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1.发明授权Pressure-resistant encapsulated air-gap arrangement for the draining off of damaging perturbances due to overvoltages 失效用于消除由于过电压引起的有害扰动的耐压缩封装气隙布置公开(公告)号：US06788519B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US10181969
申请日：2002-08-06
IPC分类号： H02H100
摘要： A spark-gap arrangement encapsulated in a pressure-proof housing, for diverting harmful disturbances due to overvoltage, including at least two electrodes disposed substantially opposite one another in a housing that is conductive or provided with a conductive coating, between which a discharge space is formed and which are insulated from the housing. In accordance with the spark-gap arrangement a trigger voltage to form a subsidiary spark gap in the discharge space can be applied directly by the conductive housing, so that by the subsidiary spark gap the main spark gap between the main electrodes can be ignited.
摘要翻译： 一种封装在耐压壳体中的火花间隙装置，用于转移由于过电压引起的有害干扰，包括至少两个彼此相对设置的电极，该壳体在导电或设置有导电涂层的壳体中，放电空间 形成并与壳体绝缘。 根据火花隙布置，可以通过导电壳体直接施加在放电空间中形成辅助火花隙的触发电压，使得通过辅助火花间隙可以点燃主电极之间的主火花间隙。
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2.发明授权Compact arrangement for multipole, surge-proof surge arresters and encapsulated surge arrester for the same 失效用于多极，防浪涌电涌放电器和封装的避雷器紧凑的布置公开(公告)号：US07271992B2
公开(公告)日：2007-09-18
申请号：US10416531
申请日：2001-11-27
申请人： Georg Wittmann , Edmund Zaeuner , Peter Zahlmann , Arnd Erhardt , Bernhard Krauss , Michael Waffler , Stefan Hierl
发明人： Georg Wittmann , Edmund Zaeuner , Peter Zahlmann , Arnd Erhardt , Bernhard Krauss , Michael Waffler , Stefan Hierl
IPC分类号： H02H9/00
CPC分类号： H01T4/06
摘要： A compact arrangement for multipole, surge-protected surge arresters, including internally wired, encapsulated series gaps arranged essentially in parallel in a housing. The series gaps have opposite-lying, projecting contact surfaces connected to outer terminals and inner contact bars or bridges. An electronic control or trigger circuit is located on a wiring support. The housing includes dividing walls and has a trough shape, the resulting housing chambers accommodating the gaps and terminals. An insulating plate with openings into which spring contact elements are introduced is provided on the housing trough which opens upwards. Located above the insulating plate is the wiring. The spring contact elements create the electrical connection between contact points on the underside of the wiring support and the cover of one of the series gaps, respectively. Further, an encapsulated surge protector includes a series gap arrangement with two metallic main electrodes lying coaxially to each other and at least partially overlapping each other and having connections in opposite directions. The main electrodes form an arc chamber in conjunction with at least one insulation part. At least one of the main electrodes has an inner expansion chamber and a trigger electrode extending preferably radially or axially rotationally symmetrically is provided at least in the area of an outer insulation part.
摘要翻译： 一种用于多极，浪涌保护的避雷器的紧凑型布置，包括基本上平行布置在壳体中的内部布线的封装的串联间隙。 串联间隙具有连接到外部端子和内部接触杆或桥接件的相对的突出的接触表面。 电子控制或触发电路位于配线支架上。 壳体包括分隔壁并且具有槽形状，所得到的容纳室容纳间隙和端子。 具有开口的绝缘板，其中引入弹簧接触元件，其在向上开口的壳体槽处设置。 位于绝缘板上方的是布线。 弹簧接触元件分别在布线支撑件的下侧的接触点和一个串联间隙的盖子之间形成电连接。 此外，封装的电涌保护器包括具有彼此同轴并且至少部分地彼此重叠并且具有相反方向的连接的两个金属主电极的串联间隙布置。 主电极与至少一个绝缘部分结合形成电弧室。 主电极中的至少一个具有至少在外绝缘部分的区域中设置的内部膨胀室和优选地径向或轴向旋转对称延伸的触发器电极。
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公开(公告)号：US20080254655A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-16
申请号：US11883869
申请日：2006-01-03
申请人： Peter Zahlmann , Ralph Brocke , Edmund Zauner , Martin Strobl , Michael Waffler , Sascha Ludewig , Georg Wittmann , Stephan Hierl , Florian Gaeck , Bernhard Krauss , Jens Ehrler
发明人： Peter Zahlmann , Ralph Brocke , Edmund Zauner , Martin Strobl , Michael Waffler , Sascha Ludewig , Georg Wittmann , Stephan Hierl , Florian Gaeck , Bernhard Krauss , Jens Ehrler
IPC分类号： H01R4/66
CPC分类号： H01T4/06
摘要： The invention relates to a plug-in combination of appliances for protecting against overvoltages, said combination of appliances comprising: a socket-type lower part and at least one plug-in module, which can both receive overvoltage protection elements; contact elements and contact counter elements that are respectively arranged in the lower part and in the plug-in module; and complementary guide rails or guide grooves for inserting or pushing-on and fixing the respective plug-in module. According to the invention, functionally separated, mechanical catch or snap-in elements act between the respective plug-in module and the socket-type lower part independently of the forces which hold together the contact elements and the contact counter elements in a positively fixed and/or non-positively fixed manner when the plug-in module is in use. The catch or snap-in function can be cancelled without any mechanical auxiliary means when the respective plug-in module is to be replaced.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于防止过电压的电器的插入式组合，所述电器组合包括：插座型下部和至少一个插入式模块，其可以接收过电压保护元件; 分别布置在下部和插入模块中的接触元件和接触计数元件; 以及用于插入或推动和固定相应的插件模块的互补的导轨或引导槽。 根据本发明，功能上分离的机械卡扣或卡扣元件独立于相应的插入式模块和插座式下部之间的作用，而不管将接触元件和接触对置元件固定在一起的力是固定的和 /或插件模块使用时非积极固定的方式。 当要更换相应的插件模块时，可以取消没有任何机械辅助装置的卡扣或卡扣功能。
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公开(公告)号：US07806716B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-05
申请号：US11883869
申请日：2006-01-03
申请人： Peter Zahlmann , Ralph Brocke , Edmund Zäuner , Martin Strobl , Michael Waffler , Sascha Ludewig , Georg Wittmann , Stephan Hierl , Florian Gaeck , Bernhard Krauss , Jens Ehrler
发明人： Peter Zahlmann , Ralph Brocke , Edmund Zäuner , Martin Strobl , Michael Waffler , Sascha Ludewig , Georg Wittmann , Stephan Hierl , Florian Gaeck , Bernhard Krauss , Jens Ehrler
IPC分类号： H01R13/627
CPC分类号： H01T4/06
摘要： The invention relates to a plug-in combination of appliances for protecting against overvoltages, said combination of appliances comprising: a socket-type lower part and at least one plug-in module, which can both receive overvoltage protection elements; contact elements and contact counter elements that are respectively arranged in the lower part and in the plug-in module; and complementary guide rails or guide grooves for inserting or pushing-on and fixing the respective plug-in module. According to the invention, functionally separated, mechanical catch or snap-in elements act between the respective plug-in module and the socket-type lower part independently of the forces which hold together the contact elements and the contact counter elements in a positively fixed and/or non-positively fixed manner when the plug-in module is in use. The catch or snap-in function can be cancelled without any mechanical auxiliary means when the respective plug-in module is to be replaced.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于防止过电压的电器的插入式组合，所述电器组合包括：插座型下部和至少一个插入式模块，其可以接收过电压保护元件; 分别布置在下部和插入模块中的接触元件和接触计数元件; 以及用于插入或推动和固定相应的插件模块的互补的导轨或引导槽。 根据本发明，功能上分离的机械卡扣或卡入元件独立于相应的插入式模块和插座式下部之间的作用，而不管将接触元件和接触对置元件固定在一起的力是固定的和 /或插件模块使用时非积极固定的方式。 当要更换相应的插件模块时，可以取消没有任何机械辅助装置的卡扣或卡扣功能。
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5.发明授权Spark gap having a plurality of series-connected individual spark gaps, which are located in a stack arrangement 有权火花间隙具有多个串联连接的各个火花隙，它们位于堆叠装置中公开(公告)号：US08890393B2
公开(公告)日：2014-11-18
申请号：US13879679
申请日：2011-10-17
CPC分类号： H01T4/16
摘要： The invention relates to a spark gap comprising a number of series-connected individual spark gaps which are placed in a stack arrangement, which are spaced apart from each other by insulating material discs and are provided with a spring contact, the individual spark gaps including ring-shaped or disc-shaped electrodes, and further comprising control elements for influencing the voltage distribution over the stack arrangement. According to the invention the ring-shaped or disc-shaped electrodes required to form one of the respective individual spark gaps are each inserted into an insulating body and held by same in a centered manner. The respective insulating material discs are located between and fixed by the insulating bodies. A recess is provided inside the insulating body to receive and center the electrodes, whose shape is complementary relative to the contour of the respective electrode, wherein the recess comprises on the inner circumference at least partially elastic, resilient centering projections or centering noses.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种火花间隙，其包括多个串联连接的各个火花隙，该火花间隙通过绝缘材料盘相互隔开并且设置有弹簧接触件，放置在堆叠装置中，并且设有弹簧接触件，各个火花隙包括环 形状或盘形电极，并且还包括用于影响堆叠装置上的电压分布的控制元件。 根据本发明，形成各个各自的火花隙之一所需的环形或圆盘形电极分别插入绝缘体中并以其居中的方式保持。 各绝缘材料盘位于绝缘体之间并由绝缘体固定。 在绝缘体内部设置有一个凹槽，用于容纳和居中电极，其形状相对于相应电极的轮廓是互补的，其中凹部在内圆周上包括至少部分弹性的弹性定中心的突起或居中的鼻孔。
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6.发明申请SPARK GAP HAVING A PLURALITY OF SERIES-CONNECTED INDIVIDUAL SPARK GAPS, WHICH ARE LOCATED IN A STACK ARRANGEMENT 有权SPACK GAP拥有多个系列连接的个体火山灰，其位于堆叠布置中公开(公告)号：US20130278129A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-24
申请号：US13879679
申请日：2011-10-17
IPC分类号： H01T4/16
CPC分类号： H01T4/16
摘要： The invention relates to a spark gap comprising a number of series-connected individual spark gaps which are placed in a stack arrangement, which are spaced apart from each other by insulating material discs and are provided with a spring contact, the individual spark gaps including ring-shaped or disc-shaped electrodes, and further comprising control elements for influencing the voltage distribution over the stack arrangement. According to the invention the ring-shaped or disc-shaped electrodes required to form one of the respective individual spark gaps are each inserted into an insulating body and held by same in a centered manner. The respective insulating material discs are located between and fixed by the insulating bodies. A recess is provided inside the insulating body to receive and center the electrodes, whose shape is complementary relative to the contour of the respective electrode, wherein the recess comprises on the inner circumference at least partially elastic, resilient centering projections or centering noses.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种火花间隙，其包括多个串联连接的各个火花隙，该火花间隙通过绝缘材料盘相互隔开并且设置有弹簧接触件，放置在堆叠装置中，并且设有弹簧接触件，各个火花隙包括环 形状或盘形电极，并且还包括用于影响堆叠装置上的电压分布的控制元件。 根据本发明，形成各个各自的火花隙之一所需的环形或圆盘形电极分别插入绝缘体中并以其居中的方式保持。 各绝缘材料盘位于绝缘体之间并由绝缘体固定。 在绝缘体内部设置有一个凹槽，用于容纳和居中电极，其形状相对于相应电极的轮廓是互补的，其中凹部在内圆周上包括至少部分弹性的弹性定中心的突起或居中的鼻孔。
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7.发明授权Method and device for detecting chemical anomalies and/or salient features in soft tissue of an object area 有权用于检测物体区域的软组织中的化学异常和/或显着特征的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07936909B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-03
申请号：US11730272
申请日：2007-03-30
申请人： Bernhard Krauss
发明人： Bernhard Krauss
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , A61B5/4869 , A61B6/4014 , A61B6/4035 , A61B6/482 , G06T7/0012 , G06T7/11 , G06T7/97 , G06T2207/10081 , G06T2207/10152 , G06T2207/30004
摘要： At least one embodiment of the present application relates to a method and/or a device for automatically detecting chemical anomalies and/or salient features in soft tissue of an object area. In at least one embodiment of the method, two image data records of two computed tomography pictures of the object are provided which are recorded in the context of a different spectral distribution of the X-radiation. The following steps are carried out for each voxel of at least one interesting slice whose X-ray attenuation values are characteristic of soft tissue. Firstly, two X-ray attenuation values of the voxel, or two averaged X-ray attenuation values of the environment of the voxel are used to determine a data point of the voxel in a diagram in which the X-ray attenuation values are plotted against one another in the context of the two spectral distributions of the X-radiation. A perpendicular distance of the data point from a connecting straight line that connects prescribed data points for pure fat and for pure soft tissue in the diagram is then calculated. Finally, the voxel is marked and displayed with highlighting when its distance exceeds a prescribed threshold value for the distance. In at least one embodiment, at least one of the proposed method and the associated device enable chemical anomalies to be automatically detected on the basis of computed tomography.
摘要翻译： 本申请的至少一个实施方案涉及用于自动检测物体区域的软组织中的化学异常和/或显着特征的方法和/或装置。 在该方法的至少一个实施例中，提供了在X辐射的不同频谱分布的上下文中记录的两个对象的计算机断层摄影图像的图像数据记录。 对于其X射线衰减值是软组织的特征的至少一个有趣切片的每个体素执行以下步骤。 首先，使用体素的两个X射线衰减值或体素的环境的两个平均X射线衰减值来确定在X射线衰减值相对于 在X辐射的两个光谱分布的上下文中彼此相似。 然后计算数据点与连接用于纯脂肪的规定数据点和图中纯软组织的连接直线的垂直距离。 最后，当距离超过规定的距离阈值时，体素被标记并显示。 在至少一个实施例中，所提出的方法和相关联的装置中的至少一个使得可以基于计算机断层摄影来自动检测化学异常。
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公开(公告)号：US20100278411A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-04
申请号：US12770825
申请日：2010-04-30
申请人： Bernhard Krauss , Rainer Raupach
发明人： Bernhard Krauss , Rainer Raupach
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T5/009 , A61B6/03 , A61B6/507 , G06T5/50 , G06T2207/10081 , G06T2207/30004
摘要： A method is disclosed for processing an output image of an examination object, with the output image having been reconstructed from measuring data acquired during a relative rotational movement between a radiation source of a computed tomography system and the examination object. An image frequency division of an output image takes place in at least a first and a second image. In at least one embodiment, the first image is changed by way of a first function, with the first function effecting a contrast intensification within the first image, and the changed first image and the second image are merged together.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于处理检查对象的输出图像的方法，其中输出图像已经从计算机断层摄影系统的辐射源和检查对象之间的相对旋转运动期间获取的测量数据重构。 输出图像的图像分频发生在至少第一和第二图像中。 在至少一个实施例中，通过第一功能改变第一图像，其中第一功能在第一图像内实现对比度增强，并且将改变的第一图像和第二图像合并在一起。
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公开(公告)号：US20100040268A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-18
申请号：US12539687
申请日：2009-08-12
摘要： In a method and control device to control a slice image acquisition system, a scan protocol is initially selected from a number of scan protocols, and then an automatic control of the slice image acquisition system (13) ensues on the basis of the selected scan protocol by automatic receipt of previous information regarding the examination subject, automatic synchronization of the previous information with information regarding scan protocol-specific parameters of scan protocols, and automatic selection of the scan protocol, from among the number of scan protocols, that has parameters exhibiting the greatest compatibility with the received previous information according to an established rule.
摘要翻译： 在用于控制切片图像采集系统的方法和控制装置中，最初从多个扫描协议中选择扫描协议，然后基于所选择的扫描协议对切片图像采集系统（13）进行自动控制 通过自动接收关于检查对象的先前信息，先前信息与扫描协议的扫描协议特定参数的信息的自动同步以及扫描协议的自动选择，其中扫描协议的数目具有参数 根据既定规则与接收到的先前信息的最大兼容性。
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10.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080253508A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-16
申请号：US12081159
申请日：2008-04-11
申请人： Bernhard Krauss
发明人： Bernhard Krauss
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , A61B6/4014 , A61B6/482
摘要： A method and a CT system are disclosed having a computation unit for distinguishing between four materials (M1, M2, M3, M4) in tomographic records of a dual-energy CT system, wherein the size of a two-dimensional or three-dimensional viewing area is defined around each voxel whose material content is to be distinguished. In an embodiment of the method, the adjacent voxels from the viewing area on an HU value diagram are imaged for each voxel (Vi) whose material content is to be distinguished, the distances from the diagonals are calculated for all the imaged voxels, and the mean squares of these distances are formed (x12, x22). If the mean square distance (x12, x22) to one diagonal is less than to the other diagonal, then the composition of the voxel is assumed to be composed of the materials to whose diagonal the lower mean square distance (x12, x22) occurs.
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