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1.发明授权Rapid and accurate detection of bone quality using ultrasound critical angle reflectometry 失效使用超声临界角反射计快速准确地检测骨质量公开(公告)号：US07611465B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-03
申请号：US10630330
申请日：2003-07-30
IPC分类号： A61B8/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0048 , A61B8/0875 , A61B8/485
摘要： The present invention is an apparatus, method and system for determining the coefficient of elasticity of a target by detecting determining simultaneously two or more critical-angle reflections of an ultrasound wave from the target using an ultrasound transducer that includes a transmitter and two or more receivers and calculating the elasticity coefficients of the target.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种用于通过使用包括发射器和两个或更多个接收器的超声换能器同时检测来自目标的来自目标的超声波的两个或多个临界角反射来确定目标的弹性系数的装置，方法和系统 并计算目标的弹性系数。
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公开(公告)号：US20080125653A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-29
申请号：US11563499
申请日：2006-11-27
申请人： Peter P. Antich , Charles Y. C. Pak
发明人： Peter P. Antich , Charles Y. C. Pak
IPC分类号： A61B8/00
CPC分类号： A61B8/0875
摘要： The present invention is an apparatus, method and system for determining cancellous or cortical bone density, cortical bone thickness, bone strength, bone fracture risk, bone architecture and bone quality by acoustically coupling an ultrasound transducer to nearby skin over a bone, reflecting one or more pulses produced by the ultrasound transducer from the bone, and detecting the reflected pulse reflected by the bone, wherein bone porosity and other properties are calculated at a low frequency, a high frequency or both a low and a high frequency.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种用于通过将超声换能器通过声学耦合到骨骼上的附近皮肤来确定松质骨或皮层骨密度，皮质骨厚度，骨强度，骨折风险，骨架构和骨质量的装置，方法和系统， 由骨骼产生的超声换能器产生的更多的脉冲，并且检测由骨骼反射的反射脉冲，其中在低频率，高频率或低频率和高频率下计算骨孔隙率和其它性质。
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3.发明授权.sup.19 F labelled antibodies and fragments thereof as NMR imaging and spectroscopy agents 失效19F标记的抗体及其片段作为NMR成像和光谱学试剂
公开(公告)号：US5422094A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US107287
申请日：1993-08-16
申请人： Peter P. Antich , Padmakar Kulkarni
发明人： Peter P. Antich , Padmakar Kulkarni
CPC分类号： A61K49/126 , A61K49/085 , A61K49/10 , A61K49/146 , Y10S436/806 , Y10S514/832 , Y10T436/24
摘要： .sup.19 F labelled antibodies are disclosed which are useful in methods of NMR imaging and spectroscopy. The compositions comprise a .sup.19 F-containing sensor moiety and an antibody, preferably a monoclonal antibody, and can optionally also comprise a spacer moiety to separate the sensor moiety and the antibody.
摘要翻译： 公开了19F标记的抗体，其可用于NMR成像和光谱学方法。 组合物包含含19F的传感器部分和抗体，优选单克隆抗体，并且还可以任选地包含用于分离传感器部分和抗体的间隔部分。
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4.发明授权Wide wavelength range high efficiency avalanche light detector with negative feedback 失效宽波长范围高效雪崩光检测器，带负反馈公开(公告)号：US06222209B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-24
申请号：US09201541
申请日：1998-11-30
IPC分类号： H01L310352
CPC分类号： H01L31/115 , H01L31/107
摘要： A novel use of a solid state light detector with a low impedance substrate is described. Light that enters the substrate after traversing the antireflective layer creates an electron-hole pair. The electrons are collected in a crystalline epitaxial layer that spans the space charge region, or depletion layer. A high electric field accelerates free electrons inside the depletion region. The electrons collide with the lattice to free more holes and electrons resulting from the presence of an n-p junction, or diode. The diode is formed by placing the crystalline layer which has positive doping in close proximity with the electrodes which have negative doping. The continual generation of charge carriers results in avalanche multiplication with a large multiplication coefficient. During the avalanche process, electrons can be collected enabling light detection. A resistive layer is used to quench, or stop, the avalanche process.
摘要翻译： 描述了具有低阻抗衬底的固态光检测器的新颖使用。 在穿过抗反射层之后进入衬底的光产生电子 - 空穴对。 电子被收集在跨越空间电荷区域或耗尽层的晶体外延层中。 高电场加速耗尽区内的自由电子。 电子与晶格碰撞以释放由n-p结或二极管的存在产生的更多的空穴和电子。 二极管是通过将具有正掺杂的结晶层放置在具有负掺杂的电极附近而形成的。 电荷载体的连续产生导致具有大倍增系数的雪崩乘法。 在雪崩过程中，可以收集能够进行光检测的电子。 电阻层用于淬火或停止雪崩过程。
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5.发明授权Semiconductor radiation detectors with intrinsic avalanche multiplication in self-limiting mode of operation 失效具有自限制运行模式的固有雪崩倍增的半导体辐射探测器
公开(公告)号：US5880490A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-09
申请号：US901212
申请日：1997-07-28
IPC分类号： G01T1/24 , H01L31/09 , H01L31/107 , H01L31/115 , H01L31/0328
CPC分类号： H01L31/107 , H01L31/115
摘要： The disclosed invention includes an apparatus and method for detecting radiation in a detector. The radiation to be detected ionizes the atoms in the intrinsic silicon lattice of the detector to produce a small signal of freed elections. The small signal is then amplified by avalanche multiplication in a self-limiting manner by preventing the amplified electrons from traveling through a resistive layer, thereby reducing the electric field to limit the avalanche multiplication. An imaging system incorporating the new detector design is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 所公开的发明包括用于检测检测器中的辐射的装置和方法。 要检测的辐射电离了检测器的本征硅晶格中的原子，以产生一个小的信号的自由选举。 然后通过防止放大的电子穿过电阻层而以自限制的方式通过雪崩倍增放大小信号，从而减小电场以限制雪崩倍增。 还公开了一种结合新检测器设计的成像系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5583908A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-10
申请号：US411387
申请日：1995-03-28
IPC分类号： G01T1/29 , G01T5/08 , G01N23/201
CPC分类号： G01T1/201 , A61B6/037 , G01T1/2985
摘要： Apparatus for generating a high contrast image of a living subject includes an X-ray source capable of generating an X-ray beam having an energy between about 4 MeV and about 40 MeV, means for directing the X-ray beam generated by the X-ray source to a preselected area of the body of a living subject, and at least one scintillating detector capable of detecting photons which are generated as a result of the interaction of the X-ray beam with the body of the living subject.
摘要翻译： 用于产生活体的高对比度图像的装置包括能够产生具有约4MeV至约40MeV之间的能量的X射线束的X射线源，用于引导由X射线束产生的X射线束的装置， 射线源到活体的身体的预选区域，以及至少一个闪烁检测器，其能够检测由于X射线束与活体的身体的相互作用而产生的光子。
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公开(公告)号：US5334839A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US38677
申请日：1993-03-26
申请人： Jon A. Anderson , Peter P. Antich
发明人： Jon A. Anderson , Peter P. Antich
CPC分类号： G01T1/201 , G01T1/1642 , G01T1/2914 , G01T1/2985 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/4258
摘要： An apparatus and method are disclosed for detecting and locating the origin of a gamma ray in a medical diagnostic imaging system. At least one primary fiber, which is a scintillating optical fiber, is positioned to receive radiation from a gamma ray source. At least one secondary fiber intersects the primary fiber at a non-zero angle. Both fibers have a core surrounded by a cladding, with the claddings of the two fibers in optical contact at an intersection point. Both the primary and secondary fibers are provided with means for detecting light propagated in the fibers. The interaction of radiation such as a gamma ray with the primary fiber will result in the propagation of light in both the primary and secondary fibers, thereby permitting the determination of the site of impact of the gamma ray in the detector, and possibly also enabling the determination of the path of incidence of the gamma ray.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于检测和定位医学诊断成像系统中的伽马射线原点的装置和方法。 作为闪烁光纤的至少一个主要光纤被定位成接收来自伽马射线源的辐射。 至少一个次级光纤以非零角度与主光纤相交。 两个纤维都具有被包层包围的芯，两个光纤的包层在交点处是光学接触的。 主纤维和次纤维均具有用于检测在纤维中传播的光的装置。 诸如γ射线的辐射与主纤维的相互作用将导致光在主纤维和次纤维中的传播，从而允许确定检测器中γ射线的冲击位置，并且还可以使 确定伽马射线的入射路径。
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公开(公告)号：US5281821A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-25
申请号：US784593
申请日：1991-10-29
CPC分类号： G01T1/201 , G01T1/2914 , G01T1/2985
摘要： An apparatus and method are disclosed for detecting and locating the origin of a gamma ray in a medical diagnostic imaging system. At least one primary fiber, which is a scintillating optical fiber, is positioned to receive radiation from a gamma ray source. At least one secondary fiber intersects the primary fiber at a non-zero angle and is in optical contact with the primary fiber. Both the primary and secondary fibers are provided with means for detecting light propagated in the fibers. The interaction of a gamma ray with the primary fiber will result in the propagation of light in both the primary and secondary fibers, thereby permitting the determination of the site of impact of the gamma ray in the detector, and possibly also enabling the determination of the path of incidence of the gamma ray.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于检测和定位医学诊断成像系统中的伽马射线原点的装置和方法。 作为闪烁光纤的至少一个主要光纤被定位成接收来自伽马射线源的辐射。 至少一个次级光纤以非零角度与主光纤相交，并与主光纤光学接触。 主纤维和次纤维均具有用于检测在纤维中传播的光的装置。 伽马射线与主纤维的相互作用将导致光在主纤维和次纤维中的传播，从而允许确定检测器中γ射线的冲击位置，并且还可以确定 伽马射线的入射路径。
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公开(公告)号：US5197475A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-30
申请号：US717025
申请日：1991-06-18
CPC分类号： G01N29/07 , A61B8/0875 , A61B8/485 , G01N2291/102 , G01N2291/269
摘要： Apparatus is disclosed for investigating the mechanical properties of a solid material such as bone, including means for positioning the apparatus in proximity to a surface of the material, at least one emitting ultrasound transducer, at least one receiving ultrasound transducer positioned to received ultrasound waves that have been emitted and have contacted the surface of the material, means for varying the angle of incidence of the emitted ultrasound wave towards the material, means for determining the alignment of the surface of the material with respect to the emitting and receiving ultrasound transdsucers, and signal analyzer means coupled to the receiving transducer for determining at least one characteristic of the received ultrasound wave which is indicative of a mechanical property of the material. A method is also disclosed of using such apparatus. The present invention permits the quick and efficient evaluation of treatment for osteoporosis, and whether that treatment has in fact reduced the tendency of a patient's bones to fracture.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于研究固体材料（例如骨）的机械性能的装置，包括用于将装置定位在材料表面附近的装置，至少一个发射超声换能器，至少一个接收超声波换能器，定位成接收超声波， 已经发射并且已经接触材料的表面，用于改变发射的超声波对材料的入射角的装置，用于确定材料的表面相对于发射和接收超声波转换器的对准的装置，以及 信号分析器装置，其耦合到所述接收换能器，用于确定所述接收到的超声波的至少一个特性，其表示所述材料的机械特性。 还公开了使用这种装置的方法。 本发明允许对骨质疏松症的治疗进行快速有效的评估，并且该治疗是否实际上减少了患者骨骼骨折的倾向。
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10.发明授权Method of using a wide wavelength range high efficiency avalanche light detector with negative feedback 失效使用具有负反馈的宽波长范围高效率雪崩光检测器的方法公开(公告)号：US06353238B2
公开(公告)日：2002-03-05
申请号：US09840771
申请日：2001-04-23
IPC分类号： H01L310352
CPC分类号： H01L31/115 , H01L31/107
摘要： A novel use of a solid state light detector with a low impedance substrate is described. Light that enters the substrate after traversing the antireflective layer creates an electron-hole pair. The electrons are collected in a crystalline epitaxial layer that spans the space charge region, or depletion layer. A high electric field accelerates free electrons inside the depletion region. The electrons collide with the lattice to free more holes and electrons resulting from the presence of a n-p junction, or diode. The diode is formed by placing the crystalline layer which has positive doping in close proximity with the electrodes which have negative doping. The continual generation of charge carriers results in avalanche multiplication with a large multiplication coefficient. During the avalanche process, electrons can be collected enabling light detection. A resistive layer is used to quench, or stop, the avalanche process.
摘要翻译： 描述了具有低阻抗衬底的固态光检测器的新颖使用。 在穿过抗反射层之后进入衬底的光产生电子 - 空穴对。 电子被收集在跨越空间电荷区域或耗尽层的晶体外延层中。 高电场加速耗尽区内的自由电子。 电子与晶格碰撞以释放由n-p结或二极管的存在产生的更多的空穴和电子。 二极管是通过将具有正掺杂的结晶层放置在具有负掺杂的电极附近而形成的。 电荷载体的连续产生导致具有大倍增系数的雪崩乘法。 在雪崩过程中，可以收集能够进行光检测的电子。 电阻层用于淬火或停止雪崩过程。
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