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公开(公告)号：US06360775B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-26
申请号：US09221655
申请日：1998-12-23
IPC分类号： F15C104
CPC分类号： G02B26/004 , G02B6/3538 , G02B6/3544 , G02B6/3576 , Y10T137/206 , Y10T137/2196 , Y10T137/2224
摘要： A switching device for controlling fluid motion. The device includes a capillary filled with a first fluid into which a wall-confined bubble of a second fluid is introduced to achieve a first switching event. Capillary geometry and wetting properties provide a pressure-related asymmetric energy potential distribution for controlling the flow of the bubble, and the device is called an asymmetric bubble chamber, or ABC. The bubble is initially trapped in an energy potential well, and upon increase of its volume moves from the well into a region of low energy potential to achieve a second switching event. The first switching event may be blocking of a fluid channel or reflection of an optical beam in an optical crosspoint switch, while the second switching event may be unblocking of a fluid channel or restoration of transmission of an optical beam. The increase in bubble volume between the first and second switching events can act as the stroke of a fluidic piston to pump a volume the first fluid within the capillary. The device can be employed to thermally degas a liquid. The use of large-magnitude geometry-related energy potentials permits rapid cyclical operation of the device in a manner resistant to mechanical shock.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制流体运动的开关装置。 该装置包括填充有第一流体的毛细管，其中引入第二流体的壁限制气泡以实现第一切换事件。 毛细管几何形状和润湿性能提供了压力相关的不对称能量势能分布，用于控制气泡的流动，该装置称为不对称气泡室（ABC）。 气泡最初被捕获在能量势阱中，并且当其体积的增加从井移动到低能量潜能的区域以实现第二切换事件时。 第一切换事件可能阻塞光交叉点开关中的流体通道或光束的反射，而第二切换事件可以解除流体通道的阻塞或光束的传输恢复。 第一和第二切换事件之间的气泡体积的增加可以作为流体活塞的冲程来泵送毛细管内的第一流体的体积。 该装置可用于对液体进行热脱气。 使用大幅度几何相关的能量电位允许以机械冲击的方式快速地周期性地操作装置。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06398850B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09892203
申请日：2001-06-25
IPC分类号： B41J219
CPC分类号： B41J2/19
摘要： A thermally-activated gas extraction device that comprises a bubble capture chamber, an exhaust manifold, a tapered extraction chamber and an extraction heater associated with the tapered extraction chamber. The tapered extraction chamber extends from the bubble capture chamber towards the exhaust manifold and has a cross-sectional area that increases towards the exhaust manifold. A gas removal method in which the gas extraction device is provided, a bubble of gas is accumulated in the bubble capture chamber, a portion of the liquid in the tapered extraction chamber heated to nucleate a bubble of vapor, and the bubble of vapor is heated to explosively expand the bubble of vapor into contact with the walls of the tapered extraction chamber and into contact with the bubble of gas to form a composite bubble. Contact with the walls of the tapered extraction moves the composite bubble towards the exhaust manifold. Finally, heating of the composite bubble is discontinued to condense the vapor in the composite bubble.
摘要翻译： 一种热活化气体提取装置，其包括气泡捕获室，排气歧管，锥形抽出室和与锥形抽出室相关联的抽出加热器。 锥形抽出室从气泡捕获室朝向排气歧管延伸并且具有朝向排气歧管增加的横截面面积。 一种气体去除方法，其中提供气体提取装置，气体的气泡积聚在气泡捕获室中，锥形抽出室中的一部分液体被加热以使蒸汽的气泡成核，并且蒸气的气泡被加热 以将爆炸性地膨胀蒸汽气泡与锥形抽出室的壁接触并与气泡接触以形成复合气泡。 与锥形提取物的壁接触将复合气泡朝向排气歧管移动。 最后，中止复合气泡的加热以冷凝复合气泡中的蒸汽。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06299673B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-09
申请号：US09221026
申请日：1998-12-23
申请人： Leslie A. Field , David K. Donald , Phillip W. Barth , Jonathan Servaites , Storrs T. Hoen , Jonah A. Harley
发明人： Leslie A. Field , David K. Donald , Phillip W. Barth , Jonathan Servaites , Storrs T. Hoen , Jonah A. Harley
IPC分类号： B41J219
CPC分类号： B41J2/19
摘要： A thermally-activated gas extraction device that comprises a bubble capture chamber, an exhaust manifold, a tapered extraction chamber and an extraction heater associated with the tapered extraction chamber. The tapered extraction chamber extends from the bubble capture chamber towards the exhaust manifold and has a cross-sectional area that increases towards the exhaust manifold. A gas removal method in which the gas extraction device is provided, a bubble of gas is accumulated in the bubble capture chamber, a portion of the liquid in the tapered extraction chamber heated to nucleate a bubble of vapor, and the bubble of vapor is heated to explosively expand the bubble of vapor into contact with the walls of the tapered extraction chamber and into contact with the bubble of gas to form a composite bubble. Contact with the walls of the tapered extraction moves the composite bubble towards the exhaust manifold. Finally, heating of the composite bubble is discontinued to condense the vapor in the composite bubble.
摘要翻译： 一种热活化气体提取装置，其包括气泡捕获室，排气歧管，锥形抽出室和与锥形抽出室相关联的抽出加热器。 锥形抽出室从气泡捕获室朝向排气歧管延伸并且具有朝向排气歧管增加的横截面面积。 一种气体去除方法，其中提供气体提取装置，气体的气泡积聚在气泡捕获室中，锥形抽出室中的一部分液体被加热以使蒸汽的气泡成核，并且蒸气的气泡被加热 以将爆炸性地膨胀蒸汽气泡与锥形抽出室的壁接触并与气泡接触以形成复合气泡。 与锥形提取物的壁接触将复合气泡朝向排气歧管移动。 最后，中止复合气泡的加热以冷凝复合气泡中的蒸汽。
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公开(公告)号：US5699462A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-16
申请号：US663503
申请日：1996-06-14
申请人： Julie E. Fouquet , Phillip W. Barth , Kok-Wai Chang , Leslie A. Field , Eric G. Hanson , Long Yang , David K. Donald
发明人： Julie E. Fouquet , Phillip W. Barth , Kok-Wai Chang , Leslie A. Field , Eric G. Hanson , Long Yang , David K. Donald
CPC分类号： G02B26/004 , G02B6/3538 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/3576 , G02B6/3584 , G02B6/3596
摘要： A switching element defines a transmitting state and a reflecting state for a pair of intersecting waveguides that have a gap at their intersection. In the preferred embodiment, the switching element exhibits total internal reflection at the gap sidewall from one waveguide to the other when not in the transmitting state. In the transmitting state, index-matching liquid fills the gap, enabling light to continue in the original waveguide direction. The switching element may use ink jet techniques or bubble techniques to displace index-matching liquid. The index-matching fluid may be projected from a gap between the waveguides by a jet mechanism, or a vapor or dissolved gas bubble may be formed to fill the gap between the waveguides to provide the reflecting state for the switching element. Using either of the techniques, heaters are employed to initiate the switching operation. In some embodiments, more than one heater is utilized. In the preferred embodiment, waveguides are formed on one substrate and heaters are formed on another. Then the substrates are aligned and bonded together to position the heaters in very close proximity to the intersection between the waveguides. Preferably, the switching element is one element in a matrix of such elements for routing signals between arrays of input and output waveguides.
摘要翻译： 开关元件限定了在其交叉点处具有间隙的一对相交波导的发射状态和反射状态。 在优选实施例中，当不处于发送状态时，开关元件在从一个波导到另一个波导的间隙侧壁处呈现全内反射。 在透射状态下，折射率匹配液体填充间隙，使光能够沿原始波导方向继续。 开关元件可以使用喷墨技术或气泡技术来移位折射率匹配液体。 折射率匹配流体可以通过喷射机构从波导之间的间隙突出，或者可以形成蒸气或溶解的气泡以填充波导之间的间隙，以提供开关元件的反射状态。 使用这些技术之一，采用加热器来启动切换操作。 在一些实施例中，使用多于一个的加热器。 在优选实施例中，在一个基板上形成波导，另一个形成加热器。 然后将基板对准并结合在一起，以将加热器定位在非常接近波导之间的交叉点处。 优选地，开关元件是用于在输入和输出波导阵列之间路由信号的这种元件的矩阵中的一个元件。
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公开(公告)号：US06212956B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-10
申请号：US09221636
申请日：1998-12-23
IPC分类号： G01L912
CPC分类号： G01V3/088 , G01N27/221
摘要： A gas or liquid detector that includes a capacitative sensor and a capacitance detector. The capacitative sensor includes a first electrode and a second electrode separated from one another, and additionally includes Debye elements extant in the liquid adjacent such portions of the electrodes that are in contact with the liquid. The Debye elements each include a Debye capacitor with an associated shunt conductor. The shunt conductor has an exponentially-increasing conductance versus voltage characteristic. The Debye element adjacent the first electrode and the Debye element adjacent the second electrode are connected in series by conduction through the liquid. The Debye element adjacent at least the first electrode has a substantially greater capacitance than the capacitance between the electrodes absent the Debye elements. The capacitance detector is connected to the capacitative sensor and measures the capacitance of the capacitative sensor by applying an alternating voltage between the electrodes. The alternating voltage has a voltage amplitude less than the voltage amplitude at which the Debye element extant adjacent at least the first electrode ceases to be predominantly capacitative. By measuring the capacitance of the capacitative sensor using an alternating voltage having a voltage amplitude less than the voltage amplitude at which the Debye element ceases to be predominantly capacitative, the capacitances measured are one or more orders of magnitude greater than the capacitances conventionally measured between electrodes in contact with a liquid.
摘要翻译： 包括电容传感器和电容检测器的气体或液体检测器。 电容传感器包括彼此分离的第一电极和第二电极，并且还包括与液体相邻的与电极接触的这些部分中的液体中存在的德拜元件。 德拜元件各自包括具有相关联的分流导体的德拜电容器。 分流导体具有指数增加的电导与电压特性。 邻近第一电极的德拜元件和与第二电极相邻的德拜元件通过液体导通而串联连接。 至少第一电极相邻的德拜元件具有比不存在德拜元件的电极之间的电容大得多的电容。 电容检测器连接到电容传感器，并通过在电极之间施加交流电压来测量电容传感器的电容。 交变电压的电压幅度小于与至少第一电极相邻的德拜元件不再主要是电容的电压幅度。 通过使用具有小于德拜元件停止主要是电容的电压幅度的电压幅度的交流电压来测量电容性传感器的电容，所测量的电容比电极之间常规测量的电容大一个或多个数量级 与液体接触。
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公开(公告)号：US06062681A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-16
申请号：US114978
申请日：1998-07-14
申请人： Leslie A. Field , Stefano Schiaffino , Phillip W. Barth , Storrs T. Hoen , Naoto A. Kawamura , David K. Donald , Channing R. Robertson , Jonathan D. Servaites
发明人： Leslie A. Field , Stefano Schiaffino , Phillip W. Barth , Storrs T. Hoen , Naoto A. Kawamura , David K. Donald , Channing R. Robertson , Jonathan D. Servaites
CPC分类号： B41J2/17596 , B41J2/19 , Y10S366/03
摘要： A bubble valve that comprises a liquid delivery channel and a localized heating arrangement. The liquid delivery channel includes an upstream portion and a constriction downstream of the upstream portion. The constriction has a smaller cross-sectional area than the upstream portion. The localized heating arrangement is located in the liquid delivery channel and generates heat to nucleate and enlarge a bubble in the liquid. The constriction is shaped to form a seal with the bubble. The localized heating arrangement additionally generates heat to move the bubble relative to the constriction to control the flow of the liquid. A pressure regulator that comprises a liquid delivery channel connected to a liquid outlet, a sensor located adjacent the liquid outlet, a controller that operates in response to the sensor and a localized heating arrangement. The liquid delivery channel includes an upstream portion, and a constriction located between the upstream portion and the liquid outlet. The constriction has a smaller cross-sectional area than the upstream portion. The localized heating arrangement is located in the liquid delivery channel and generates heat in response to the controller to nucleate and enlarge a bubble in the liquid. The constriction is shaped to form a seal with the bubble. The localized heating arrangement additionally generates heat to move the bubble relative to the constriction to control the flow of the liquid to the liquid outlet.
摘要翻译： 气泡阀，其包括液体输送通道和局部加热装置。 液体输送通道包括上游部分的下游部分和收缩部分。 缩颈具有比上游部分更小的横截面面积。 局部加热装置位于液体输送通道中并产生热量以成核并扩大液体中的气泡。 缩颈被成形为与气泡形成密封。 局部加热装置另外产生热量以相对于收缩部移动气泡以控制液体的流动。 一种压力调节器，包括连接到液体出口的液体输送通道，位于液体出口附近的传感器，响应于传感器操作的控制器和局部加热装置。 液体输送通道包括上游部分和位于上游部分和液体出口之间的收缩部。 缩颈具有比上游部分更小的横截面面积。 局部加热装置位于液体输送通道中，响应于控制器产生热量以成核并扩大液体中的气泡。 缩颈被成形为与气泡形成密封。 局部加热装置另外产生热量以相对于收缩部移动气泡以控制液体流到液体出口的流动。
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公开(公告)号：US20200072210A1
公开(公告)日：2020-03-05
申请号：US16556187
申请日：2019-08-29
申请人： Phillip W. Barth , Leslie A. Field
发明人： Phillip W. Barth , Leslie A. Field
摘要： A flow channel suitable for use with a peristaltic pump comprises: an upper wall having a bowed upward shape; a lower wall having one of a bowed downward shape and a flat shape; and one or more spacers between the upper wall and the lower wall disposed between lateral edges of the upper and lower walls, each spacer having a height. The upper wall, lower wall, and the one or more spacers define a lumen. When the upper wall is compressed toward the lower wall by compressing members, the one or more spacers limit vertical movement of the compressing members such that the lumen is maintained in an under-occluded condition. In some cases, the bowing of one of the upper and lower walls has a recurved shape.
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公开(公告)号：US06231168B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-15
申请号：US09303250
申请日：1999-04-30
申请人： Robert C. Maze , Douglas M. Collins , Todd A. Cleland , Leslie A. Field , Storrs T. Hoen , Phillip W. Barth
发明人： Robert C. Maze , Douglas M. Collins , Todd A. Cleland , Leslie A. Field , Storrs T. Hoen , Phillip W. Barth
IPC分类号： B41J205
CPC分类号： B41J2/1404 , B41J2/1412 , B41J2/14129 , B41J2002/14387 , B41J2002/14403 , B41J2002/14467 , Y10T29/49083 , Y10T29/49401
摘要： An ink jet print head with a substrate defining an ink aperture. A number of ink energizing elements are located on the major surface of the substrate. A barrier layer is connected to the upper surface, and peripherally encloses an ink manifold. The barrier encompasses the ink aperture. An orifice plate is connected to the barrier layer, spaced apart from the substrate's major surface, enclosing the ink manifold. The plate defines a number of orifices, each associated with a respective ink energizing element. The ink manifold is an elongated chamber having opposed ends defined by end wall portions of the barrier layer. The barrier end wall portions each have an intermediate end wall portion protruding into the manifold.
摘要翻译： 一种具有限定油墨孔的基板的喷墨打印头。 许多墨水激励元件位于基底的主表面上。 阻挡层连接到上表面，并且外围包围油墨歧管。 屏障包括油墨孔。 孔板连接到阻挡层，与衬底的主表面间隔开，包围油墨歧管。 板限定了多个孔，每个孔与相应的墨水激励元件相关联。 油墨歧管是具有由阻挡层的端壁部分限定的相对端的细长室。 阻挡端壁部分各自具有突出到歧管中的中间端壁部分。
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公开(公告)号：US07004556B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-28
申请号：US10952155
申请日：2004-09-28
申请人： Todd A. Cleland , Robert C. Maze , Michael D. Miller , Rama Prasad , Robert N. K. Browning , Dale R. Oughton , Joseph M. Torgerson , Kenneth D. Saul , Michael B. Hager , Douglas M. Collins , Leslie A. Field , Storrs Hoen , Phillip W. Barth
发明人： Todd A. Cleland , Robert C. Maze , Michael D. Miller , Rama Prasad , Robert N. K. Browning , Dale R. Oughton , Joseph M. Torgerson , Kenneth D. Saul , Michael B. Hager , Douglas M. Collins , Leslie A. Field , Storrs Hoen , Phillip W. Barth
CPC分类号： B41J2/04541 , B41J2/04543 , B41J2/0458 , B41J2/1404 , B41J2/14072 , B41J2/1412 , B41J2/14129 , B41J2002/14177 , B41J2002/14387 , B41J2002/14403 , B41J2002/14467 , B41J2002/14475
摘要： Several improvements have been made in inkjet print cartridges to realize 5 ng drop weights at ejection frequencies of 18 KHz. These improvements include small nozzle openings, improved heater resistor efficiency, and better ink supply reliability.
摘要翻译： 在喷墨打印墨盒中进行了若干改进，以在18KHz的喷射频率下实现5ng的下落重量。 这些改进包括小喷嘴开口，改进的加热器电阻效率和更好的墨水供应可靠性。
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公开(公告)号：US5709773A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-20
申请号：US749588
申请日：1996-11-15
申请人： Leslie A. Field , Phillip W. Barth
发明人： Leslie A. Field , Phillip W. Barth
CPC分类号： G02B6/3692 , G02B6/3636 , G02B6/3838 , G02B6/4231 , Y10T428/2982
摘要： A flexible and efficient bulk micromachining method for fabricating a novel microstructure that is bounded by substantially planar surfaces meeting only at substantially right angle corner features. The novel microstructure of the present invention is useful as a spacer in assembly processes where high accuracy is required, such as precise positioning of optical fibers or conductors. In the preferred embodiment, the microstructure of the present invention includes a shelf feature disposed along a height dimension of the microstructure, which is required for some applications. The bulk micromachining method of the present invention includes providing a first substrate having a top planar surface and an opposing planar surface. The opposing surface of the substrate is anisotropically etched to provide a first thinned region. The top surface of the first substrate is anisotropically etched so that a first recessed feature having a vertical side is made integral with the first thinned region. Similarly, a second substrate having a top planar surface and an opposing planar surface is provided. The opposing surface of the second substrate is anisotropically etched to provide a second thinned region. The top surface of the second substrate is anisotropically etched so that a second recessed feature having a vertical side wall is made integral with the second thinned region. The top surface of the first substrate is aligned and coupled with the top surface of the second substrate to produce the desired microstructure. The substrates are cut or sawn to free the microstructure.
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