation of appropriate measures or counter-actions; operation of control devices via the signal line; monitoring of the electronic circuit member.

摘要翻译： 在用于建筑物，房间和物体的监测系统中，许多测量或检测和信号站串联连接到中央信号站。 每个检测和信号站通过电子电路部件将有关其瞬时状态的信息发送到中央信号站，该状态可以是待机，警告，报警，故障中的任何一个。 电子电路构件具有以下优点：在检测和信号站状态发生变化的情况下识别检测和信令站的位置和位置; 检测和定位信号线中的短路或中断等故障; 从剩余信号线切断短路信号线部分; 节省安装费用; 更大的灵活性来评估检测和信号站的状态，并开始适当的措施或反作用; 经由信号线操作控制装置; 电子电路部件的监视。

公开(公告)号：US4555634A

公开(公告)日：1985-11-26

申请号：US439059

申请日：1982-11-03

申请人： Jurg Muggli ,  Heinz Guttinger ,  Zoltan Horvath

发明人： Jurg Muggli ,  Heinz Guttinger ,  Zoltan Horvath

IPC分类号： G01N21/53 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/107 ,  G08B29/04 ,  G08B29/24

CPC分类号： G08B29/043 ,  G08B17/107 ,  G08B17/113 ,  G08B29/24

摘要： A smoke detector is disclosed having a radiation source operated in a pulsed mode. Externally of a direct radiation region of the radiation source there is arranged a radiation receiver which, in the presence of smoke or other particles emanating from a combustion process and located in the radiation region, is impinged by scattered radiation and delivers an output signal to an evaluation circuit. The evaluation circuit contains switching elements which, when the number of source output signals or pulses exceeds a predetermined threshold value for the number of source output pulses, delivers an alarm signal. Near to the radiation receiver there is arranged a reference cell in the direct radiation beam of the radiation source, this reference cell controlling the emission of radiation by the radiation source. Further, there is provided circuitry which, in the presence of a slow change in the amplitude of the receiver output pulse, adjusts an amplitude threshold value set for the amplitude of the receiver output pulse at a rate corresponding to a time-constant of more than one minute. Consequently, there is obtained an output signal of the radiation receiver which is dependent upon the smoke density and which is independent of the contamination or soiling of the smoke detector.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有以脉冲模式操作的辐射源的烟雾探测器。 在辐射源的直接辐射区域外部布置有辐射接收器，其在存在来自燃烧过程并位于辐射区域中的烟雾或其它颗粒的情况下，被散射辐射撞击并将输出信号传递到 评估电路。 评估电路包含开关元件，当源极输出信号或脉冲的数量超过源极输出脉冲数量的预定阈值时，传递报警信号。 在辐射接收器附近，在辐射源的直接辐射束中布置参考单元，该参考单元控制辐射源的辐射发射。 此外，提供的电路在接收机输出脉冲的振幅的缓慢变化的存在下，以对应于大于等于的时间常数的速率调整为接收器输出脉冲的振幅设定的振幅阈值 等一下。 因此，获得了取决于烟雾密度并且与烟雾探测器的污染或污染无关的辐射接收器的输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US4547675A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-15

申请号：US328403

申请日：1981-12-07

申请人： Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

发明人： Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

IPC分类号： G01N21/59 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/24

摘要： A smoke detector contains two radiation transmitters and two radiation receivers. Each of the radiation transmitters emits in a different spectral region, for instance, one emits above and the other one below 600 nm. One part of the radiation of both radiation transmitters is conducted via a measuring path, which is accessible to smoke, to one of the receivers constituting a measuring radiation receiver, and another part of such radiation is conducted via a comparison path, which is not accessible to smoke, to the other of the receivers constituting a comparison radiation receiver. Connected to both radiation receivers is an evaluation circuit which forms from the measuring radiation intensities prevailing in the two spectral regions and from the comparison radiation intensities prevailing in the same spectral regions a function of the type: ##EQU1## By suitably adjusting or selecting the components of the evaluation circuit, the coefficients a and b are selected such that in the absence of smoke in the measuring path, A becomes zero and in the presence of smoke such is proportional to the smoke density.

摘要翻译： 烟雾探测器包含两个辐射发射器和两个辐射接收器。 每个辐射发射器在不同的光谱区域发射，例如，一个发射在600nm以下，另一个在600nm以下。 两个辐射发射器的辐射的一部分通过可吸烟的测量路径被传送到构成测量辐射接收器的接收器中的一个，并且这种辐射的另一部分经由不可接近的比较路径 吸收构成比较辐射接收器的另一个接收器。 连接到两个辐射接收器的是评估电路，其由两个光谱区域中存在的测量辐射强度和从相同光谱区域中的比较辐射强度形成的类型的函数形成：通过适当地调整或选择部件 选择系数a和b，使得在测量路径中没有烟雾时，A变为零，并且在存在烟雾的情况下与烟雾密度成正比。

公开(公告)号：US4356478A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-26

申请号：US140464

申请日：1980-04-17

申请人： Jurg Muggli ,  Peter Muller

发明人： Jurg Muggli ,  Peter Muller

IPC分类号： G01K5/62 ,  G08B17/06 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/107 ,  G08B17/113 ,  H01H37/32 ,  H01H37/52 ,  H01H37/60

CPC分类号： G08B17/107 ,  G08B17/06 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/113

摘要： A fire alarm is provided with a temperature sensitive element formed of a shape memory alloy, which following cold working, upon heating to a critical temperature, typically for instance about 70.degree. C., returns to the original impressed shape and also retains this shape even after subsequent recooling. Due to the movement of the element there is triggered a self-holding alarm signal, either directly by closing contacts or indirectly. Resetting of the fire alarm can be accomplished by mechanically cold working the element, or by using two-way shape memory alloys through cooling to a lower temperature threshold which can be below room or ambient temperature. A further beneficial construction is realized by combining the arrangement with a different type of fire detection or sensing element, for instance by arranging a shape memory alloy element in a scattered radiation-smoke detector. Upon reaching a critical temperature, the shape memory alloy element moves into the radiation region, or when used in an ionization fire alarm, the shape memory alloy element screens the radioactive radiation source and reduces the ionic current. Suitable shape memory alloys are, by way of example, nickel 55/titanium 45, or nickel 45/titanium 45/copper 10.

摘要翻译： 火灾警报器设有由形状记忆合金形成的温度敏感元件，其在冷加工之后，加热到临界温度（通常例如约70℃）时，恢复到原始的压印形状，并且还保持该形状甚至 后续重新冷却。 由于元件的移动，触发自保持报警信号，直接通过闭合触点或间接触发。 火灾报警器的复位可以通过机械冷加工元件或通过冷却至低于室温或室温的较低温度阈值使用双向形状记忆合金来实现。 通过将布置与不同类型的火灾探测或感测元件组合，例如通过在散射辐射 - 烟雾探测器中布置形状记忆合金元件来实现进一步的有益结构。 当达到临界温度时，形状记忆合金元素移动到辐射区域，或者当用于电离火灾报警器时，形状记忆合金元件屏蔽放射性辐射源并降低离子电流。 合适的形状记忆合金是例如镍55 /钛45或镍45 /钛45 /铜10。

公开(公告)号：US4506161A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-19

申请号：US386247

申请日：1982-06-08

申请人： Jurg Muggli ,  Heinz Guttinger

发明人： Jurg Muggli ,  Heinz Guttinger

IPC分类号： G01N21/53 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/107

CPC分类号： G08B17/107

摘要： A smoke detector contains a pulse-operated radiation source and a radiation receiver arranged externally of the region directly irradiated by the radiation source. The radiation receiver, in the presence of smoke in the radiation region, is impinged by scattered radiation and delivers output pulses. There is provided an evaluation circuit which generates a blocking pulse, and which inputs a resetting signal to a counter device in consequence of the difference of the blocking pulse and output pulse of the radiation receiver. The counter or counting device, in the absence of a resetting signal, is switched further and upon reaching a predetermined counter state triggers an alarm signal. High-frequency electrical disturbances which arise, as long as the radiation source delivers radiation pulses, at most can generate an additional resetting signal for the counter, so that the integrity of the smoke detector against triggering of false alarms is enhanced. If there is connected in parallel to the radiation receiver a NTC-resistor, then there is obtained a smoke detector which responds to a further combustion criterion (temperature).

摘要翻译： 烟雾探测器包含脉冲操作的辐射源和布置在由辐射源直接照射的区域的外部的辐射接收器。 辐射接收器在辐射区域内存在烟雾时，被散射辐射照射并输出输出脉冲。 提供了一种评估电路，其产生阻塞脉冲，并且由于辐射接收器的阻塞脉冲和输出脉冲的差异而将复位信号输入到计数器件。 在没有复位信号的情况下，计数器或计数装置被进一步切换，并且在达到预定的计数器状态时触发报警信号。 只要辐射源传送辐射脉冲最多可产生额外的计数器复位信号，就会产生高频电扰动，从而提高烟雾探测器的完整性，防止误报警。 如果与辐射接收器并联连接NTC电阻，则获得响应于另外的燃烧标准（温度）的烟雾探测器。

公开(公告)号：US4249168A

公开(公告)日：1981-02-03

申请号：US31783

申请日：1979-04-20

申请人： Jurg Muggli

发明人： Jurg Muggli

IPC分类号： F23N5/08 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G08B17/12

CPC分类号： G08B17/12 ,  F23N5/082 ,  F23N2029/14

摘要： The detector has first and second circuits which are interconnected. The first circuit senses the emission of a flame at least in the wavelength range of carbon dioxide and produces square-wave signals corresponding to the flicker frequency. The second circuit senses short wavelength emission with a wavelength shorter than 3 .mu.m and produces square-wave signals corresponding to the flicker frequency of the emission. The interconnecting means permits the alarm means to be activated only when the first circuit signals and the second circuit signals are present simultaneously and with the same direction, to indicate that the flicker frequency is the same for both emissions. An integrator prevents spurious coinciding signals from resulting in an alarm and a reset circuit periodically resets the integrator. Various specific photoelectric means are described.

摘要翻译： 检测器具有互连的第一和第二电路。 第一电路至少在二氧化碳的波长范围内感测火焰的发射，并产生对应于闪烁频率的方波信号。 第二电路感测波长短于3μm的短波发射，产生与发射的闪烁频率对应的方波信号。 互连装置允许报警装置仅在第一电路信号和第二电路信号同时存在并具有相同方向时被激活，以指示两个发射的闪烁频率相同。 积分器可以防止杂散信号产生报警，复位电路会周期性地复位积分器。 描述各种具体的光电装置。